RU58858U1 - LINE FOR INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF HYDROBIONES AND PRODUCTION OF PROTEIN ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of biotechnology and fish processing, and more specifically to the design of devices (technological lines) for the integrated processing of hydrobionts and the production of protein enzymatic hydrolysates, and can be used in fish, food and other industries for the production of food, feed and medical preventive purposes. The line contains interconnected feed hopper, fermenter, device for separating solid waste, a device for filtering the hydrolyzate, a separator-grease separator with a tank for collecting fat, a pasteurizer-accumulator of filtered and defatted fermentolizate, a concentrator of liquid enzymatic hydrolyzate, a device for drying the finished product fermentolizate. New is that the fermenter is additionally equipped with a discharge device made in the form of a neck with a tight seal. The utility model allows us to expand the production and technological capabilities of the line in relation to processing a wider range of raw materials of marine origin, including hydrobionts with hard outer coatings.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of biotechnology and fish processing, and more specifically to the design of devices (technological lines) for the integrated processing of hydrobionts and the production of protein enzymatic hydrolysates, and can be used in fish, food and other industries for the production of food, feed and medical preventive purposes.

A known line for the production of biocompost from fish processing waste according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2111194, class. C 05 F 9/04, A 22 C 25/00, publ. 1998.05.20, containing a fish waste shredder, mixer, fermenter, dryer, as well as a device for determining the initial characteristics of shredded fish waste and an organic filler shredder with apparatus for its granulation and drying, designed for processing and disposal of fish waste into an organic fertilizer for rural households.

The disadvantage of this analogue line is the impossibility of its use for the processing of many widespread types of raw materials of marine origin, such as bivalves or gastropods, etc., having a hard outer shell in the form of a shell consisting of calcium compounds, as well as excessive “saturation” of the line

additional equipment for preliminary grinding of feedstock, for example, several types of grinders, and as a result, its increased cost.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one, taken as the closest analogue to the prototype of the utility model, is a line installed on a production vessel for implementing an enzymatic method for processing hydrobionts, mainly mesopelagic fish and / or krill, according to the RF patent for utility model No. 49512, class. 63 V 35/24, 38/00, publ. 2005.11.27, containing interconnected chopper, hopper, fermenter (fermentolysis reactor), a device for separating solid waste, a device for recycling solid waste (as part of the dryer and mill), a grease separator, a vacuum evaporator and a spray dryer.

The disadvantage of this prototype line is the limited possibilities of its use for processing and obtaining (production) of protein enzymatic hydrolysates from hydrobionts (and other raw materials of marine origin) containing solid outer coatings, for example from bivalves or gastropods, etc., having a solid outer a shell in the form of a shell consisting of calcium compounds, which is mainly due to the limited technological capabilities and characteristics of the enzyme used in the composition of the line pa (reactor for enzymatic hydrolysis), as well as irrational arrangement as part of a line of other necessary for the implementation of technology of complex processing devices and equipment.

In addition, the disadvantage of the prototype is the almost mandatory use as part of the line of the device for pre-grinding the feedstock before it is directly loaded into the fermenter.

The proposed utility model is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the prototype, including, first of all, expanding the production and technological capabilities of the line with respect to processing a wider range of raw materials of marine origin, including hydrobionts with hard outer coatings.

At the same time, the task of creating an optimally balanced in terms of its design features and more economical technological line - an interconnected set of equipment that allows in practice a large-scale industrial production to put into practice the method (technology) of complex waste-free processing of hydrobionts (all the main types of raw materials of marine origin) and the production of dry protein enzymatic hydrolysates with the simultaneous production, including from their waste, of the concomitant target product uctions with high consumer properties for its further use in the production of food, feed and therapeutic purposes.

This is achieved by the fact that in the proposed line for the complex processing of hydrobionts and the production of protein enzymatic hydrolysates, containing interconnected hopper-batcher of feedstock, a fermenter, a device for separating solid waste, a device for filtering the hydrolyzate, a grease separator with a tank for collecting fat, pasteurizer storage of filtered and fat-free fermentolizate, a concentrator of liquid enzymatic hydrolyzate, a device for drying the finished fermentolizate, for example p a spray dryer, the device for separating solid waste at the outlet of the solid fraction is connected to a series-installed device for drying solid waste, such as a drum dryer, and a device for

grinding them, for example with a crusher, in contrast to the prototype, the fermenter is additionally equipped with a discharge device provided, mainly in its lower part, made in the form of a neck with a tight closure, for example, a lid with an automatically controlled mechanical locking device.

