CN111925918B - Fermentation device and fermentation management method for straw biogas engineering - Google Patents
Fermentation device and fermentation management method for straw biogas engineering Download PDFInfo
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- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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- C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
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- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/40—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pressure
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/48—Automatic or computerized control
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- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
Abstract
The invention relates to a fermentation device and a fermentation management method for straw biogas engineering, which belong to the technical field of biogas engineering, and the fermentation device utilizes a high-power pump to boost pressure, so that the effect of circularly stirring fermentation materials such as straw in a fermentation bin is realized, the phenomena of material deposition, crust formation, uneven temperature and concentration in a reactor, reduced gas yield and the like caused by lack of proper stirring in the traditional biogas engineering are solved, simultaneously, straw crushing, blending, feeding and continuous and integrated completion can be realized, the fermentation of a biogas digester can be orderly and efficiently operated, the gas yield can be improved, the problem of blockage of materials such as straw and the like is solved, and the discharging of the straw biogas engineering is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biogas engineering, and particularly relates to a fermentation device and a fermentation management method for straw biogas engineering.
Background
The energy storage is large in China, the energy consumption is large, the energy consumption is increased with the development of industry, and fossil energy is reduced day by day, so that the development of renewable energy is a necessary trend. Biogas is a combustible gas produced by the fermentation of organic matters in an anaerobic environment under the conditions of certain temperature, humidity, concentration and pH value. In general, various organic matters such as human and animal feces, straw, kitchen waste, domestic sewage and the like can be put into a closed methane tank for fermentation, namely, the organic matters are decomposed and converted by various methane fermentation microorganisms, so that methane is generated. The marsh gas is used as a living energy source, can be used for cooking, lighting and water heater, and can also be used as an industrial energy source for marsh gas power generation, greenhouse seedling raising, marsh gas chicken raising, marsh gas heat energy processing and the like. Therefore, the biogas can treat wastes of agricultural or industrial production and human and animal excreta in time, can be recycled to the greatest extent, and can purify the environment, so that the biogas is one of the best choices for replacing traditional energy sources such as coal, firewood and the like as a clean renewable energy source. At present, the highest energy of methane energy in developed countries such as Europe, america and Germany accounts for 15% of the energy used, and large-scale methane engineering is more and more. In China, the development of biogas engineering is also increasing year by year.
The raw materials of the biogas engineering are mainly agricultural wastes such as livestock manure, crop straws, melon seedling, vegetable seedling, fungus dreg and the like, and the wastes are crushed by crushing equipment and then are added into a fermentation tank by a feeding device to ferment and produce methane. However, it is worth noting that when the biogas fermentation is carried out by taking crop straws, weeds, livestock manure and the like as raw materials, under the condition of no stirring, the fermentation raw materials are obviously divided into 3 layers, namely an upper layer is a crust layer, a middle layer is a clear liquid layer, and a lower layer is a slag layer, so that the mixing stirring can be realized in the biogas fermentation process, namely, new and old material liquids can be uniformly mixed, microorganisms are fully contacted with the raw materials, the biochemical reaction is promoted, solid substances can be dispersed and suspended in the material liquid, the contact surface with the microorganisms is increased, the digestion of the substances is promoted, the deposition and crusting of the substances are avoided, the material liquid in the reactor is enabled to flow, the formed crust layer can be thinned or broken, the escape is facilitated, the phenomena of uneven temperature and concentration in the reactor are eliminated, the biochemical reaction is normally carried out, the phase relation of the materials is changed, and the biogas yield is improved.
