RU31337U1 - Instant boiling point - Google Patents

Description

Instant boiling point evaporator

The utility model belongs to the field of heat power engineering and can be used, for example, to produce demineralized or drinking water.

Surface type evaporators (Sterman L.S., Pokrovsky V.N. Chemical and thermal methods of water treatment at thermal power plants., M .; Energia, 1981), in which desalted water is obtained from natural by its evaporation, are best known in the power system.

However, these evaporators, as research shows, need a high-potential vapor and require deep softening of water on ion-exchange filters, which makes them ineffective.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution is an instant boiling chamber according to a. from. No. 1755857, comprising a housing, a separation wall dividing the stage of the evaporator into condensation and expansion chambers, a horizontal partition connected to the separation wall, a device for introducing superheated liquid, the lower slice of which is located under the partition. In this stage, the superheated evaporated water expands immediately after the outlet cut of the device due to the reduced pressure.

The steam formed as a result of expansion, crushes the evaporated water with the formation of a large number of small drops, some of which are separated during rotation.

However, this design adopted as a prototype has drawbacks. Due to the generation of steam in the lower part of the chamber, the latter should move to the upper part. When the steam moves in the upward flow, the greatest capture of small drops occurs, which quickly lose

a velocity component oriented to the bottom of the chamber, which they had immediately after crushing at the outlet of the nozzle and acquire a speed close to the steam velocity and transported by it. At speeds occurring in the expansion chamber (8 m / s), droplets with a diameter of up to 2 mm and less are captured. Further, these droplets are transported by steam to the louvre separators, where large droplets are deposited, and small droplets freely pass through the separator channels and are deposited on the condenser tubes. It is known that droplets of entrained moisture contain dissolved salts, which are then mixed with steam condensate, which is formed during condensation of steam on cold tubes of the condenser and increase the salt content of the condensate, which is unacceptable, because The demand for the condensate (distillate) of this steam in the power system is very high. For example, the content of, for example, salts of Na ion should not exceed 20 μg / kg, similar requirements for other salts, which means that in 1 kg of steam should not be more than 2-3 droplets with a diameter of 1 mm after the separator when the salinity of the evaporated water 10 g / l Therefore, to obtain high quality distillate in this design is not possible.

The inventive utility model is aimed at solving the problem associated with increasing the efficiency of the stage of the evaporator instant boiling in terms of steam separation, obtaining high quality distillate. These problems are solved in a known instant boiling-off evaporator stage, comprising a housing, a dividing wall separating the stage into an expansion chamber and a condensation chamber, a vertical louvre separator, nozzles for supplying and discharging superheated water, nozzles for distillate discharge according to a utility model, the stage expansion chamber is provided with a vertical partition located along the separation wall, forming two cavities communicating with each other in a pair at the bottom of the expansion chamber, and the cavity, forming equipped with a vertical partition and a step casing in the upper part is equipped with a channel for supplying superheated water and at least

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one vertical partition installed with a gap to the ceiling of the chamber and its bottom, and the cavity formed by a vertical partition and a dividing wall in the upper part is connected to the condensation chamber through the channels of the louvre separator and is equipped with a baffle plate installed horizontally with a gap to the dividing wall and forming a vertical channel baffle for the passage of steam.

Moreover, the vertical partitions in the lower part are equipped with moisture-removing devices, for example, grooves for collecting and removing moisture flowing from the plates.

The required technical result is achieved by organizing the satellite motion of the generated steam and the formed moisture droplets in the chamber formed by the vertical partition and the body. As a result of this movement, the droplet velocity in the satellite motion increases, and with a sharp rotation of the steam in the bottom region of the expansion chamber, they continue to move by inertia and settle on the wet surface of the chamber bottom, where they are very well held by surface tension. Some of the formed moisture droplets immediately fall on the walls of vertical plates, where they coarsen and flow down in the form of a film, where they are collected in special grooves and discharged to the bottom of the expansion chamber, for example, through drain pipes, where steam is excluded, and, consequently, secondary wear of moisture in the steam stream. In order to increase the efficiency of droplet separation in the cavity where steam is generated, several vertical plates can be installed,

When steam leaves the first cavity, it abruptly changes its direction and moves towards the separator. In this case, an additional separation of droplets occurs, which are discarded into the zone located under the partition, which is provided with the second cavity. To the steam separator, as shown by studies, it does not come with humidity

exceeding OD - 0.01%. Visual observations show the apparent absence of any drops.

