RU58856U1 - BAR GARDEN SPRAYER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to machines for chemical plant protection and can be used for spraying, foliar feeding and moistening of fruit stands. The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the productivity and quality of spraying depending on the age of fruit trees, reduce losses working fluid by changing the installation parameters of the nebulizers. The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows. The proposed design includes vertically rotating disk sprayers mounted on a rod on two sides of a fruit tree with the ability to change the distance both from the axis of a row of fruit trees and their height, while the disk sprayers rotate in opposite directions, and the angles of opening of the spray torch are working fluids are adjustable within 40 ... 50 ° depending on the radius of the disk and the distance from fruit trees, which allows to increase the quality of spraying of young fruit stands. For spraying fruit-bearing fruit trees, hydraulic sprayers are installed in the upper and lower parts of the vertical flexible pipe with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination in the vertical plane and adjustable relative to each other at an angle of 30 ... 45 °. The garden sprayer contains a tank mounted on a frame with a running gear, suction and discharge communications, piston and centrifugal pumps, a distributor, pressure regulators, filters, a lift with a central and side booms with vertically rotating disk and hydraulic sprayers mounted on vertical flexible pipelines.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to machines for chemical plant protection and can be used for spraying, foliar feeding and moistening of fruit stands.

State of the art

Known sprayers ONM-600, SUMO-24, consisting of a chassis, a tank, a centrifugal pump with electric drive, suction and discharge communications, a distributor, central and side rods, horizontally rotating disk sprayers [1].

The disadvantage of these sprayers is the horizontal arrangement of disk sprayers: the droplets sprayed by them are deposited on plants due to gravity, which reduces the efficiency of spraying fruit plantations and increases the drift of the droplets of the working fluid by the wind.

Known wide-gang boom sprayer, consisting of a tank with a working fluid, a pump, suction and discharge communications, racks, horizontal lateral rods, vertical rods with spraying working bodies and flexible elastic rods [2].

The disadvantage of this sprayer is the presence of flexible elastic rods mounted on vertical rods, which leads to churning of fruits and causing mechanical damage to fruit stands.

Known sucker ultra-low-volume sprayer, consisting of a tank, a pump with electric drive, suction and discharge communications, central and side rods, vertically rotating disk sprayers [3].

The disadvantage of this sprayer is the large opening angle of the spray torch of the working fluid, and the rotation of all disk sprayers occurs in one direction, which ensures high spraying efficiency when processing field crops, and such an opening angle is not acceptable for processing fruit stands.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and accepted by the authors for the prototype is a sprayer for orchards and vineyards, consisting of tanks, a pump, a suction and pressure lines, droppers, rotary sprayers and vertical rods with spray tips [4].

The disadvantage of this sprayer is its low productivity, since two vertical booms with spray tips installed on the sides of the sprayer can process only two half-rows.

To increase the efficiency of spraying fruit stands in intensive mountain and piedmont gardening, sprayers must simultaneously process several rows of fruit trees, provide different working fluid flow rates from full to small and ultra-low-volume spraying, depending on the age of the fruit stands.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality indicators of the sprayers by providing optimal working conditions for the sprayers with the introduction of different working fluid flow rates

from full to small and ultra-low-volume spraying, depending on the age of fruit trees.

Increased productivity is ensured by the optimal installation of spray guns.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the productivity and quality of spraying, depending on the age of the fruit trees, reduce the loss of working fluid by changing the installation parameters of the sprayers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the sprayer contains a tank mounted on a frame with a running gear, suction and discharge communications, piston and centrifugal pumps, a distributor, pressure regulators, filters, a hoist with a central and side rods, on which motors with vertically rotating motors are mounted via holders disc sprayers, and hydraulic sprayers are attached to the side rods by means of fittings, tees and vertically arranged flexible pipelines, Moreover, the delivery communication is equipped with additional filters in front of the side bars.

The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows.

The proposed design includes vertically rotating disk sprayers mounted on a rod on two sides of a fruit tree with the ability to change the distance both from the axis of a row of fruit trees and their height, while the disk sprayers rotate in opposite directions, and the angles of opening of the spray torch are working fluids are adjustable in the range from 40 to 50 ° depending on the radius of the disk and the distance from fruit trees, which allows to increase the quality of spraying of young fruit trees. For spraying fruit-bearing fruit trees, hydraulic sprayers are installed in the upper and lower parts of the vertical flexible pipe with the possibility of

changes in the angle of inclination in the vertical plane and adjustable relative to each other at an angle of 30 ... 45 °.