Conventional biogas engineering does not have, or lacks, suitable stirring means. The traditional biogas engineering lacks ordered maneuvering connection in the processes of crushing, blending and feeding the straws and stirring the materials in a fermentation bin, is not beneficial to transportation of straw raw materials, and is easy to generate the problems of floating, crusting and the like after the straws are immersed in a fermentation tank. At present, a stirrer is arranged at the bottom of a fermentation bin in part of biogas engineering to stir materials such as straws, but the stirrer is not easy to operate, manage and overhaul in the actual production process, and the problem exists in discharging after fermentation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims at providing a fermentation device for straw biogas engineering and a fermentation management method based on the fermentation device. The fermentation device disclosed by the invention utilizes the high-power pump to carry out pressurization, realizes the effect of circularly stirring fermentation materials such as straw and the like in the fermentation bin, solves the problems of material deposition, crusting, uneven temperature and concentration in the reactor, reduced gas yield and the like caused by lack of proper stirring in the traditional biogas engineering, can simultaneously crush, blend and feed the straw continuously and integrally, can orderly and efficiently operate the fermentation of the biogas digester, can improve the gas yield, also solves the problem of blockage of the materials such as straw and the like, and is beneficial to discharging of the straw biogas engineering.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme:
a fermentation device for straw biogas engineering comprises a feeding bin, a biogas slurry tank, a plc control system, a mobile terminal connected with the plc control system, a conveying device, a fermentation bin and a discharging bin;
the feeding bin comprises a feeding pipeline for inputting raw materials, a cutting device for crushing the raw materials and a pretreatment device; the cutting device and the preprocessing device are both in wireless connection with the plc control system; the cutting device is fixedly arranged on the pipe wall of the feeding pipeline; the pretreatment device comprises a baffle plate for receiving raw materials, a weighing sensor for weighing the raw materials and a lifting device arranged below the baffle plate, wherein the lifting device is a pneumatic telescopic rod, the bottom end of the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the ground surface of the feeding bin, the top end of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the free end of the baffle plate, and the other end of the baffle plate far away from the free end is connected with a rotating shaft arranged on the side wall of the feeding bin;
a biogas slurry spray header is arranged above the baffle plate of the feeding bin and is connected with the biogas slurry pool through a first liquid conveying pipe; the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a backflow hole, and the backflow hole is connected with the biogas slurry pool through a second liquid conveying pipe;
the transmission device is in wireless connection with the plc control system; the conveying device is a bucket conveyor, and the feeding bin and the fermentation bin are connected through the bucket conveyor;
the fermentation bin is connected with a stirring device which is in wireless connection with the plc control system; the stirring device comprises a high-flow self-priming pump, a conveying pipeline and a spraying pipeline; one end of the conveying pipeline extends into the bottom of the fermentation bin, and the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the high-flow self-priming pump; one end of the spraying pipeline is communicated with the conveying pipeline through a high-flow self-priming pump, and the other end of the spraying pipeline is provided with a spraying port which is positioned at the upper part in the fermentation bin;
the discharging bin is connected with the fermentation bin through a discharging pipeline, and a weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of the discharging bin.
As a further optimization of the scheme, two cutting devices are arranged, and the two cutting devices are oppositely arranged on the outer surface of the pipe wall of the feeding pipe. Still further, the cutting device includes a first drive motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirring wing.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the baffle comprises an inner groove body and an outer groove body with free ends both open; the inner groove body is connected with the outer groove body through a weighing sensor, the inner groove body receives raw materials input by a feeding pipeline and weighs through the weighing sensor, and the outer bottom surface of the outer groove body is connected with a pneumatic telescopic rod and one end far away from a free end is connected with a rotating shaft.
As a further optimization of the above solution, a filter screen is provided on the reflow aperture.
As a further optimization of the above solution, the bucket conveyor comprises a driving device, a housing, and two traction chains, a hopper, a head wheel and a tail wheel which are parallel to each other and positioned in the housing; the shell comprises a feeding section, a buffer section and a discharging section, wherein the feeding section is inclined from the bottom of the feeding bin to the top of the fermentation bin, the buffer section is horizontally arranged, and the discharging section extends into the fermentation bin; the hopper is connected with two traction chains respectively through a connecting ring, the head pulley and the tail pulley are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively, and the traction chains are driven by the driving device to realize driving traction of the hopper through the action of the head pulley and the tail pulley.
As a further optimization of the scheme, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the conveying pipeline and the spraying pipeline; and an ejector is arranged at the spraying opening of the spraying pipeline.
The invention also provides a management method of the fermentation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, controlling materials in a fermentation bin to flow to a discharge bin through a discharge pipeline by a plc control system;
s2, a plc control system records the outflow of materials in the fermentation bin and controls the cutting device to work;
s3, a plc control system records the weight of the material on the baffle plate and controls the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank to be sprayed into the material;
s4, after the biogas slurry spraying is completed, the plc control system controls the lifting device to work, so that the materials on the baffle plate fall into the conveying device;
s5, the plc control system controls the conveying device to work and conveys materials to the fermentation bin;
s6, the plc control system controls the stirring device to enable the materials to circularly flow, and stirring action is completed.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) According to the invention, the mobile terminal and/or plc control system can be used for carrying out crushing pretreatment on the feed straws and automatically adjusting the feed speed, so that the feed system of the biogas engineering can be operated orderly, efficiently and accurately.