In addition, the goals are achieved by the fact that the neck of the unloading device is made with a diameter, mainly not less than 0.5, of the shell diameter of the fermenter body, which is a necessary and sufficient technical condition for a quick and unhindered (with minimal resistance) passage of the mixed fraction of liquid hydrolyzate and solid waste of hydrobionts directly through the neck of the unloading device, especially through the cross-section in the area adjacent the said throats us to the body of the fermenter.

The fermenter itself is designed as a chemical reactor in the form of a container of anti-corrosion materials and is equipped with a stirring device, a jacket and a process control device, for example, instrumentation.

In the general case, the layout of the line, the device for separating solid waste is made in the form of a series-connected device such as a screen and a device such as a suction filter, or a friend filter, or a press filter, and a device for grinding solid waste is in the form of a parallel roller or hammer and finger mills.

To implement the final stage of the technological process, the device for drying the finished fermentolizate and the device for grinding solid waste at the outlet are connected to devices for separating the dry product from the gaseous coolant, respectively, made,

for example by type of cyclones.

All individual devices and types of equipment that make up the proposed line can be interconnected depending on the specific conditions and the processes occurring in them, either mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically, for example by means of the corresponding type of pipelines.

Storage of the consumable enzyme preparation can be provided through additional equipment of the fermenter with weighing and volumetric dispensers (not shown in the drawing), for example by fixing them directly on its body.

Depending on the conditions of a particular production, the line may be equipped with a receiving and / or receiving and storage hopper for preliminary storage of fish raw materials installed in front of the metering hopper.

In addition, a variant is possible in which the line can be additionally equipped with a filtered hydrolyzate storage hopper installed between the filtering device and the grease separator, or in another embodiment, the filtering device can be further equipped with a filtered hydrolyzate storage hopper connected at the outlet with grease separator.

Live fish, frozen fish, industrial fish processing waste, fish of reduced commercial value, trifles of the third group, etc., as well as mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms, i.e. all main types of raw materials of water origin.

In the General case, the transportation of raw materials is carried out by mechanical means, for example using conveyor belts.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of a line for the integrated processing of hydrobionts and the production of protein enzymatic hydrolysates with conventionally designated main functional elements of its design.

An example of a specific implementation of the claimed utility model is a line containing a hopper-dispenser 1 connected via a mechanical conveyor 2 with a fermenter (reactor for fermentolysis) 3 with a specially designed and equipped in its lower part discharge device (not shown), made in its turn, in the form of a vertical neck with a sealed cover and a mechanism for opening and closing it (not shown in the drawing), a device for separating solid waste 4, a device for filtering 5 g idrolizate, hydrolyzate storage hopper 6, grease separator 7, fat collection tank 8, fermentolysate pasteurizer-accumulator 9, enzymatic hydrolyzate concentrator 10, spray dryer 11 pneumatically connected to cyclones 12, screw cooler 13 connected to the packaging section finished product in containers, for example bags, pumps 14, a unit for washing solid waste 15 connected to a device for separating solid waste, sequentially installed (behind the unit 15) a dryer for solid waste 16 and a crusher 17 Verdi waste reported by pneumatically its output to the input of the cyclone 18.

The concentrator 10, made in the form of a spray dryer 11, is pneumatically communicated at its working inlet (not shown in the drawing), for example, through an air duct (not shown in the drawing) and through series-connected cyclones 12 with the outlet (not shown) of the target dryer 11 finished product.

The implementation of the method of complex processing of aquatic organisms with obtaining protein enzymatic hydrolysates and other related final target products using the proposed production line is as follows.

Raw materials without preliminary grinding, for example mussels, or shrimp, or fish waste through a hopper 1 using a conveyor 2 are fed into the reactor 3 for fermentolysis. Tap water with a mass of 1 \ 5-1 \ 3 of the mass of raw materials is supplied there. By supplying the coolant to the jacket (not shown) of the reactor 3, the mixture is heated to 40-50 ° C. Then, an enzyme preparation, a protease, is introduced into the reactor, for example by means of a doser connected to it. Fermentolysis is carried out with constant stirring for 60-90 minutes.

