RU51347U1 - INSTANT EVAPORATOR STEP - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of heat engineering, is intended for the preparation of make-up water for heating systems, boiler houses, hot water supply systems and can be used in the petrochemical, pharmaceutical, electronic and some food industries. The instant boiling-off evaporator stage contains a housing 1, a separating wall 2, separating the evaporator stage into a condensation chamber 3 with heat-exchange tubes 4 and an expansion chamber 5, a vertical louver separator 6 with a separated water discharge pipe 7, fixed in the separation wall 2, nozzles 15 and 17 for water inlet and outlet, respectively, a pipe 18 for distillate removal, a vertical partition 8 located along the separation wall 2 and forming two cavities 11 and 12, communicating with each other in pairs at the bottom expansion aids 5, the cavity 11 in the upper part provided with at least one water distribution nozzle 13 with a channel 14 for supplying superheated water from the water distribution chamber 16, the vertical partition 8 at its base is equipped with an angular element forming an inclined plane 9 and parallel to the base of the housing horizontal plane 10, while the inclined plane 9 of the corner element is facing the end wall of the housing 1 of the stage and forms an obtuse angle of 135-170 ° with the vertical partition 8, and water distribution flax nozzles 13 is formed with an oblique cut, also facing the end wall of the housing 1 level, wherein the cut angle of the water distribution nozzle is 10-45 °.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heat engineering, is intended for the preparation of make-up water for heating systems, boiler houses, hot water supply systems and can be used in the petrochemical, pharmaceutical, electronic and some food industries.

Thermal desalination of water is one of the alternative ways to obtain high quality water without the use of expensive chemicals and costly liquidation or treatment of chemical desalination wastewater.

Obtaining a distillate by thermal desalination is cost-effective and is accompanied by a minimally harmful effect on the environment in comparison with the most modern technologies of chemical desalination or reverse osmosis.

A step of an instant boiling-off evaporator is known, comprising a housing, a separation wall, hermetically fixed in the housing with the formation of an evaporation and condensation chambers, a separator installed in the partition that passes steam and separates moisture, while the housing is equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging evaporated water and a condensate drain pipe ( see USSR author's certificate No. 1733032, IPC B 01 D 3/06, priority dated 12/25/1989, published on 05/15/1992, б. №18, 1992, "The stage of the evaporator instant boiling").

A disadvantage of the known device lies in the fact that water droplets sprayed by steam, which do not transform into steam when the stream boils in the evaporation chamber, freely enter the separator together with the steam, reducing its efficiency and the quality of the distillate.

Also known is an instant boiling-off evaporator stage, comprising a housing, a separating wall separating the evaporator stage into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louver separator mounted in the separating wall, nozzles for supplying and discharging evaporated water, a nozzle for distillate removal, a vertical partition located along the separating walls forming two cavities communicating with each other in a pair at the bottom of the chamber, and the cavity formed by a vertical partition and the body of the stupas The upper part is equipped with channels for supplying superheated water, and at least one additional vertical partition, while the vertical partitions in the lower part are provided with grooves for collecting and removing moisture, and the cavity formed by the vertical partition and dividing wall is provided with a separate

a horizontal partition installed with a gap to the partition wall and forming a channel for the passage of steam with a vertical partition (see Utility Model Certificate of the Russian Federation No. 31337, IPC B 01 D 3/06, priority dated March 31, 2003, published on August 10, 2003, “Instant Evaporator Stage”).

In a known stage of an instant boiling-up evaporator, superheated water, boiling through the channels for supplying superheated water to the expansion chamber, boils, while the steam stream, together with the water droplets carried away by the steam, is distributed into separate streams using an additional vertical partition and then rushes to the separator, enveloping the vertical partitions at the bottom of the camera.

The vertical partition dividing the chamber into two cavities protects the separator from the ingress of water when it is sprayed.

The greater the expansion of water (that is, the greater the temperature difference per step), the more water sprayed by the steam enters the vertical partitions and flows down.