(2) According to the invention, the first liquid conveying pipe is connected with the biogas slurry spray header positioned in the feeding bin, and the pretreatment device is arranged above the feeding bin, so that the straw raw material can be subjected to infiltration treatment, and after the straw raw material is subjected to full infiltration treatment, the pretreatment effect on the straw raw material can be achieved, the straw raw material is convenient to transport, and the problems of floating and crusting of the straw immersed in the fermentation tank in the past are solved.
(3) Through being equipped with the baffle in the feeding storehouse, through detecting the pressure value of the weight sensor on the baffle, and then control elevating gear drives the baffle and incline, be convenient for fall on conveyer with the straw accuracy of pretreatment, the straw volume that conveyer will carry of control that also can be accurate simultaneously.
(4) The filter screen at the bottom of the feeding bin filters the biogas slurry, and simultaneously, redundant biogas slurry is recycled to the biogas slurry tank through the second liquid conveying pipe, so that the recycling of the biogas slurry is realized, and the device has good economic and environmental protection effects.
(5) The device has the advantages that the device is simple in structure and convenient to overhaul, all pipeline devices are all installed outside the fermentation bin, so that the influence caused by equipment damage or overhaul is not needed, and if the large-flow self-priming pump is damaged or overhauled, the corresponding equipment is only required to be closed through the plc control system, and the equipment can be removed for replacement or maintenance.
(6) By adopting the water circulation technology, the fermentation materials in the fermentation bin are used as carriers, the effect of stirring the fermentation materials in the fermentation bin is realized in a circulating mode by pressurizing by using a high-flow self-sucking pump, and the problems of fermentation discharge caused by the operation, management and overhaul of equipment in the actual production process of methane engineering are solved.
(7) The fermentation materials in the fermentation bin are used as carriers by adopting a water circulation technology, the fermentation materials in the fermentation bin are stirred in a circulating mode by utilizing a high-flow self-sucking pump to realize the functions of pressurizing, so that the fermentation materials and bacteria in the methane tank are uniformly distributed, the methane bacteria fully contact the fermentation materials, the nutrition is good, the growth and propagation are rapid, the upper crust is broken, the methane attached to the fermentation materials generated by the upper layer is aggregated into large bubbles by the small bubbles, and the gas yield is improved.
(8) Through plc control system, can be effectual carry out ejection of compact and feeding management to fermentation storehouse, accurate and effectual assurance biogas bacterium has sufficient food to carry out normal metabolism, makes the gas production normal and lasting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a biogas digester fermentation management system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermentation tank with stirring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a biogas slurry spray header and baffle cooperating structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a fermentation management method of the biogas digester;
in the figure: 1. a feeding bin; 11. a cutting device; 111. a first driving motor; 112. a stirring shaft; 113. stirring wings; 12. a pretreatment device; 121. a lifting device; 122. a baffle; 123. a rotating shaft; 13. biogas slurry spray header; 14. a feed conduit; 2. a biogas slurry pond; 3. a plc control system; 4. a transport system; 5. a fermentation bin; 51. a stirring device; 512. a delivery conduit; 513. a high flow self priming pump; 514. a spray pipe; 515. a spray port; 6. a conveying system; 61. a first liquid conveying pipe; 62. and a second liquid conveying pipe.
Detailed Description
A fermentation device for straw biogas engineering, as shown in figure 1, comprises a feeding bin 1, a biogas slurry tank 2, a plc control system 3, a conveying system 4, a fermentation bin 5, a mobile terminal, a conveying system 6 and a discharging bin.
The feeding bin 1 is used for carrying in and treating raw materials such as crop straws, weeds, livestock manure and the like, and comprises a feeding pipeline 14, a cutting device 11, a pretreatment device 12 and a biogas slurry spray header 13.
