RU66424U1 - SWITCHING ITEM IN RESERVE SELF-RESCUE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used in accidents in mines to protect miners, when their time to fresh air is longer than the duration of the protective action of self-rescuers. The technical result of using the utility model is to increase the comfort of the replacement of self-rescuers by providing the ability to remove unsuitable air for breathing from the chambers. The switching point contains a housing consisting of separate sections 1, in which there are shelves for backup and used self-rescuers and a chamber 8 for comfortable breathing when replacing self-rescuers with arched perforated tubes 12 connected to a fresh air source 21. There are openings 26 in the upper wall of each chamber to exit the air from the chamber, and the arcuate tubes are equipped with handles 27 for turning them within the limiters 28. When fresh air is supplied, smoke and exhaust air are displaced from measures through the openings in the top wall. 1 s.p. f., 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used in accidents in mines to protect miners, when their time to fresh air is longer than the duration of the protective action of self-rescuers. In addition, the proposed switching point can be used to rest miners and rescuers, temporary protection against gases, etc.

At mines in Russia, insulating self-rescuers are used as means of self-rescue of miners during accidents, the protective time of which is at least 60 minutes. In practice, this time is not always enough for people to go to a safe place due to the considerable remoteness of jobs. In these cases, according to the requirements of the Safety Rules (Clause 51 PB 05-618-03. - M., 2003), switching points to backup self-rescuers are equipped on the routes of leaving the accident zone.

The mobile self-rescue point PSP (PSPM) is known, intended for inclusion in reserve self-rescuers after the expiration of the protective action of the personal self-rescuer or in the absence of it, breathing or resting people when they are forced to stay in the zone of the point until normal ventilation is restored or until the rescuers arrive, etc. d. (Devices, instruments and equipment of the mine rescue service. Catalog. - M.: TSNIEIugol, 1981. - S.30-34).

The well-known life-saving station is a portable metal container containing insulating self-rescuers, a compressed air cylinder, a reducer with high and low pressure gauges, an intercom with a speaker, air ducts with mouthpieces and half masks. A rescue station, instead of a cylinder with compressed air for breathing people, can be connected to

trunk mine network. Mobile self-rescue stations are installed mainly on ventilation and haulage drifts 10-20 m from the exit from the lava.

The rescue station is switched on automatically when the container door is opened. Air from a cylinder under high pressure enters the gearbox and then into the lung machines. If air is not taken through breathing masks and mouthpieces, then compressed air from a cylinder or pneumatic network is not consumed, i.e. individual air consumption occurs only when using half masks or mouthpieces, in other cases, including when changing self-rescuers, people breathe air in the container. This is the main disadvantage of the known rescue station: miners, by the number of emergency self-rescuers, must get together at the station, close the door, let air into the container until the control equipment is triggered, and only after that they can switch to emergency self-rescuers. It takes at least 20-25 minutes, which during the accident is dangerous consequences.

There is a known point of switching to backup self-rescuers containing a case with hermetically sealed doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and open, height-adjustable breathing chambers installed in the case when changing self-rescuers (application for PM No. 2007104364, class E21F 11 / 00, claimed 05.02.2007).

A disadvantage of the known device is that in the upper part of the chamber may form a breathable mixture containing carbon monoxide and other gases.

The technical result of using the utility model is to increase the comfort of changing self-rescuers due to the possibility of removing smoke and exhaust air from the chambers.

A point of switching to backup self-rescuers is proposed, comprising a housing made of separate sections, hermetically

interconnected, sealed doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and height-adjustable chambers for comfortable breathing when changing a self-rescuer with arcuate tubes equipped with openings and connected to a fresh air source.

The difference is that the upper sides of the chambers are provided with holes, and the arcuate tubes are mounted to rotate in a vertical plane.

The difference is also that rotation limiters are fixed on the side walls of the chambers.

The design of the switching point provides the possibility of replacing the used self-rescuers with backup ones as the miners approach and allows creating comfortable conditions for breathing in the chambers by removing the mixture unsuitable for breathing from them.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of the switching point, in Fig. 2 is a view of a chamber for comfortable breathing in a section according to II of Fig. 1, and in Fig. 3 is a same in a section according to II-II of Fig. .2.