Due to the ability to change the installation angles of the nozzles, the qualitative indicators of spraying are significantly improved and the flow rate of the working fluid is reduced.

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a garden sprayer, front view and top view.

Figure 2 shows a diagram for determining the opening angle of the spray torch of vertically rotating disk sprayers when spraying a fruit tree.

Figure 3 shows the dependence of the angles of opening and closing of the spray torch on the radius of a vertically rotating disk sprayer with a fruit tree height of 1.5 m and a sprayer installation height of 1.7 m.

Implementation of a utility model.

Shown in figure 1, a barbell garden sprayer consists of a tank 1 mounted on a Central frame 2 with a running gear 3.

In front of the tank 1, a piston pump 4 is installed on the frame 2 with a drive from the power take-off shaft 5 of the tractor 6 with a suction 7 and pressure 8 pipelines, a filter 9 and a pressure regulator 10. The pressure pipe 8 runs along the bottom of the tank 1 and is directed to the rear of the frame 2, where through the side pipelines 11, the filters 12 and the fittings 13 are hydraulically connected to the bottom of the side rods 14, made in the form of square pipes to which the fittings are welded 15. A tee 16 is screwed into the fitting 15, to which a vertical flexible pipe 17 is attached with three ynikom 18. In the upper and lower parts of the vertical flexible

of the pipe 17, hydraulic sprayers 19 are installed with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination in the vertical plane and adjustable relative to each other at an angle γ = 30 ... 45 °, following the row-spacing of fruit trees 20.

The range of variation of the angle γ from 30 to 45 ° is determined constructively on the basis of the condition that the crown of the fruit tree 20 is completely covered with working fluid, depending on the height of the tree 20.

At the rear of the tank 1, a hoist 21 is fixedly mounted on the frame 2 with a central rod 22, which is raised and lowered by means of the hydraulic cylinder 23. Side rods 14 are pivotally mounted on both sides to the central rod 22.

An electric centrifugal pump 24 (not shown in FIG.), A distributor 25, a filter 26, a fluid flow regulator 27, a suction 28 and a discharge 29 pipelines are attached to the lower rear part of the frame 2. The discharge pipe 29 using clamps (not numbered in Fig.) Is mounted on top of the bottom of the side rods 14 and is hydraulically connected to vertically rotating disk sprayers 30. Electric motors 31 with vertically rotating disk sprayers 30 are attached to the bottom of the side rods 14 by means of holders made in in the form of a bracket with an adjusting bolt (not numbered in Fig.) with the possibility of changing the distance from the axis of a row of fruit trees 20 and mounted on both sides of the trees 20. Moreover, rotation of -disc sprayers 30 directed in opposite directions, and the angle of the spray plume disclosure working fluid is regulated between 40 ... 50 °, depending on the radius of the disk and the distance from a fruit tree, which improves the quality of spraying of young fruit trees 20.

The installation height of vertically rotating disk sprayers 30 above the fruit trees 20 is regulated by the hydraulic cylinder 23 of the lift 21 by raising and lowering the central 22 and side 14 rods.

Power supply drive vertically rotating disk sprayers 30 and a centrifugal pump 24 is carried out from the generator (Fig. Not shown) of the tractor 6.

The sprayer is controlled from the tractor cabin 6 by turning the power take-off shaft 5 of the tractor 6 on and off, the centrifugal pump 24 and the vertically rotating disk sprayers 30 and using the hydraulic system (not shown) to raise and lower the rods 22 and 14. Folding and unfolding side rods 14 are made manually. The rate of flow of the working fluid is regulated by the pressure in the injection communication and the speed of the tractor 6. The adjustment of the working fluid pressure is carried out by rotating the handwheel (not shown) of the pressure regulator 10 and is controlled by a manometer (not shown).

The technological process of spraying is as follows.

When fully or small-volume spraying of fruiting fruit trees 20, the piston pump 4 sucks the working fluid from the tank 1 through the suction pipe 7 and delivers to the pressure regulator 10 through the pressure filter 9. From the pressure regulator 10, part of the working fluid through the discharge pipe 8 and side piping 11 through the filters 12 and fittings 13 enters the inside of the lower part of the side rods 14. Next, the working fluid enters the vertical flexible pipelines 17 and hydraulic nozzles 19, with which processing of crowns of fruit trees 20. Another part is fed to a water mixer (not shown in Fig.). Excess fluid along the drain line (not shown in FIG.) Is returned to tank 1.