The feeding pipe 14 may be a common metal or nonmetal transportation pipe, and is used for transporting raw materials such as crop straw, weeds, and livestock manure, and further, the raw materials mainly refer to straw in this embodiment. The cutting device 11 is a pulverizer in this embodiment, the pulverizer is connected with the plc control system 3 through a wireless connection mode, the specific cutting device 11 includes a first driving motor 111, a stirring shaft 112 and a stirring wing 113 (as shown in fig. 3), the raw materials put in through the feeding pipeline 14 can be subjected to cutting treatment of the cutting device 11, and two cutting devices 11 are respectively and fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of two opposite side walls of the feeding pipeline 14. The pretreatment device 12 is used for pretreating the cut raw materials and is connected with the plc control system 3 in a wireless connection mode, and comprises a weighing sensor, a lifting device 121, a baffle 122 and a rotating shaft 123, wherein the weighing sensor is a device for converting a mass signal into a measurable electric signal and outputting the measurable electric signal, and is divided into 8 types of photoelectric type, hydraulic type, electromagnetic force type, capacitance type, magnetic pole deformation type, vibration type, gyroscope type, resistance strain type and the like according to a conversion method, and the weighing sensor is specifically a resistance strain type weighing sensor in the embodiment; the lifting device 121 is a plurality of pneumatic telescopic rods in the embodiment, one end of the pneumatic telescopic rods is fixedly arranged on the ground surface of the feeding bin 1, and the other end of the pneumatic telescopic rods is connected with one end of the baffle plate 122; the other end of the baffle 122 is connected with a rotating shaft 123 arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the feeding bin 1.
The weighing sensor is mounted on the baffle 122, and specifically, the baffle 122 has at least two layers, including an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate; the upper layer plate receives the throwing of raw materials, the lower layer plate is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the side wall of the feeding bin 1 and the lifting device 121 through the rotating shaft 123, and the weighing sensor is installed between the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate and used for weighing the weight of the raw materials received by the upper layer plate by taking the lower layer plate as a supporting surface.
The biogas slurry spray header 13 is arranged on the side wall of the feeding bin 1, is connected with the biogas slurry pond 2 outside the feeding bin 1 through a first liquid conveying pipe 61, and is used for spraying out the conveyed biogas slurry so as to wet the raw materials. The bottom of the feeding bin 1 is provided with a backflow hole, and the backflow hole is in circulating connection with the biogas slurry pond 2 through a second conveying liquid pipe 62, so that waste liquid generated after spraying is conveyed back to the biogas slurry pond 2; the first liquid conveying pipe 61 and the second liquid conveying pipe 62 may be common metal or nonmetal conveying pipes. A filter screen is fixedly arranged on the reflow hole, and is a metal or nonmetal screen, so that raw materials are prevented from entering the second conveying liquid pipe 62 to cause raw material waste and blockage of the second conveying liquid pipe 62.
The plc control system 3 comprises a communication module, a display module and a processing module; wherein the communication module includes, but is not limited to, bluetooth, wifi, NFC, NB-IOT, GPRS, loRa; display modules including, but not limited to, LCD (liquid crystal display), TFT screen, UFB screen, STN screen, TFD screen, OLED screen, ASV screen, etc. By arranging a soft keyboard having keys such as a numeric input key, a mode setting key, a decision key, a cancel key, a power key, and the like on the display module, an input by a user via the display module can be received; the processing module comprises an MCU processor;
the conveying system is connected with the plc control system 3 in a wireless connection mode, namely a conveying device in the embodiment, and is further a common bucket conveyor, and the conveying system comprises a driving device (comprising a backstop device), a shell (comprising a horizontal section, a redirecting section and a vertical section), and a traction chain, a hopper, a head wheel and a tail wheel which are positioned in the shell; the two ends of the shell are provided with a feeding section and a discharging section, and the two sides of the hopper are respectively connected with two parallel traction chains through a connecting ring. Which is used for conveying the raw materials processed in the feeding bin 1 to the fermentation bin 5.
The fermentation bin 5 is connected and provided with a stirring device 51, and the stirring device 51 is connected with the plc control system 3 in a wireless connection mode; the stirring device 51 comprises a plurality of electromagnetic valves, a conveying pipeline 512, a high-flow self-priming pump 513, a spraying pipeline 514 and a spraying port 515; the electromagnetic valves are respectively positioned in the conveying pipeline 512 and the spraying pipeline 514; the self-priming pump of the large-flow self-priming pump 513 belongs to a self-priming centrifugal pump, and particularly adopts a ZW type self-priming non-blocking sewage pump in the embodiment, is a novel pump which integrates self-priming and sewage disposal and is developed according to the structures and performances of the ZX type self-priming centrifugal pump and the QW type submersible sewage pump, and can not only be used for installing a bottom valve and filling water like a common clean water self-priming pump, but also be used for sucking sewage, sediment, waste ore impurities, excrement treatment and all engineering sewage and colloid liquid, wherein the diameter of the sewage contains 60% of the diameter of a large-particle solid and the fiber length is 1.5 times of the diameter of an impeller. One end of the conveying pipeline 512 is connected with a high-flow self-priming pump 513, and the other end is communicated with the fermentation bin 5; one end of the spraying pipeline 514 is connected with the conveying pipeline 512 through a high-flow self-priming pump 513, and the other end of the spraying pipeline is provided with a spraying port 515; the spraying ports 515 are positioned in the fermentation bin 5 and distributed at different positions in the fermentation bin 5; an ejector is provided at the spray port 515.
