RU45123U1 - INDOOR HOPPER WAGON - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport, and in particular to the construction of covered hopper cars for the transportation of bulk goods, including mineral fertilizers, equipped with lever mechanisms for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of car bunkers. The essence of the utility model consists in the fact that in the inventive covered hopper car, the horizontal link traction of the unloading manhole covers with the mechanism for opening and closing them is made with an adjustable ball bearing, which ensures the full fit of the unloading manhole covers in the closed position to the hoppers due to elastic deformations of the covers themselves unloading hatches with the ability to adjust the force of their pressing against the hoppers, the use of a self-braking screw (worm) pair in the form of gearing as a drive ayuschey constant torque on the longitudinal shaft, reduces the effort to drive the wheel at the time of the transition "dead spots" horizontal adjustable rods.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, and in particular to the construction of covered hopper cars for the transportation of bulk goods, including mineral fertilizers, equipped with lever mechanisms for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of car bunkers.

A known mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of the bunkers of the car (AS USSR No. 863444, 1979, IPC B 61 D 7/16), comprising a longitudinal shaft fixed under the bunker, connected with the covers of the unloading hatches using a rigidly fixed on it the traction lever pivotally connected to the upper end of the vertical rod, the lower end of which is pivotally connected to the horizontal rods pivotally connected to each other, pivotally connected by axles to the covers of the discharge hatches, and also a screw (screw-nut) drive connected to the longitudinal shaft via the drive lever and traction.

Blocking from arbitrary opening of the covers of unloading hatches under the action of the transported cargo is carried out by moving horizontal rods through the “dead point”, using a self-braking screw drive (screw-nut) and fixing the steering wheel of the drive from its arbitrary rotation.

The main disadvantages of the analogue include:

- insufficient tightness of the closed hatch of the hopper due to errors in the manufacture and installation of the hopper and the cover of the discharge hatch;

- the impossibility of an accelerated process of unloading transported goods, because design features of the mechanism do not allow the maximum (before touching the lower edges) to open the covers of unloading hatches;

- great effort on the helm of the drive when passing horizontal rods dead center due to a decrease in torque on the traction arm of the horizontal shaft in extreme positions;

- multi-linkage of the lever system of the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of the car bunkers.

The prototype is the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of the bunker car (patent for invention RU No. 2231461 C2 7 B 61 D 7/16, 7/26 from 04/29/2002). A bunker car with unloading hatches on the bunkers and a mechanism for opening and closing the covers of unloading hatches, equipped with a screw (worm) drive, a longitudinal shaft and adjustable horizontal rods for connecting the covers of the unloading hatches with a longitudinal shaft.

The mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches contains a longitudinal shaft fixed under the hopper, connected to the covers of the unloading hatches with the help of a pull lever rigidly fixed on it, pivotally connected to the upper end of the vertical rod, the lower end of which is pivotally connected to the horizontal rods pivotally connected to each other, axes with unloading manhole covers.

The drive connected to the longitudinal shaft with the help of the drive lever is equipped with a rotation limiter to provide a gap between the longitudinal shaft and the drive rod in the open position of the mechanism. The vertical rod is equipped with a rotation limiter relative to the traction arm to prevent the mechanism from jamming during the opening process.

The rotation of the longitudinal shaft is carried out from the drive mounted on the hopper, connected to the shaft using the drive rod and the drive lever.

To prevent damage to the covers of unloading hatches at maximum opening, they are equipped with buffers.

In the “closed” position, the covers of the unloading hatches are pressed against the hatches of the bunkers and are fixed with the help of the traction lever resting on the body, while the rods are horizontal. When opening the covers of unloading hatches, the force from the drive is transmitted through the rod and lever to the longitudinal shaft, which, turning together with the lever, raises the rods until the lever contacts the stop, and the covers of the discharge hatches under the action of the pouring cargo from the bunkers open until the buffers touch, excluding this is jamming.

Blocking from arbitrary opening of the covers of unloading hatches under the action of the transported cargo is carried out by moving horizontal rods through the “dead point”, using a self-braking screw drive (screw-nut) and fixing the steering wheel of the drive from its arbitrary rotation.

Unloading is carried out in between the rail space through the unloading hatches of the bunkers with open loading hatches.

The main disadvantages of the prototype include:

- insufficient tightness of the closed bunker hatch due to errors in the manufacture and installation of bunkers and unloading manhole covers;

- insufficiently reliable locking of the covers of the unloading hatches in the closed position from their arbitrary opening under the influence of the transported cargo when using the cylinder as a drive;

- the impossibility, if necessary, of a metric unloading of the transported cargo in the case of using the cylinder as a drive;

- great effort on the helm at the moment of transition by horizontal rods “dead center” due to the reduction of torque on the traction arm of the horizontal shaft in extreme positions;

- multi-linkage of the lever system of the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of the car bunkers.