When ultra-low-volume spraying of young fruit trees 20, the centrifugal pump 23 draws the working fluid from the tank 1 through the filter 26 and feeds it to the control panel of the dispenser 25 and flow control

fluid 27. Next, the working fluid through the discharge pipe 29 enters the vertically rotating disk nozzles 30.

With the vertical arrangement of the disk sprayers 30, only a part of the circular spray torch is used, which is directed directly to the fruit tree. The rest of the torch is shielded by a casing (not numbered in Fig.), With the help of which the working fluid is collected in a collector (not shown in Fig.) And aspirated by a pump (not shown in Fig.). In this case, continuous circulation of the working fluid due to the return of the unused part to the tank 1 of the sprayer.

The sprayer works as follows.

Having come to a constant tramline in the aisle of the garden according to the planting scheme (Fig. 1), the lateral rods 14 are laid out manually, set to the required height and vertical flexible pipes 17 with hydraulic nozzles 19 are connected to the lateral rods 14.

By turning on the power take-off shaft 5 of the tractor 6 and gradually increasing the speed to the nominal or turning on the motors of the centrifugal pump 24 and the vertically rotating disk sprayers 30, they begin to move along the aisle.

When leaving the aisle, the tractor 6 is stopped along the tramline, the centrifugal pump 24 motors and the vertically rotating disk sprayers 30 are turned off, the side rods 14 are folded manually, a turn is made, the next constant tramline is called in and the spraying process is continued.

Figure 2 shows a diagram for determining the opening angle of the spray torch of vertically rotating disk sprayers when spraying a fruit tree.

The opening angle of the spray torch of the working fluid of a vertically rotating disk atomizer is determined by the formula:

where α ₂ is the angle of opening of the spray torch, deg; α ₁ - angle of closure of the spray pattern, deg.

The opening and closing angles of the spray torch are calculated by the formulas:

where l _p is the distance from the central axis of the fruit tree to the place of attachment of the sprayer on the sprayer boom, m; h _p - atomizer installation height from the ground, m; r _p is the radius of the disk atomizer, m; Δh = h _p -h _∂ - clearance of the sprayer boom over the tops of fruit trees, m; h _∂ is the height of the fruit tree, m

The calculation results are shown in figure 3.

The proposed design in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- high performance;

- minimization of losses of working fluid;

- the ability to simultaneously process two rows of fruit trees;

 the ability to provide various working fluid flow rates from full to small and ultra-low-volume spraying, depending on the age of fruit trees;

- high quality processing of fruit stands when using commercially available hydraulic sprayers;

- does not require the manufacture of expensive nodes.

Information sources

1. Savushkin S. N., Vyalykh V. A. Sprayers // Protection and Quarantine of Plants, No. 12, 2003. - p. 37 ... 39.

2. Grabko I.D., Komanich G.P., Komanich G.G. Wide-boom boom sprayer // AS of the USSR for the invention No. 1079228, bull. No. 10 dated 03/15/84, A 01 M 7/00, 1984.

3. Belyaev EA, Chentsov VV Some features of the development of ultra-low-volume sprayer designs // Tractors and agricultural machines, No. 3, 1983. - p.15 ... 18.

4. Shanidze M.I., Koberidze G.T. Sprayer for orchards and vineyards // AS of the USSR for the invention No. 1349746, bull. No. 41 dated 07.11.87, A 01 M 7/00, 1987.

Claims (2)

1. A garden sprayer containing a tank mounted on a frame with a running gear, suction and discharge communications, piston and centrifugal pumps, a distributor, pressure regulators, filters, a lift with a central and side boom with vertically rotating disc sprayers and hydraulic sprayers mounted on flexible pipelines, characterized in that the vertically rotating disk sprayers are mounted on the rod on both sides of the fruit tree with the possibility of changing the distance both the axis of the row of fruit trees, and their height, wherein the rotation disk atomizers directed in opposite directions, and angles disclosure spray torch working fluid is adjustable between 40 ... 50 °, depending on the radius of the disk and the distance from the fruit tree. 2. The sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic sprayers are installed in the upper and lower parts of the vertical flexible pipe with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination in the vertical plane and adjustable relative to each other at an angle of 30 ... 45.