The mobile terminal is wirelessly connected with the plc control system 3 in a wireless connection manner, so that a user can manage and control the plc control system 3 conveniently, and the plc control system comprises, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a notebook computer, a tablet personal computer, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a personal computer or an internet device with a touch display screen and an information processing function.
The conveying system 6 comprises a first conveying liquid pipe 61 and a second conveying liquid pipe 62; the first liquid conveying pipe 61 and the second liquid conveying pipe 62 may be common metal or nonmetal conveying pipes. The first liquid conveying pipe 61 is connected with the biogas slurry pond 2 outside the feeding bin 1, and the second liquid conveying pipe 62 is circularly connected with the biogas slurry pond 2.
The discharging bin is connected with the fermentation bin 5 through a discharging pipeline; the discharging pipeline can be a common metal or nonmetal transportation pipeline and is provided with an electromagnetic valve; the bottom of the discharging bin is provided with a weighing device; the weighing sensor is a device for converting a mass signal into a measurable electric signal and outputting the electric signal, and is divided into 8 types of photoelectric type, hydraulic type, electromagnetic force type, capacitance type, magnetic pole deformation type, vibration type, gyroscope type, resistance strain type and the like according to a conversion method, and is specifically a resistance strain type weighing sensor in the embodiment.
The fermentation management method of the fermentation device comprises the following steps:
s1, controlling the material in a fermentation bin 5 to flow to a discharge bin through a plc control system 3;
s2, a plc control system 3 records the outflow of materials in the fermentation bin 5 and controls a cutting device 11 to work;
s3, the plc control system 3 records the weight of the material on the baffle 122 and controls the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank 2 to be sprayed into the material;
s4, after the biogas slurry spraying is completed, the plc control system 3 controls the lifting device 121 to work, so that the materials on the baffle 122 fall into the conveying device;
s5, the plc control system 3 controls the conveying device to work and conveys materials to the fermentation bin 5;
s6, the plc control system 3 controls the stirring device 51 to enable the materials to circularly flow, and stirring action is completed;
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1: (daily discharge feed State)
The user controls parameters of the plc control system 3 through the APP arranged on the mobile terminal, and the plc control system 3 controls the electromagnetic valve in the discharging pipeline to work according to the corresponding operation instruction, so that the old materials in the fermentation bin 5 flow out to the discharging bin through the discharging pipeline; the weighing device at the bottom of the discharging bin records the outflow of old materials in the fermentation bin 5 in real time and sends the value to the plc control system 3; wherein the outflow of the old material is generally 5% of the total amount of the fermentation bin 5.
At this time, the straw material is put into the feed pipe 14 of the feed bin 1, and the straw material passes through the cutting device 11 provided below the feed pipe 14. When the plc control system 3 controls the electromagnetic valve in the discharging pipeline to complete the work, the plc control system 3 controls the first driving motor 111 to work, the first driving motor 111 drives the stirring shaft 112 to rotate, and the stirring shaft 112 drives the stirring wing 113 to crush and stir the straw materials, in the scheme, the stirring wing 113 can adopt blades; the user can customize the rotation speed and the working time of the first driving motor 111 through the mobile terminal. For example, preferably, when the output of the old material in the current discharging bin is 1000 jin, the rotation speed of the first driving motor 111 is 4300 revolutions, and the working time is 15 minutes.
