RU194632U1 - INSTANT EVAPORATOR STEP - Google Patents

Abstract

"Stage evaporator instant boiling" The inventive utility model relates to the field of power engineering, and in particular to devices designed to implement the thermal method of desalination and desalination of water used to feed steam boilers, heating networks, and can be used in the petrochemical, pharmaceutical, electronic industries and water supply, where the conversion of heat into other forms of energy is required. The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to improve the quality of the distillate by reducing the humidity of the steam entering the separator while maintaining the small dimensions of the evaporator stage of instant boiling. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the instant boiling-off evaporator stage, which includes a housing enclosed inside by a dividing wall with an integrated louvre separator for the condensation chamber and expansion chamber and equipped with a pipe for supplying superheated water entering the expansion chamber through a channel provided with a water distribution nozzle, as well as pipes distillate and non-evaporated water outlet, at the same time a visor is installed inside the case, and the expansion chamber by means of a vertical partition the ki, in which the through hole is made, is divided into cavities communicating with each other in the upper and lower parts, while the visor is installed in the cavity of the expansion chamber formed between the separation wall and the vertical partition, attached to the ceiling of the housing and provided with a tray to which the pipe is connected to remove moisture from it, brought under the level of unevaporated water, settled on the bottom of the expansion chamber, while the distance between the tray and the vertical partition exceeds the height of the through hole of the vertical gorodki.1 yl.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of power engineering, namely, to devices designed to implement the thermal method of desalination and desalination of water used to feed steam boilers, heating networks, and can be used in the petrochemical, pharmaceutical, electronic industries and water supply, where required the conversion of heat into other forms of energy.

Thermal desalination is carried out in evaporation plants, consisting of an evaporator in which steam is generated from chemically purified water, and a condenser of the evaporator in which the vapor obtained in the evaporator is condensed. The vapor condensate of the evaporator is called the distillate (Girshfeld V.Ya., Morozov GN. Thermal power plants. Textbook for technical schools and universities / 2nd edition revised., M .: Energoatomizdat, 1986. - 226 p.).

     A step of an instant boiling-off evaporator is known from the prior art, comprising a dividing wall sealed in the housing to form an evaporation and condensation chambers, the housing being made of at least two components, the height of the partition is larger than the dimensions of the housing, and each part of the housing is welded separately to the partition from the outside of the case (A.S. No. 1733032 for the invention “Instant boiling stage evaporator”, filing date 12/25/1989, published 05/15/1992).

    The disadvantages of this technical solution are that the sprayed water drops freely and in large volumes fall on the separator, reducing its efficiency and the quality of the resulting distillate.

    In addition, there is a known instant boiling point evaporator comprising a housing, a separation wall separating the evaporator stage into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louvre separator mounted in the separation wall, nozzles for supplying and discharging evaporated water, nozzles for distillate discharge, a vertical partition located along the dividing wall and forming two cavities communicating with each other in a pair in the lower part of the expansion chamber, and the cavity formed by a vertical partition at the upper part is equipped with at least one water distribution nozzle with a channel for supplying superheated water, while the vertical partition at its base is equipped with a corner element forming an inclined plane and a horizontal plane parallel to the base of the case, while the inclined plane is angular the element faces the end wall of the stage housing and forms an obtuse angle of 135-170 ° with the vertical partition, and the water distribution nozzles are made with an oblique cut, also to the end wall of the stage body, while the cut-off angle of the water distribution nozzle is 10-45 ° (Patent No. 51347 for the utility model “Instant boiling stage evaporator”, filing date 08/26/2005, published 02/10/2006).

    Known stage evaporator instant boiling up, consisting of a housing, a dividing wall, dividing the stage into an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber with a horizontal tube bundle and tube boards, windows made in the upper part of the dividing wall, separator, pipes for removal, supply of evaporated water, while the condensation chamber is equipped with intersecting horizontal and vertical partitions tightly connected at the intersection, and the horizontal partition is on the side of the counter The intersection is connected to the separation partition along the windows, and the vertical one is set with a gap to the ceiling part of the condensation chamber and separates part of the tube bundle adjacent to the windows, both partitions are tightly connected to the tube boards by the sides (patent No. 2218972 for the invention “Instant evaporator stage” boiling ”, filing date 10/10/2002, published 12/20/2003).

