RU42552U1 - A SET OF FOAM CONCRETE PLATE IDEALS FOR WARMING FACADES OF CIVIL BUILDINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to construction and can be used in the construction and reconstruction of residential, public and administrative buildings. The purpose of the utility model is to improve the heat engineering regime of wall enclosing structures using facade products that combine heat-insulating and finishing functions, as well as improving the architectural and aesthetic appearance of buildings subject to rehabilitation. The essence of the utility model is that foam concrete slab products for insulating facades of civil buildings are parallelepipeds, while rectangular parallelepipeds with a U-shaped shape in horizontal section are used for ordinary slab products in facade insulation systems with a ventilated air gap; for stucco systems facade insulation ordinary slab products have a rectangular parallelepiped shape; for plaster systems and facade insulation systems with ventilated angular slab products are in the form of straight parallelepipeds in the horizontal section, having an L-shape in horizontal section; for stucco systems, curtain rod ordinary slabs are rectangular parallelepipeds of ### U249 - shaped vertical section; for facade insulation systems with a ventilated air gap, curtain wall ordinary plates are straight parallelepipeds with ### U249 - shaped vertical section and two vertically rectangular parallelepipeds adjacent to the back face of which echeniya; for both insulation systems curtain facades angular slab products are vertically disposed

Description

The utility model relates to construction and can be used in the construction and reconstruction of residential, public and administrative buildings.

Existing structural solutions for the insulation of buildings can be divided into two groups:

- system of insulation of facades with a ventilated air gap (the so-called "ventilated facades");

- plaster external insulation systems.

The option of internal insulation of existing walls does not justify itself for a number of negative consequences. Among the most important is the formation of “cold bridges” at the junction of ceilings to the outer walls of buildings due to the inability to install heat-insulating material in the required areas. Heat loss in these areas often exceeds heat loss through the rest of the wall area.

Therefore, we dwell only on the systems of external insulation of facades.

Known insulation systems offered by the 000 Research Institute "Radeks". This company has developed several technologies for thermal rehabilitation of facades, taking into account the structural and architectural features of various types of buildings.

The main structural systems are given in the article by V.V. Dubrovsky, E.A. Uretskoy, A.S. Bagdasarova “Insulation of building facades - approaches and solutions” (see the magazine “Building Materials”, No. 3/2003, p. 8 ... 10).

The closest technical solution is the use as a heater of facades of slabs of aerated concrete according to GOST 5742-76.

Thermal insulation products of this type have fairly good thermal insulation properties, but have the following disadvantages:

- low tensile strength;

- the need for additional protection against mechanical stress;

- the need for additional outer cladding;

- low frost resistance.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that foam concrete slab products for insulation of facades of civil buildings are parallelepipeds, while for rectangular stove products in insulation systems of facades with a ventilated air gap, rectangular parallelepipeds with a U-shaped in horizontal section are used;

for plaster systems for insulating facades, ordinary slab products have the shape of a parallelepiped of rectangular cross section;

for plaster systems and insulation systems for facades with a ventilated air gap, the corner slab products are in the form of straight parallelepipeds having a L-shaped horizontal section;

for stucco systems, cornice ordinary slab products are rectangular parallelepipeds ### U249 - shaped vertical section;

for facade insulation systems with a ventilated air gap, the cornice ordinary plates are straight parallelepipeds having ### U249 - shaped vertical section and two vertically arranged parallelepipeds of rectangular cross section adjoining to the rear face;

for both systems of facade insulation, cornice corner slabs are vertically arranged parallelepipeds

from two parallelepipeds 1 - shaped vertical and L - shaped horizontal sections;

all parallelepipeds are made of autoclave-free cellular concrete dispersed reinforced with pieces of synthetic fibers.

The possibility of the claimed model is explained by the fact that the dispersed reinforcement of foam concrete with segments of synthetic fibers makes it possible to obtain light heat-insulating products, the tensile strength of which during bending is comparable with the compressive strength. This quality determines sufficient crack resistance of materials and products made of them, the density of which is from 400 to 700 kg / m3 while providing lower thermal conductivity compared to uniform cellular concrete that does not contain dispersed reinforcement.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows the foam concrete slab products for plaster systems for insulation of facades;

- figure 2 - foam concrete slab products for insulation systems of facades with a ventilated air gap ("ventilated facades");

- figure 3 is an option of mounting plate products to the wall of the building (plaster system);

- figure 4 is an option of mounting plate products to the wall of the building (system of "ventilated facades").

Plaster systems of facades.

Ordinary slab products for plaster systems are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 1 of rectangular cross section 2.

Corner plate products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 3, the horizontal section of which is a corner 4, having a rounding of the inner corner 5.

Cornice ordinary plate products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 6, the vertical section of which is a corner 7, with a rounding of the inner corner 8.

Cornice corner plate products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 9, the vertical and horizontal sections of which are corners 10, 11 and 12 with rounding of the inner corners 13 and 14.

Facade insulation systems with ventilated air gap.