The cut straw materials fall onto a baffle plate 122 in the feeding bin 1, and a weight sensor arranged on the baffle plate 122 performs weighing measurement on the straw materials and transmits the measured values to a plc control system 3 and a mobile terminal; at this time, the plc control system 3 controls the electromagnetic valve in the first liquid conveying pipe 61 to work, and sprays the biogas slurry on the cut straw material through the spray pipe, preferably, the ratio of the biogas slurry to the straw material is 1:2 or 1:3; when the weight of the straw material sprayed with the biogas slurry reaches 1000 jin, the plc control system 3 controls the lifting device 121 below the baffle 122 to work, for example, the lifting device 121 drives the baffle 122 to incline by descending the lifting rod below the baffle 122, so that the straw material on the baffle 122 falls into the conveying device; wherein, the user can customize the weight value of the lifting device 121 through the mobile terminal and send the weight value to the plc control system 3. More preferably, the weight value is consistent with the current weight flowing out of the discharging bin.
When the first driving motor 111 stops working and the lifting device 121 starts working, the plc control system 3 controls the driving device (the second driving motor) of the conveying system 4 to work, and the second driving motor drives and drives the hopper to convey through the traction chain, and the hopper conveys straw materials into the fermentation bin 5;
when straw materials are conveyed into the fermentation bin 5, the plc control system 3 controls the high-flow self-sucking pump 513 and electromagnetic valves positioned in the conveying pipeline 512 and the spraying pipeline 514 to work, fermentation materials are pumped from the bottom of the fermentation bin 5 through the high-flow self-sucking pump 513, enter from the bottom pipeline through the high-flow self-sucking pump 513 and then are conveyed along the pipeline, the fermentation materials are pumped into the spraying pipeline 514 through the conveying pipeline 512, a spraying port 515 and an ejector are arranged on one side, close to the fermentation bin 5, of the spraying pipeline 514, the fermentation materials are further ejected into the fermentation bin 5 through the spraying port 515, the flow rate of the ejected fermentation materials is improved through the ejector and used for breaking shells of the fermentation materials at the top of the fermentation bin 5, and floating objects in the fermentation bin 5 are prevented from crusting, so that stirring treatment of the fermentation materials in the fermentation bin 5 is realized.
Example 2: (initial feed state)
Straw material is placed in the feed pipe 14 of the feed bin 1, and the straw material passes through the cutting device 11 arranged below the feed pipe 14. When the plc control system 3 controls the electromagnetic valve in the discharging pipeline to complete the work, the plc control system 3 controls the first driving motor 111 to work, the first driving motor 111 drives the stirring shaft 112 to rotate, and the stirring shaft 112 drives the stirring wing 113 to select, so that the straw material is crushed and stirred; the user can customize the rotation speed and the working time of the first driving motor 111 through the mobile terminal. For example, in the default initial state, the rotation speed of the first driving motor 111 is 4300 rotations, and the operation time is 20 minutes.
The cut straw materials fall onto a baffle plate 122 in the feeding bin 1, and a weight sensor arranged on the baffle plate 122 performs weighing measurement on the straw materials and transmits the measured values to a plc control system 3 and a mobile terminal; at this time, the plc control system 3 controls the electromagnetic valve in the first liquid conveying pipe 61 to work, and sprays biogas slurry on the cut straw material through the spray pipe, wherein the ratio of the biogas slurry to the straw material is 1:2 or 1:3; when the weight of the straw material sprayed with the biogas slurry reaches 5000 jin, the plc control system 3 controls the lifting device 121 below the baffle 122 to work, for example, the lifting device 121 drives the baffle 122 to incline by descending the lifting rod below the baffle 122, so that the straw material on the baffle 122 falls into the conveying device; wherein, the user can customize the weight value of the lifting device 121 through the mobile terminal and send the weight value to the plc control system 3.
When the first driving motor 111 stops working and the lifting device 121 starts working, the plc control system 3 controls the driving device (i.e. the second driving motor) of the conveying system to work, and the second driving motor drives the conveying device to convey the straw materials through the hopper, and the hopper conveys the straw materials into the fermentation bin 5.
When straw materials are conveyed into the fermentation bin 5, the plc control system 3 controls the high-flow self-sucking pump 513 and electromagnetic valves positioned in the conveying pipeline 512 and the spraying pipeline 514 to work, fermentation materials are pumped from the bottom of the fermentation bin 5 through the high-flow self-sucking pump 513, enter from the bottom pipeline through the high-flow self-sucking pump 513 and then are conveyed along the pipeline, the fermentation materials are pumped into the spraying pipeline 514 through the conveying pipeline 512, a spraying port 515 and an ejector are arranged on one side, close to the fermentation bin 5, of the spraying pipeline 514, the fermentation materials are further ejected into the fermentation bin 5 through the spraying port 515, the flow rate of the ejected fermentation materials is improved through the ejector and used for breaking shells of the fermentation materials at the top of the fermentation bin 5, and floating objects in the fermentation bin 5 are prevented from crusting, so that stirring treatment of the fermentation materials in the fermentation bin 5 is realized.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are to be understood as illustrative, and not limiting, the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit or scope.