The novelty of the claimed utility model is confirmed by the presence of distinctive features in comparison with the prototype.

The list of drawings:

FIG. 1. - section of the stage of the evaporator instant boiling

The instant boiling-up evaporator stage consists of a body 9, a separation partition 1, an expansion chamber 2, a condensation chamber 3, a louver separator 4, a pipe for supplying superheated water 5, a pipe for draining water 6, a pipe for removing distillate 7, a vertical partition 8, channels 10 to enter the superheated liquid into the cavity formed by 8 and 9, the baffle 11, which is installed with a gap to 1 and is formed; to it there is an 8 channel for the passage of steam, grooves (collectors) 12, where the droplet moisture separated on the plates is collected and then removed Dnishev; e chamber 2, the tubes 13, cooled by the cold water flow, vertical partition 14 mounted in the cavity formed by 8 and 9.

The stage of the evaporator instant boiling is as follows. The initial superheated water through the pipe 5 and channels 10 enters the cavity formed by 8 and 9, where it expands due to reduced pressure in the cavity. With the expansion of superheated water, steam is formed which passes through boiling streams (steam generation takes place in the volume of the entire stream of superheated water) crushes it into a large number of droplets of different diameters, some of which, especially large drops, are deposited on vertical plates 8.14 and on the casing 9, and then, when combined, they flow down in the form of a liquid film and are collected in grooves 12, from where they are evacuated to the bottom of the chamber 2 without coming into contact with the formed steam, which eliminates the secondary wetting of the steam. Small droplets are carried away by the steam flow (speed up to 10 m / s) in the direction of the bottom of expansion chamber 2, and then at

by a sharp change in the direction of the movement of the bunk in the bottom region of the chamber, droplets by inertia, continuing a rectilinear motion, are deposited on the surface of the water located on the bottom of the chamber, where they are reliably held on the surface due to surface tension forces. The steam after a sharp turn passes through the channel formed by the baffles 11 and 8, while the steam makes another turn in which large droplets that fall at random, for example, when they break with the generatrix of the grooves, are thrown into the area under the plates 11, where they are separated on the wall 1 and drain onto the bottom of the camera. The steam released from moisture droplets then flows to 4, where it is finally separated from the remaining droplet moisture, the amount of which is negligible and then condenses on the tubes 13. Condensate flows to the bottom 3 and is discharged through 7 to the consumer.

Using the proposed utility model stage evaporator instant boiling compared with the prototype allows to ensure high quality distillate due to the reduction in the number of small drops in front of the louvre separator.

Posted by / / Petin B.C.

Claims (2)

1. The evaporator stage of instant boiling, comprising a housing, a separation wall separating the evaporator stage into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louvre separator, nozzles for supplying and discharging evaporated water, distillate branch pipes, characterized in that the stage expansion chamber is provided with a vertical partition, located along the separation wall, forming two cavities communicating with each other in pairs in the lower part of the chamber, the cavity formed by a vertical partition and the housing m of the step in the upper part is equipped with channels for supplying superheated water, at least one vertical partition, and the cavity formed by a vertical partition and a separation wall in the upper part is in communication with the condensation chamber through the channels of the louvered separator, equipped with a separate partition installed horizontally with a gap to the expansion wall and forming a channel with a vertical partition for the passage of steam. 2. The step according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical partitions in the lower part are provided with grooves for collecting and removing moisture flowing from the plates.