The purpose of the utility model is to create an indoor hopper car equipped with lever mechanisms for opening and closing the covers of unloading hatches, providing:

- reliable tightness of the closed bunker hatch (absence of spills of the transported cargo);

- the reliability of locking the covers of the discharge hatches in the closed position from their arbitrary opening under the influence of the transported cargo;

- the possibility of dosed unloading of transported goods;

- reduction of effort at the helm when closing the covers of unloading hatches at the moment of transition by horizontal rods “dead center”.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that in the inventive covered hopper car with mechanisms for opening and closing the covers of unloading hatches, the horizontal pull rods for connecting the covers of the unloading hatches with the mechanism for opening and closing them are made with an adjustable ball bearing, which ensures full fit of the covers of the unloading hatches in the closed position to the bunkers due to elastic deformations of the covers of the unloading hatches themselves with the possibility of adjusting the force of their pressing against the bunkers, use as a drive th helical (worm) pair in the form of gearing, providing constant torque on the longitudinal shaft, reduces the forces on the helm of the drive at the moment of transition “dead point” by horizontal adjustable rods.

A screw (worm) pair as a drive ensures that the covers of the unloading hatches are fully opened until they come into contact with the lower edges (buffers) for accelerated unloading of the transported cargo, as well as any intermediate position during dosed unloading.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of a covered hopper car;

figure 2 is a section aa (end view of the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of discharge hatches);

figure 3 is a view of B (bottom view of the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of unloading hatches);

figure 4 - remote element B (the position of the lever system of the mechanism for opening and closing the covers of unloading hatches with closed unloading hatches).

The covered hopper car 1 (Fig. 1) contains a frame 2 equipped with pivot beams 3 with fives 4, and a spinal beam 5 mounted on biaxial bogies 6, a body 7 rigidly connected to the frame 2 and mechanisms 8 for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches .

The body 7 consists of side walls 9, in the lower part forming bunkers 10 together with end walls 11, reinforced with ribs 12 and uprights 13, which are simultaneously an access ladder to the roof 14 with loading hatches 15. Access to the inside of the body 7 is provided via the ladder 16.

The loading of the body 7 of the covered hopper car 1 is carried out through the loading hatches 15, and unloading into the rail space through the unloading hatches 17 of the bins 10, closed by the covers 18 of the unloading hatches (Figure 2), hinged on the bins 10, with buffers 19.

The mechanism 8 for opening and closing the covers 18 of the discharge hatches of the bins 10 contains a longitudinal shaft 20 with a drive made in the form of gearing with constant torque, located between the bins 10, a screw (worm) sector 21, a two-arm lever 22 rigidly fixed to the longitudinal shaft 20, a screw (worm) 23, horizontal adjustable rods 24 with a ball bearing, connecting the covers 18 of the unloading hatches with a two-arm lever 22, a drive shaft 25 mounted in bearings 26 on the hopper 10, the steering wheel 27, the mechanism 28 prevent from spontaneous ceiling elements rotating screw (screw) 23. A compound screw (worm) 23 to the drive shaft 25, clutch 29 is provided.

The longitudinal shaft 20 is mounted on the brackets 30, rigidly mounted on the spinal beam 5, in the bearings 31 (Figure 3), and the screw (worm) 23 in the bearings 32.

To prevent jamming of the two shoulders of the lever 22 and the adjustable rods 24 during their transition through the “dead point” during the closing of the covers 18 of the unloading hatches, the rotation of the two shoulders of the lever 22 is limited by the stop 33, rigidly mounted on the bracket 30.

The technical result achieved by the utility model is the tightness of the closed discharge hatches of the covered hopper car (no spillage of the transported cargo), the possibility of adjusting the pressing force of the covers of the discharge hatches to the bunkers, and the reduction of the forces at the helm of the drive for opening and closing the covers of the discharge hatches at the time of transition adjustable horizontal dead center rods, protection against arbitrary opening of the covers of unloading hatches under the influence of the transported cargo and in Possibilities for dosed unloading of an indoor hopper car.

Claims (2)

1. An indoor hopper car with unloading hatches on the hoppers and a mechanism for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches, equipped with a screw (worm) drive, a longitudinal shaft and adjustable horizontal rods connecting the covers of the unloading hatches with a longitudinal shaft, characterized in that the adjustable horizontal rods are made with ball bearing. 2. The indoor hopper car according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the longitudinal shaft is made in the form of gearing with constant torque on the longitudinal shaft.