RU2218972C1 - Instantaneous boiling evaporator stage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat- power engineering; instantaneous boiling evaporators. SUBSTANCE: stage of instantaneous boiling evaporator has housing, dividing partition, dividing stage separating evaporation chamber and condensation chamber with horizontal tube bundle and tube sheets; housing is also provided with ports for passage of vapor made in upper portion of diving partition and separator; condensation chamber is provided with horizontal and vertical intersecting plates separating tubes of tube bundle adjoining ports from other tubes , thus forming reservoir for receiving and discharging contaminated condensate together with separating partition and tube sheets. EFFECT: improved quality of distillate; enhanced efficiency of vapor separation. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of power engineering and can be used in installations for producing distillate.

 Known stages of flash boilers (EI Taubman and others. Thermal neutralization of mineralized industrial wastewater. - L .: Chemistry, 1975, S. 47-60), in which the steam is separated on louvered separators or mesh droplet eliminators.

 However, the operating experience of such evaporators shows that these separators become ineffective for producing very high quality distillate.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution is the stage of the evaporator instant boiling according to ed. testimonial. 1733032, comprising a housing with a dividing wall dividing the stage into an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber with a horizontal tube bundle; in the dividing partition there are windows for passage of steam from the evaporation chamber to the condensation chamber, separators for separating moisture droplets from the vapor, nozzles for supplying and discharging the evaporated water and a pipe for condensate drainage. In this stage, the evaporation of water entering through the pipe into the evaporation chamber with a temperature exceeding the saturation temperature in the chamber occurs. Due to the expansion of water, steam forms, which, with droplets of entrained water, in which salts are dissolved, enters the separator, where part (main) droplets are separated. After the separator, the steam enters the condensation chamber through a window in the separation wall, where it condenses on the tubes of the tube bundle. Condensate flows to the bottom of the chamber and is then discharged through the pipe to the consumer. However, as operating experience shows, this design, adopted as a prototype, also has disadvantages associated with the penetration of moisture droplets with steam through a separator, which reduces the quality of the distillate. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain high-quality distillate, for example, for power boilers of a power plant, in this design.

 The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem associated with increasing the efficiency of steam separation in an instant boil-off evaporator to obtain a distillate whose quality (conductivity less than 1 μS / cm) satisfies the requirements for make-up water of high-pressure boilers (140 at). This problem is solved in the known stage of an instant boiling-off evaporator, comprising a housing, a separation partition separating the stage into an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber with a horizontal tube bundle and tube boards, windows made in the upper part of the separation partition, a separator, nozzles for supplying and discharging evaporated water , condensate drain pipes, according to the invention, the condensation chamber is provided with intersecting horizontal and vertical partitions tightly connected at the intersection eniya, wherein the horizontal partition from the side opposite the intersection point, is connected to the dividing wall along the windows and the vertical mounted with clearance to the ceiling part of the condensation chamber and separates the portion of the tube bundle tubes adjacent to the windows, the two partitions sides sealingly attached to the tube plates. The tank formed by partitions and tube boards is equipped with a pipe for condensate drainage from this tank.

 The required technical result is achieved due to the effective separation of droplets on the tubes adjacent to the window (separated from other tubes by horizontal and vertical partitions). Droplet deposition occurs due to inertial separation, when moisture droplets are dispersed in the separator channels and at the outlet of the separator into the condensation chamber, the steam velocity decreases several times, and the moisture droplets continue to move by inertia at a speed close to the steam flow rate in the separator, and fall on the surface of the pipes on which part of the steam condenses. On the tubes, droplets of liquid with salts dissolved in it are mixed with steam condensate and drain to the bottom of the tank formed by partitions, tube boards and a separation wall. Contaminated condensate is removed from the tank separately through the pipe with which the tank is equipped. Improving the quality of the distillate also occurs due to the capture of so-called "secondary large droplets", which are formed due to the separation of moisture from the outlet edges of the separator, through which a thin film of separated moisture flows. Studies have shown that these drops are well captured on the tubes located outside the windows.

 The novelty of the claimed stage of the evaporator instant boiling is confirmed by the presence of distinctive features in comparison with the prototype.

 The drawing shows a section of the stage of the evaporator instant boiling.

 The instant boiling point evaporator stage consists of a housing 1, a separation partition 2, an evaporation chamber 3, a condensation chamber 4, windows (windows) 5 in the separation partition, a separator 6, a vertical partition 7, a horizontal partition 8, a pipe 9 for removing contaminated condensate from the tank, formed by partitions 7, 8, 2. The supply of evaporated water is carried out through the pipe 10. The drain of pure condensate is carried out through the pipe 11.

 The stage of the evaporator instant boiling is as follows. Evaporated water through the nozzle 10 enters the evaporation chamber 3, where it boils, because it has a temperature exceeding the saturation temperature in the chamber 3. The formed vapor and the droplets of moisture entrained by it are fed to the separator 6, where a part of the droplets are deposited and then goes through the window 5 into the condensation chamber 4. In the condensation chamber, the steam, passing through the annular space of the tube bundle, repeatedly changes its direction, and moisture droplets are deposited on the tubes of the tube bundle under the action of inertial forces, where, mixed with the heating condensate ara, flow into the container formed by the partitions 7, 8 and 2. From the container the contaminated condensate is discharged via pipe 9. The purified droplets from vapor then goes to the rest of the tube bundle and the clean condensate is removed through the pipe 11 to the consumer.

 Due to the intersecting partitions, the condensate is effectively cleaned by collecting and draining the contaminated condensate draining from the pipes separated by these plates and thereby eliminating the mixing of pure condensate with the contaminated one.

 Using the proposed instant evaporator stage in comparison with the prototype allows you to get a very high quality condensate due to the installation of overlapping horizontal and vertical plates, separating part of the tube bundle adjacent to the windows, for the passage of steam and creating a separation wall with a separation wall for collecting and removing the separated moisture together with a small portion of steam condensate.

Claims (2)

1. The stage of the evaporator instant boiling up, consisting of a housing, a dividing wall, dividing the stage into an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber with a horizontal tube bundle and tube boards, windows made in the upper part of the dividing wall, separator, branch pipes for removal, supply of evaporated water, characterized the fact that the condensation chamber is equipped with overlapping horizontal and vertical partitions, tightly connected at the intersection, and the horizontal partition on the opposite side at the opposite intersection, it is connected to the dividing wall along the windows, and the vertical one is set with a gap to the ceiling part of the condensation chamber and separates part of the tube bundle adjacent to the windows, both partitions are tightly connected to the tube boards by the sides. 2. The stage according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank formed by the dividing wall, intersecting the horizontal and vertical partitions and pipe boards, is equipped with a pipe for draining condensate draining from the selected pipe tube bundle of the condensation chamber.