The switching point to backup self-rescuers has a housing consisting of separate sections 1, hermetically connected to each other. The item has hermetically sealed inlet 2 and outlet 3 doors. Sections during assembly are installed on two beams 4. Each section has shelves 5 for backup self-rescuers 6 and shelves 7 for used self-rescuers.

In each section, chambers 8 are installed for comfortable breathing, which are suspended from the top of the sections on levers 9, pivotally connected to each other and forming a rhombus, which are connected to the upper eye 10 fixed to the section and the lower 11 fixed to the camera. To keep the camera at the required height and move it, the hinges connecting the levers 9 have a preload mechanism with which the necessary force is set to move the camera up or down. Inside the chamber 8 passes

an arcuate tube 12, which is connected through a nipple 13 to a hose 14 and secured with a clamp 15. On the tube 12 there are openings 16 for supplying fresh air directly to the respiratory organs of a person. On the side walls of the chamber 8 there are semicircular recesses for the shoulders 17, necessary for a better fit. On the side walls of the chamber, handles 18 are also welded for easy adjustment of the chamber according to the height of a person. In addition, a pipe 19 is welded to the chamber, which covers the guide 20. Each section has a fresh air source 21, for example, a compressed air cylinder with a reducer 22, a hose 23 and a valve 24 for supplying fresh air. The crane is driven by the pedal 25. In addition, on the upper wall of the chamber there are openings 26 for the exit of smoke and exhaust air. The tube 12 is made to rotate it around the axis III-III using the handle 27, and to limit the rotation, stops 28 are installed. Chambers for comfortable breathing with appropriate equipment are located on one side of the switching point in order to clear the passage. Folding benches (not shown) can be attached to the opposite side, which can be used for rescuers and other purposes. The number of sections is selected depending on the size of the largest shift working in a potentially hazardous area. The number of self-rescuers should be 10% more than the number of people working in this area.

The switching point is assembled in a prepared niche, for which soil is cleaned up, two bars 4 are laid under each section, sections 1 are installed and they are tightly connected to each other. After assembly, the switching point is equipped with backup self-rescuers 6, cylinders 21 with fresh air and the necessary equipment for their work. With a cylinder capacity of 6 m ^{3 of} compressed air and the need of one person in 100-200 liters of air, one cylinder is enough to switch 30 people.

After assembling the switching point, doors 2, 3 are closed and it is registered with the mine dispatcher.

In case of fire or other accidents, as a result of which the atmosphere of the site has become unsuitable for breathing, miners individually or in groups in self-rescuers are sent towards the exit from the site. Upon reaching the switching point, the miner immediately enters it, not waiting for the collection of the necessary number of groups, becomes in free section 1, grabs handle 18 and raises or lowers chamber 8 in height until his head is in the chamber and the recesses 18 on shoulders. After that, the pedal 25 is turned on with the foot, and the valve 24 is opened and fresh air from the cylinder 21 passes through the reducer 22, the hose 23, the valve 24 into the arcuate tube 12 and exits into the openings 16 directly to the respiratory organ. To improve the air supply directly to the respiratory organs and to expel smoke and exhaust air from the chamber through the openings 26 or through the bottom of the chamber, the position of the tube 12 can be adjusted using the handle 27 by turning it around axis III-III. Initially, the chamber may be filled with smoke. When air is supplied, smoke under pressure is forced into the openings 26. Exhaust air is also forced into these openings. Under the protection of this soul, the miner removes the used self-rescuer, joins the backup and goes to the exit. As soon as he removes his foot from the pedal 25, the supply of fresh air to the chamber 8 is stopped, and the next miner may occupy the vacant place. All switching occurs quickly, in-line, without delay and waiting.

Claims (2)

1. The switch point to backup self-rescuers, comprising a housing made of separate sections hermetically connected to each other, hermetic doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and height-adjustable chambers for comfortable breathing, characterized in that the upper sides of the chambers for comfortable breathing are provided with holes, and the arcuate tubes are mounted with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane. 2. The switching point according to claim 1, characterized in that rotation limiters are fixed on the side walls of the chambers.