Claims (5)
1. A fermenting installation for straw marsh gas engineering, its characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding bin, a biogas slurry pool, a plc control system, a mobile terminal connected with the plc control system, a conveying device, a fermentation bin and a discharging bin;
the feeding bin comprises a feeding pipeline for inputting raw materials, a cutting device for crushing the raw materials and a pretreatment device; the cutting device and the preprocessing device are both in wireless connection with the plc control system; the cutting device is fixedly arranged on the pipe wall of the feeding pipeline and comprises a first driving motor, a stirring shaft and stirring wings; the pretreatment device comprises a baffle plate for receiving raw materials, a weighing sensor for weighing the raw materials and a lifting device arranged below the baffle plate, wherein the lifting device is a pneumatic telescopic rod, the bottom end of the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the ground surface of the feeding bin, the top end of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the free end of the baffle plate, and the other end of the baffle plate far away from the free end is connected with a rotating shaft arranged on the side wall of the feeding bin; the baffle comprises an inner groove body and an outer groove body, wherein the free ends of the inner groove body and the outer groove body are all open; the inner tank body is connected with the outer tank body through a weighing sensor, the inner tank body receives raw materials input by a feeding pipeline and weighs the raw materials through the weighing sensor, the outer bottom surface of the outer tank body is connected with a pneumatic telescopic rod, and one end far away from the free end is connected with a rotating shaft;
a biogas slurry spray header is arranged above the baffle plate of the feeding bin and is connected with the biogas slurry pool through a first liquid conveying pipe; the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a backflow hole, and the backflow hole is connected with the biogas slurry pool through a second liquid conveying pipe;
the transmission device is in wireless connection with the plc control system; the conveying device is a bucket conveyor, and the feeding bin and the fermentation bin are connected through the bucket conveyor;
the fermentation bin is connected with a stirring device which is in wireless connection with the plc control system; the stirring device comprises a high-flow self-priming pump, a conveying pipeline and a spraying pipeline; one end of the conveying pipeline extends into the bottom of the fermentation bin, and the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the high-flow self-priming pump; one end of the spraying pipeline is communicated with the conveying pipeline through a high-flow self-priming pump, and the other end of the spraying pipeline is provided with a spraying port which is positioned at the upper part in the fermentation bin;
the discharging bin is connected with the fermentation bin through a discharging pipeline, and a weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of the discharging bin;
the fermentation device is managed by the following method:
s1, controlling materials in a fermentation bin to flow to a discharge bin through a discharge pipeline by a plc control system;
s2, a plc control system records the outflow of materials in the fermentation bin and controls the cutting device to work;
s3, a plc control system records the weight of the material on the baffle plate and controls the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank to be sprayed into the material;
s4, after the biogas slurry spraying is completed, the plc control system controls the lifting device to work, so that the materials on the baffle plate fall into the conveying device;
s5, the plc control system controls the conveying device to work and conveys materials to the fermentation bin;
s6, the plc control system controls the stirring device to enable the materials to circularly flow, and stirring action is completed.
2. The fermentation device for straw biogas engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the two cutting devices are oppositely arranged on the outer surface of the pipe wall of the feeding pipe.
3. The fermentation device for straw biogas engineering according to claim 1, wherein: a filter screen is arranged on the reflow hole.
4. The fermentation device for straw biogas engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the bucket conveyor comprises a driving device, a shell, two traction chains which are parallel to each other and positioned in the shell, a hopper, a head wheel and a tail wheel; the shell comprises a feeding section, a buffer section and a discharging section, wherein the feeding section is inclined from the bottom of the feeding bin to the top of the fermentation bin, the buffer section is horizontally arranged, and the discharging section extends into the fermentation bin; the hopper is connected with two traction chains respectively through a connecting ring, the head pulley and the tail pulley are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively, and the traction chains are driven by the driving device to realize driving traction of the hopper through the action of the head pulley and the tail pulley.
5. The fermentation device for straw biogas engineering according to claim 1, wherein: electromagnetic valves are arranged on the conveying pipeline and the spraying pipeline; and an ejector is arranged at the spraying opening of the spraying pipeline.
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