RU50570U1 - RECONSTRUCTED RESIDENTIAL BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction. The building according to the invention comprises an old part having at least two floors, an extension, a monolithic floor, placed above the old part and an extension, as well as a superstructure part mounted at least on a part of the area of the monolithic floor. Moreover, the extension is formed by two attached parts located on opposite longitudinal sides of the old part. Each of these parts includes an external wall, the supporting elements of which are supports for monolithic overlapping - vertical columns installed on an independent foundation at a predetermined distance from the corresponding wall of the old part to a height, providing the possibility of an additional residential floor between the coating of the last floor of the old part and monolithic overlap. Each column has horizontal cantilever beams rigidly connected or made with it in a single unit, located at the level of each overlap of the old part essentially orthogonal to its wall. Cantilever beams are load-bearing elements of balcony slabs of loggias made in the space between the outer wall of each attached part and the corresponding wall of the old part, while the balcony slabs are installed with a sealed gap relative to the latter. Compared with the prior art, the reconstructed building is characterized by a higher adaptability of the reconstruction process, a more rational use of the internal space and the area adjacent to the reconstructed building, and at the same time has improved operational characteristics.

Description

The invention relates to the construction, and can, in particular, be used in the reconstruction of existing residential buildings, for example, large-panel, large-block and brick narrow-housing five or less storey residential buildings with a superstructure of 2 or more floors in urban areas.

A reconstructed residential building is known that contains the old part and the superstructure part located above it (see RF patent No. 2097513, E 04 G 23/00, publ. 11/27/1997). A significant drawback of the known building is that all the loads from its built-in part are transferred to the existing walls and the foundation of the old part, which requires careful preliminary studies of the strength characteristics of the walls and the foundation of the reconstructed building. In addition, for the installation of the superstructure, a protective tent is used, under which the old structures are disassembled and new ones are erected, and at the construction of each new floor of the superstructure the tent is first dismantled and then reassembled at a new level, which significantly increases the complexity and reduces the technological process of reconstruction .

A reconstructed residential building is known containing an old part having at least two floors, an extension, a monolithic slab placed above the old part and an annex, as well as a superstructure part mounted at least on a part of the monolithic overlap area (see patent RF №2112850, E 04 G 23/00, publ. 06/10/1998). In terms of the essential features, the famous building is the closest analogue of the present invention and is selected as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the extension is located only on one side of the old part at least one span wide, as a result of which the reconstruction process can be performed only if there is a sufficiently large area for building from one of the facades of the old part of the building. Given the currently very dense development of the blocks to be reconstructed, this condition cannot always be fulfilled within the framework of the current regulatory requirements for the distance between neighboring buildings. In addition, the prototype provides for the implementation of various types of foundations, and also uses various supporting structures from different sides of the old part of the building, which reduces the manufacturability of the reconstruction process. In addition, the space between the monolithic ceiling and the upper ceiling of the old part of the building is essentially not used in the prototype, which, firstly, is not economically advantageous, and secondly, it actually blocks access to engineering systems and communications passing through this space when the need for installation and repair work, which negatively affects the operational characteristics of the building.

The objective of the present invention is the implementation of the reconstructed residential building, which, in comparison with the known analogues, is characterized by a higher adaptability of the reconstruction process, a more rational use of the internal space and the area adjacent to the reconstructed building, and at the same time has improved operational characteristics.

This problem is solved in that in a reconstructed residential building containing an old part having at least two floors, an extension, a monolithic ceiling located above the old part and the extension, as well as a superstructure part mounted at least on a part of the area monolithic floor, according to the invention, the extension is formed by two attached parts located along

opposite longitudinal sides of the old part, and each of these parts includes an external wall, the supporting elements of which are supports for monolithic overlapping - vertical columns installed on an independent foundation at a given distance from the corresponding wall of the old part to a height, which provides the possibility of completing an additional residential floor between the upper floor of the last floor of the old part and a monolithic floor, and each column is rigidly connected or made with it, for a single unit, horizontal cantilever beams located at the level of each overlap of the old part essentially orthogonal to its wall, moreover, these cantilever beams are load-bearing elements of balcony slabs of loggias made in the space between the outer wall of each attached part and the corresponding wall of the old part, and when this balcony slabs are installed with a sealed gap relative to the latter.