A disadvantage of the known stage is that, despite the presence of grooves, at high flow rates that occur when the vertical partitions are bent, there is a capture of water flowing continuously from the partitions and its introduction into the separator, which reduces the performance of the stage and the quality of the distillate.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is the stage of the evaporator of instant boiling, containing a housing, a separation wall that separates the stage of the evaporator on the condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louver separator mounted in the separation wall, pipes for supplying and discharging evaporated water, a pipe for removing distillate , a vertical partition located along the dividing wall, forming two cavities communicating with each other in pairs in the lower part of the chamber, and the floor the span formed by the vertical partition and the stage casing in the upper part is equipped with at least one water distribution nozzle with a channel for supplying superheated water, while a hole is made in the vertical partition in its upper part, the height of which does not exceed the length of the water distribution nozzle (see patent RF for the utility model of the Russian Federation No. 43188, IPC B01D3 / 06, 1/26, priority dated October 1, 2004, published January 10, 2005, “Stage of the evaporator of instant boiling”).

The presence of a water distribution nozzle allows the formation of an outgoing flow of liquid boiling in the free volume of the expansion chamber, while part of the water is converted into steam, and part is sprayed with steam.

The presence of an opening in the upper part of the vertical partition provides a two-way supply of steam to the separator, which reduces the steam flow rate and thereby excludes the capture of large drops of water flowing down the partition in the lower part of the chamber, but does not exclude the direct ingress of tiny droplets of water that have not converted to steam together with steam into the separator in the absence of effective preliminary separation of steam, which is a disadvantage of the known design.

In addition, at large temperature differences per stage (i.e., large overheating of the water), when the opening angle of the jet of water flowing from the direct cut of the water distribution nozzle during expansion is very large, it is possible to pour water through the hole when it hits the wall or under the action of an upward steam flow.

The technical result of the claimed utility model consists in increasing the efficiency of the evaporator stage by increasing the flow rate and ensuring preliminary separation while maintaining the high quality of the distillate, the dimensions of the stage and low values of non-boiling liquid.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the inventive step of the evaporator of instant boiling, comprising a housing, a separation wall separating the stage of the evaporator into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louvre separator mounted in the separation wall, pipes for supplying and discharging evaporated water, pipes for removing distillate, a vertical partition located along the separation wall and forming two cavities communicating with each other in pairs in the lower part of the expansion chamber, and the cavity, about developed by a vertical partition and a stage casing, in the upper part it is equipped with at least one water distribution nozzle with a channel for supplying superheated water, according to a utility model, the vertical partition at its base is equipped with an angular element forming an inclined plane and a horizontal plane parallel to the casing base, with this inclined plane of the corner element faces the end wall of the stage housing and forms an obtuse angle equal to 135-170 ° with the vertical partition, and the water distribution The nozzle is made with an oblique cut, also facing the end wall of the stage body, while the cut-off angle of the water distribution nozzle is 10-45 °.

The fluid flow leaving the water distribution nozzle boils in the free volume of the expansion chamber, while part of the water is converted to steam and part is sprayed with steam, moreover, due to the oblique cut of the water distribution nozzle,

facing the end wall of the housing, the cutoff angle of which is 10-45 °, the steam-water flow immediately diverges directionally to the housing.

At the same time, the amount of water, when sprayed onto the vertical partition and the inclined plane of the corner element, decreases sharply, which is especially important for medium and large expansion of the steam-water stream (i.e. medium and large temperature differences), since it avoids the appearance of a large amount of flowing down with an inclined baffles of water, which is an obstacle to the steam-water flow, and in the case of high speeds of the steam-water flow to prevent insufficient or belated boiling.

Due to the oblique cut of the water distribution nozzle and the inclined plane of the corner element, free passage of the expanding steam-water stream and low non-boiling of water are ensured by reducing the hydraulic resistance of the stream enveloping the inclined plane and passing under the horizontal plane of the corner element.

When the cutoff angle is less than 10 °, the flow of water flowing down from the inclined partition prevents the steam-water flow from moving.