The known solution is aimed at improving the quality of the obtained distillate and does not affect the performance of the separator itself, while the performance of the stage itself is reduced by the size of the distilled dirty distillate. If the critical load of the separator is exceeded, the quality of the distillate decreases sharply (10-100 times), and separation on the tube bundle does not solve the quality problem.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is the stage of the evaporator of instant boiling, containing a housing, a separation wall separating the stage of the evaporator into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louver separator, pipes for supplying and discharging evaporated water, pipes for removing distillate, a vertical partition located along the separation wall and forming two cavities communicating with each other in pairs in the lower part of the chamber, the cavity formed by a vertical at the top there is at least one channel for supplying superheated water, while the channel for supplying superheated water is equipped with a water distribution nozzle, and a hole is made in the vertical partition in its upper part, the height of which does not exceed the length water distribution nozzle and is 0.05-0.5 of the width of the cavity formed by a vertical partition and a dividing wall (Eurasian patent No. 006523 for the invention "Step evaporator instant boiling", filing date 0 October 1, 2004, publication date February 24, 2006).

       The presence of an opening in the upper part of the vertical partition provides a two-way supply of the steam-water mixture to the separator: both through the upper part and through the lower part of the cavity of the expansion chamber, which allows to reduce the flow rate and thereby prevent the entrainment and capture of moisture and its reflux into the separator. Thus, there is a decrease in steam humidity, which helps to improve the quality of the steam and, accordingly, the quality of the obtained distillate.

       In addition, the possibility of supplying the steam-water mixture to the separator from two sides reduces the aerodynamic flow unevenness and hydraulic resistance in the separator itself, which affects the increase in productivity not only of the separator, but also of the evaporator stage as a whole.

      However, under heavy loads, the flow of the steam-water mixture, directed to the upper hole of the vertical partition, captures a large amount of moisture coming from the nozzle for supplying superheated liquid, which is thrown onto the upper wall of the stage body (ceiling) and, moving along it, is captured by steam that moves with a large speed and gets into the louvre separator, thereby overloading it. To prevent steam from trapping water, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate. However, such a decrease in speed is possible due to an increase in the distance between the vertical partition and the end wall of the housing, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the overall dimensions of the evaporator and, accordingly, to an increase in metal consumption.

         The technical result, which is claimed by the claimed utility model, is to improve the quality of the distillate by reducing the humidity of the steam entering the separator while maintaining the small dimensions of the evaporator stage of instant boiling.

      The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the instant boiling-off evaporator stage, which includes a housing enclosed inside by a dividing wall with an integrated louvre separator for the condensation chamber and expansion chamber and equipped with a pipe for supplying superheated water entering the expansion chamber through a channel provided with a water distribution nozzle, as well as pipes distillate and non-evaporated water outlet, with a visor installed inside the case, and the expansion chamber through a vertical partition the ki, in which the through hole is made, is divided into cavities communicating with each other in the upper and lower parts, according to a useful model, the visor is installed in the cavity of the expansion chamber formed between the separation wall and the vertical partition, is attached to the ceiling of the housing and is equipped with a tray to which it is attached a pipe for removing moisture from it, brought under the level of unevaporated water, settled on the bottom of the expansion chamber, while the distance between the tray and the vertical partition exceeds the height of the through hole Vertical, partitions.

     The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where

     FIG. - stage evaporator instant boiling in the context.

The inventive device comprises a housing 1, separated by a separation wall 2 into a condensation chamber 3, in which heat-exchange pipes 4 are placed, and an expansion chamber 5. A louvered separator 6 is installed in the separation wall 2, under which there is a drain pipe 7 of separated water passing along the separation wall 2. In the expansion chamber 5, parallel to the partition wall 2, there is a vertical partition 8, in the upper part of which a through hole 9 is made, which serves to pass part of the steam-water mixture to the sep ator 6. Louvered separators are the best type of secondary separation devices, as the steam-water mixture, passing between its plates, turns sharply, as a result of which moisture drops under the action of inertial forces fall on the walls and flow down. This type of separator is simple in design and does not clutter the passage section of the apparatus.

The vertical partition conditionally divides the expansion chamber into two cavities: 10 and 11, communicating with each other in the upper and lower parts of the chamber 5, which ensures a two-way supply of steam-water mixture to the separator. Bilateral supply allows steam entry parallel to the separator axis. In this case, the cavity 10 is formed by the end wall of the housing and the vertical partition, the cavity 11 is located between the dividing wall and the vertical partition.