In the particular case, each vertical column with corresponding horizontal cantilever beams can be made monolithic of reinforced concrete.

Vertical columns with horizontal cantilever beams can also be made of metal, with each beam being welded to the corresponding column.

The outer wall of each attached part can be made by masonry or by installing panels or stained-glass windows.

In a particular case, the floor plan in the superstructure of the building may differ from the floor plan in the old part.

In addition, it is preferable to install vertical columns on bored piles.

The invention is explained in more detail below on a specific example of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

- figure 1 shows a reconstructed residential building, a vertical section,

- figure 2 - node a in figure 1.

As shown in figure 1, the reconstructed building contains the old part 1, having two or more floors, on the opposite longitudinal sides of which are attached parts 2 and 3. Above the old 1 and attached 2 and 3 parts there is a monolithic floor 4, preferably performed from reinforced concrete, on all or part of the area of which the superstructure part 5 is mounted.

Each attached part 2 and 3 has an external wall 6, the supporting elements of which are a system (row) of vertical columns 7 installed on an independent foundation 8 at a predetermined distance from the corresponding facade of the old part 1. Vertical columns 7 are also the basis for a monolithic ceiling 4 and their height is selected so that between the monolithic floor 4 and the upper floor 9 of the old part 1, it was possible to build another residential floor 10.

Each vertical column 7 has horizontal cantilever beams 11 located at the level of each floor 12 of the old part 1 of the building perpendicularly (or taking into account the permissible error - almost perpendicularly) to its wall 13. Cantilever beams 11 can be made with column 7 in a single unit (for example, from reinforced concrete) or (as shown in figure 2) can be rigidly connected to it (for example, by welding). In the latter case, the columns 7 and beams 11 are made of metal (for example, steel).

Cantilever beams 11 are load-bearing elements of balcony slabs of loggias 14, performed in the space between the outer wall 6 of each attached part 2 and 3 and the corresponding front wall 13 of the old part 1 of the building. In other words, the entire space of the attached parts is used under the loggia. Moreover, for the formation of sedimentary joints between the old 1 and

the attached 2 and 3 parts of the building, the balcony slabs are not connected rigidly to the corresponding facade wall 13, but are joined through the airtight insert 15, made, for example, from sealant of the construction rubber grade A-Si-Flex-M.

The reconstruction process is as follows.

At a distance specified in the design process of the building from the longitudinal facades of the old part 1, sufficient for loggias (for example, 1.2-1.5 m), a foundation 8 is erected in the form of bored piles lying deeper than the foundation of the old part 1, to which install the vertical columns 7 with cantilever beams 11. The installation step of the columns 7 can be selected, in particular, less than or equal to the distance between the internal transverse enclosing structures of one apartment block in the old part 1 of the building. The use of the same type of columns 7 with horizontal cantilever beams 11, which can be performed in whole or in part in the factory, reduces the complexity and unifies the reconstruction process, making it more technological.

After that, a monolithic ceiling 4 is erected over the columns 7 over the entire length of the old part 1 of the building, which is the supporting support for the added part 5 and the protective diaphragm for the lower building part 1. The monolithic ceiling 4 installed in this way allows the construction of the superstructure part 5 using industrial house building elements simultaneously with the dismantling of the roof of the old part 1, the equipment of the intermediate residential floor 10 and the construction of the outer walls 6 with loggias 14, which significantly reduces the reconstruction time. Transferring the load from the superstructure 5 to the ceiling 4 and the system of load-bearing columns 7, as well as protecting the upper floor of the old part 1 from atmospheric precipitation, allows us to carry out all of the above work without resettling the tenants to ensure their

safety, which increases the economic efficiency of the reconstruction process.