Ordinary slab products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 15 having in a horizontal section a U-shape 16 with rounded inner corners 17.

Corner plate products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 18, which in the horizontal section have the shape of a corner 19 with a rounded internal angle 20.

Ordinary cornice slab products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 21 having a vertical section of a corner 22 with rounded inner corners 23 and to the rear face 24 of which are adjacent 2 vertically arranged parallelepipeds 25 with rounded inner corners 26.

Cornice corner plate products are vertically arranged parallelepipeds 27, vertical and horizontal sections of which are corners 28, 29, 30 with rounding of the inner corners 31 and 32.

Formwork forms for facade products are metal or metal-plastic cassettes.

Products are molded in factory or construction conditions using injection molding technology in an autoclave-free manner.

Products are installed on building adhesives and are attached to the outer walls of the building using anchor devices (see figure 3 and figure 4).

Products are available with adjustable parameters:

- "a" - the width of the main elements - from 500 to 750 mm;

- "b" - depending on the climatic conditions of construction, the thickness varies from 50 to 150 mm;

- "c" - removal of the cornice part of the product from 150 to 300 mm;

- "d", "e" - variable parameters in facade insulation systems with a ventilated air gap;

- "h" - height - from 350 to 500 mm;

- depending on the type of facade insulation system used

the density of the material ranges from 400 to 700 kg / m ³ . In accordance with the current regulatory and technical documents, all elements of facade insulation systems are assigned according to the results of strength and deformation calculations taking into account the design and type of the insulated wall (brick walls, walls made of small concrete blocks, wooden block walls).

The advantages of facade insulation systems using fibropen-concrete slab products include:

- the possibility of use in almost all climatic zones, as fiber-reinforced concrete products have increased heat resistance and frost resistance - 100-150 cycles;

- due to its light weight, the use of facade products does not require strengthening of the supporting structures of the building, as well as the use of lifting transport equipment;

- fasteners are carried out using anchor devices flush with the outer surface of the slab products;

- a constant microclimate providing comfortable living conditions;

- the ability to install elements at any time of the year due to the absence of “wet processes” during wall insulation according to the “ventilated facade” option;

- activation of the "respiratory process" through the walls due to the natural convective air flow between the inner surface of the facade of the slab products and the outer surface of the building;

- Improving the architectural and aesthetic appearance due to a variety of colors and surface texture (imitation of natural stone, brickwork, siding, etc.);

- precision manufacturing of products, ensuring the quality of angles and joints, cornices and parapets (tolerances are ± 1 mm);

- the possibility of dismantling and repeated subsequent use;

- plate products can combine two functions - heat-insulating and finishing;

- there is no need to install steam and windproof membranes, since the structure of the material provides optimal parameters with respect to traditionally used materials;

-the ability to obtain perforated plates with improved thermal performance in a stationary process and at a construction site;

- experimentally established identity of the vapor permeability of brick walls and fiber-reinforced concrete slabs at a density of γ = 700 kg / m ³ ;

- during the restoration of buildings, which are architectural monuments, it becomes possible to recreate the stucco decoration, preserving the original appearance of the building;

- foam concrete products are environmentally friendly, have all the required certificates of conformity valid in the territory of the Russian Federation;

- when using the plaster system of insulation of facades there is no need to install fiberglass mesh, because the surface of the plates has a corrugated structure;

- when installing “ventilated facades”, facade slab products are attached directly to the outer surface of the walls, which eliminates the use of an expensive metal frame;

- an increase in labor productivity compared to traditionally used methods of wall insulation through the use of foam concrete products for insulation of facades of civil buildings;

- lower cost, providing resource savings while improving the quality of reconstructed objects, their durability;

- the maximum thickness of the decorative plaster layer is from 3 to 7 mm;

- minimal losses during transportation of products.

Claims (7)

1. A set of foam concrete slab products for insulation of facades of civil buildings, including ordinary and corner products, cornice ordinary and cornice products for stucco systems for insulation of facades, ordinary and corner, ordinary and corner cornice products for insulation systems of facades with a ventilated air gap, representing polyhedra. 2. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the ordinary products for plaster systems for insulating facades are made in the form of parallelepipeds of rectangular cross section. 3. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner products for plastering systems for insulating facades and systems for insulating facades with an air gap are made in the form of polyhedrons having a horizontal section

-shaped, and in the vertical - a rectangular shape. 4. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the cornice ordinary products for plaster systems for insulating facades are polyhedrons

-shaped vertical and rectangular horizontal sections. 5. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the cornice ordinary products for insulation systems of facades with an air gap are polyhedrons

-shaped vertical section and to the rear face of which are adjacent two vertically arranged parallelepipeds of rectangular section. 6. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that for both systems of insulation of facades cornice corner products are vertically arranged polyhedra, consisting of two polyhedra

-shaped vertical and

-shaped horizontal sections. 7. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that all the polyhedra are made of autoclave-free cellular concrete, dispersively reinforced with pieces of synthetic fibers.