A visor 12 is rigidly connected to the housing 1, located in a cavity formed by a dividing wall and a vertical partition. The visor is attached to the ceiling of the housing and is equipped with a tray 13, to which a pipe 14 is connected, which serves to drain precipitated water from it. The visor with the tray creates a complex profile structure that does not allow a through passage of the steam-water mixture to the separator. When the flow direction changes, water droplets captured by the flow are thrown to the ceiling due to inertial forces, continue to move along the ceiling under the action of the flow, and after being deposited in the tray, they are diverted to the bottom of the expansion chamber. Part of the water droplets is separated from the total flow and due to the rotation of the flow that occurs in the profile system "visor-tray", fall and precipitate on them, and then are discharged.

In the case above the cavity 10, a supply pipe 15 is mounted, through the channel 16 communicating with the specified cavity 10. The channel 16 is designed for supplying superheated water and is equipped with a water distribution nozzle 17, with which a more uniform distribution of the steam-water mixture is achieved at low energy consumption and tangible obstacles are not created for her passage.

Unevaporated water is removed from the bottom of the expansion chamber 5 through the pipe 18, fixed in its bottom.

The distillate obtained is removed from the condensation chamber through a pipe 19 extending along the entire lower part of the condensation chamber 3 with an outlet in the end wall of the housing.

The distance between the tray 13 and the vertical partition 8 should be greater than the height of the through hole 11, because otherwise, the flow rate may increase and due to this, the uniformity of the flow entry into the separator will deteriorate.

The pipe 14 for draining water from the tray 13 should be brought under the level of water accumulating at the bottom of the expansion chamber. This placement of the pipe 14 prevents the ingress of steam into it and, accordingly, the creation of a steam-water countercurrent in it, which, in turn, can impede the removal of water from the tray and, therefore, adversely affect the quality of the steam-water mixture and, accordingly, the resulting distillate.

The utility model is as follows.

The superheated water through the pipe 15 passes into the channel 16 and then through the water distribution nozzles 17 it enters the expansion chamber 5, namely, into the cavity 10, in which water is boiled and sprayed with the generated steam. Unevaporated water settles under the action of gravitational forces to the bottom of the expansion chamber, and is discharged through the pipe 18.

Steam, with droplets of trapped water through the hole 9 in the vertical partition and the passage under the vertical partition is sent to the separator. The main volume of coarse moisture contained in the pair passing through the through hole 11 in the vertical partition, falls on the tray 13 and then is discharged through the pipe 14 to the lower part of the expansion chamber. Part of the moisture in the pair passing under the partition is discarded to the separation partition 2 and also flows to the bottom of the housing. Due to the removal of excessive coarse moisture, the separator is not filled with a large volume of water.

After that, the steam with the remaining fine moisture is fed to the separation by a louver separator 6. The steam-water mixture consisting of fine moisture and steam entering the separator provides more efficient operation of the device and helps to improve the quality of the obtained distillate. In addition, the efficiency and quality of separation is improved due to the steam path, which is as close as possible to the axis of the separator.

The steam purified from fine droplets of water on the louvre separator plates enters the condensation chamber 3, in which, when passing through the annulus, it evenly washes all the heat transfer pipes 4, condenses on them in the form of a clean distillate flowing to the bottom of the condensation chamber 3. Clean the distillate from the bottom of the condensation chamber 3 is discharged through the pipe 19 and sent either to the consumer or to the next stage of the flash boil-off evaporator.

The design of the stage of the instant boiling-off evaporator proposed for protection prevents large droplets of water from being captured by the stream, they are thrown into the separator, ensures that steam enters the separator along a path as close as possible to the separator axis, which not only improves the productivity of the apparatus, but also reduces the humidity of the steam-water mixture and, therefore, to improve the quality of the obtained distillate.

Claims (1)

The instant boil-off evaporator stage, which includes a housing enclosed inside by a dividing wall with an integrated louvre separator on the condensation chamber and the expansion chamber and equipped with a pipe for supplying superheated water entering the expansion chamber through a channel provided with a water distribution nozzle, as well as distillation and non-evaporated water discharge pipes, with this, a visor is installed inside the housing, and the expansion chamber is divided by means of a vertical partition in which a through hole is made on cavities communicating with each other in the upper and lower parts, characterized in that the visor is installed in the cavity of the expansion chamber formed between the dividing wall and the vertical partition, attached to the ceiling of the housing and equipped with a tray to which a pipe is connected to remove moisture from it below the level of unevaporated water that has settled on the bottom of the expansion chamber, while the distance between the tray and the vertical partition exceeds the height of the through hole of the vertical partition.

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