The walls 6 and the balcony slabs of the loggias 14 are either made of reinforced concrete at the same time, or the balcony slabs are made first, and then the walls 6 are made of bricks. After the walls 6 and balcony slabs are completed, columns 7 with cantilevered beams 11 will be hidden in the design of the loggias 14. To update the architectural appearance of the building, the loggia 14 can be made with panoramic glazing. Using the entire space of the attached parts 2 and 3 under the loggia allows you to use the minimum necessary additional area around the old part 1 of the building, as a result of which the reconstruction can be carried out even in conditions of dense development, ensuring compliance with current regulatory requirements.

The superstructure part 5 can be performed by any known method (for example, from large-panel blocks, from monolithic reinforced concrete, etc.). At the same time, the layout of apartments in the superstructure may differ from the layout of apartments in the old part 1, which is especially important when reconstructing buildings with small apartments and, as a result, improves the comfort of the premises with the efficient use of land. In this case, the floor 10, which is built in between floors 4 and 9, is essentially transitional from the layout of the old part 1 of the building to the layout of the built-in part 5. This allows you to combine engineering systems and communications, staircases and elevator halls of the old 1 and superstructure 5 parts of the building.

In any case, i.e. even if the layout of the apartments in the old 1 and superstructure 5 is the same, the connection of the engineering systems and communications of the old 1 and the superstructure 5 parts on the built-in floor 10 provides access to them when it is necessary to carry out repairs, which increases the efficiency of using the building’s internal space and the convenience of its further operation .

Thus, as shown above, the residential building according to the invention eliminates the drawbacks noted in the prior art, as it is characterized by a more technological and economical reconstruction process, efficient use of the interior space and areas adjacent to the old building, greater predicted operational efficiency, improved with from the point of view of safety and comfort by the living conditions of people, and in addition improves the architectural appearance of the built-up area. It should be noted that the described embodiment of the invention is provided only for a better understanding of its essence and confirmation, but not limitation of the scope of claims determined solely by the attached claims.

Claims (12)

1. A reconstructed residential building containing an old part having at least two floors, an extension formed by two attached parts located on opposite longitudinal sides of the old part, a monolithic ceiling, located at least above the old part, as well as the superstructure, at the same time, each and two attached parts includes an external wall, the supporting elements of which are vertical columns installed on an independent foundation at a given distance from the corresponding the old part to a height that allows the additional floor to be built between the old and the built-in parts, each column having horizontal elements rigidly connected or made with it in a single unit, located at the level of each overlap of the old part essentially orthogonal to its wall in the space between the outer wall each attached part and the corresponding wall of the old part, characterized in that the vertical columns are the basis for a monolithic ceiling, which is placed both above the old part and the extension, the superstructure being mounted at least on part of the area of the monolithic floor, while the specified additional floor is made between the covering of the last floor of the old part and the monolithic floor and is residential, in addition, these horizontal elements represent They are horizontal cantilever beams, which are also supporting elements of balcony slabs of loggias installed between the outer wall of each attached part and the corresponding wall of the old parts with a sealed clearance relative to the latter. 2. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that each vertical column with corresponding horizontal cantilever beams is made of reinforced concrete. 3. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical columns with horizontal cantilever beams are made of metal, with each beam being welded to the corresponding column. 4. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer wall of each attached part is made by brickwork. 5. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer wall of each attached part is made by installing panels or stained-glass windows. 6. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the floor plan in the superstructure of the building differs from the floor plan in the old part. 7. The building according to claim 4, characterized in that the floor plan in the superstructure of the building is different from the floor plan in the old part. 8. The building according to claim 5, characterized in that the floor plan in the superstructure of the building differs from the floor plan in the old part. 9. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 7, 8, characterized in that the vertical columns are installed on bored piles. 10. The building according to claim 4, characterized in that the vertical columns are installed on bored piles. 11. The building according to claim 5, characterized in that the vertical columns are installed on bored piles. 12. The building according to claim 6, characterized in that the vertical columns are installed on bored piles.