At the end of the fermentolysis process, the protein hydrolyzate, together with the solid residues of the outer coating of the hydrobionts, is discharged through the neck of the unloading device to a screen, mainly with a mesh mesh diameter of more than 1 mm, because raw materials, including hydrobionts with a hard outer coating, are not subjected to preliminary grinding before being loaded into the fermenter.

Then the hydrolyzate using the device for separating solid waste 4, such as a screen (or other known devices for separating solid inclusions and filtration), is cleaned of the shell, or shells, or fish bones, or other solid waste, and fed through the filter device 5, consisting, for example, of a suction filter, a friend filter and a press filter, or other known filtering devices (not shown in the drawing), into a storage hopper 6.

From the hopper of the drive 6, the hydrolyzate pump 14 is fed to the grease separator 7 to separate the fat, which is collected in a tank for collecting fat 8.

From the separator 7, the fat-free fermentolizate is fed to the pasteurizer-accumulator 9, where at a temperature of 80 ° C the hydrolyzate is pasteurized and stored until drying.

Next, the hydrolyzate is fed to the concentrator 10 to thicken it to a solids concentration of at least 15%.

The thickened hydrolyzate is fed to a spray dryer 11 for drying.

Drying is carried out at an inlet coolant temperature of 210 ° C and an exhaust temperature of 85-90 ° C.

The air exhausted in the dryer 11 from its outlet through the cyclones 12 is sent to the concentrator 10, while the bulk of the dry finished product is separated in the cyclones 12, and the ultrafine fraction (dust) of the dry hydrolyzate is disposed of in the concentrator 10 according to the principle of a wet scrubber, which (concentrator 10) in this case, it acts as a terminal device for cleaning the spent air coolant (which was used as a concentrator 10), while the coolant leaving the dryer 11 is simultaneously used for heating Izata in the concentrator 10 and thereby carry out the disposal of heat outgoing air flow at the outlet from the spray dryer 11.

At the exit of the cyclones 12, the finished product — a dry hydrolyzate — is packed into bags through the screw cooler 13.

The solid components of the feed, such as mollusk shells or crustacean shell, are separated on the solid waste separator 4 and fed to the washing unit 15 for washing, for example a solid waste washing unit.

After washing with tap water in a 3-5-fold volume with respect to the mass of utilized raw materials, solid waste goes to the dryer 16 for drying, for example, a drum type. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 80-120 ° C for 10-15 minutes, then the dry waste is crushed by means of a crusher 17, for example, roller or hammer for shell crustaceans, or hammer and finger for shells of mollusks.

Then, a dry accompanying product, for example, a crushed mollusk shell or crushed crustacean shell, through cyclone 18, in which it is separated from the heat transfer medium, as well as from the smallest dust fraction, is fed to packaging or further “finer” processing.

Claims (7)

1. A line for the complex processing of hydrobionts and the production of protein enzymatic hydrolysates, containing interconnected hopper-dispenser of feedstock, a fermenter, a device for separating solid waste, a device for filtering the hydrolyzate, a separator-grease separator with a tank for collecting fat, a filtered pasteurizer and fat-free fermentolizate, a concentrator of liquid enzymatic hydrolyzate, a device for drying the finished fermentolizate, for example a spray dryer, while the device for separating solid waste at the outlet of the solid fraction is connected to series-installed device for drying solid waste, such as a drum dryer, and a device for grinding them, for example a crusher, characterized in that the fermenter is further provided with an unloading device provided, mainly in its lower part, made in the form of a neck with a tight seal, for example a lid with an automatically controlled mechanical locking device. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the neck of the unloading device is made with a diameter, preferably not less than 0.5, of the diameter of the shell of the fermenter body. 3. The line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for separating solid waste is made in the form of series-connected devices such as a screen and a device such as a suction filter, or a friend filter, or a press filter. 4. The line according to claim 3, characterized in that the device for grinding solid waste is made in the form of parallel mounted roller or hammer and finger mills. 5. The line according to claim 4, characterized in that the device for drying the finished fermentolizate and the device for grinding solid waste at the outlet are connected to devices for separating the dry product from the gaseous coolant, respectively made, for example, according to the type of cyclones. 6. The line according to claim 5, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a storage hopper of the filtered hydrolyzate installed between the filtering device and the grease separator. 7. The line according to claim 5, characterized in that the filtering device is additionally equipped with a storage hopper of the filtered hydrolyzate, connected at the outlet to a grease separator.