At a cut angle greater than 45 °, firstly, erosion of the end wall of the housing increases due to the pressure of the steam stream, and secondly, incomplete boiling (non-boiling) of the liquid increases due to an increase in the hydraulic resistance of the steam-water flow on the approach to the horizontal plane.

In addition, with a cut angle greater than 45 °, the spatter of the outflowing fluid stream is greatly reduced, which also increases its non-boiling.

Performing at the base of the vertical partition of the corner element, forming an inclined plane and parallel to the base of the body, a horizontal plane, where the obtuse angle formed by the vertical partition and the inclined plane of the corner element with which it is equipped is 135-170 °, allows you to repeatedly change the direction of the steam-water flow, disperse steam-water flow and increase its speed, separate the flows of water and steam due to the action of centrifugal and gravitational forces and precipitate the smallest droplets of water steam-water flow before the flow enters the separator, which ensures effective preliminary separation of the steam.

As a result, the humidity of the steam entering at a higher speed to the louvre separator decreases, which increases the performance of the separator, and therefore the evaporator stage.

At the same time, an increase in the efficiency of the evaporator stage is achieved while maintaining the high quality of the distillate and without increasing the dimensions of the expansion chamber and the stage as a whole at low values of non-boiling water.

When the angle between the vertical partition and the inclined plane of the corner element is less than 135 °, the hydraulic resistance of the flow increases when you bend around the inclined plane of the corner element.

When the angle between the vertical partition and the inclined plane of the corner element is greater than 170 °, an increase in the speed of the steam-water flow is not provided, leading to the deposition of the smallest drops of water, that is, the preliminary separation of steam.

No technical solutions matching the totality of essential features of the utility model have been identified, which allows us to conclude that the utility model meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The patentability condition "industrial applicability" is confirmed by the example of a specific implementation.

The figure shows the stage of the evaporator instant boiling in the context.

The instant boil-off evaporator stage consists of a housing 1, a separation wall 2, a condensation chamber 3 with heat exchange tubes 4, an expansion chamber 5, a vertical louvre separator 6, mounted in the separation wall 2, and a separated water discharge pipe 7 located along the separation wall 2 of the vertical partition 8 with a corner element in its base, forming an inclined plane 9, facing the end wall of the housing, and a horizontal plane 10 parallel to the base of the housing, and forming two cavities 11 and 12, coupled together in a pair at the bottom of the expansion chamber 5 by means of a parallel to the base of the housing horizontal plane 10 of the corner element.

The cavity 11, formed by a vertical partition 8 with a corner element in its base and a stage housing 1, in the upper part is equipped with at least one water distribution nozzle 13 with a channel for supplying superheated water 14.

In a specific exemplary embodiment, the inclined plane 9 facing the end wall of the housing 1 forms an angle of 160 ° with the vertical partition 8, and the cut-off angle of the water distribution nozzle 13 facing its oblique cut towards the end wall of the housing 1 is 30 °.

The supply of evaporated water is carried out through the pipe 15 and the water distribution chamber 16. The water is removed from the expansion chamber 5 through the pipe 17. The distillate is removed through the pipe 18.

The stage of the evaporator instant boiling is as follows.

Superheated water through the pipe 15, the water distribution chamber 16, the channel 14 and the water distribution nozzles with an oblique cut 13 enters the expansion chamber 5, where it boils (expands), in which the main part of the water is converted into steam, and part is sprayed with steam.

Due to the oblique cut of the water distribution nozzle 13, the steam-water flow deviates to the end wall of the housing 1, drastically reducing the amount of water when spraying onto the vertical partition 8 and the inclined plane of the corner element 9.

Next, the steam-water flow goes around the inclined plane of the corner element 9, passes under the horizontal plane 10 of the corner element in the lower part of the expansion chamber 5, and then goes around the horizontal plane 10 of the corner element, passing from cavity 11 to cavity 12.

During the rounding of the corner element due to multiple changes in the direction of the moving at a high flow rate, preliminary separation of the steam is provided.

Next, the flow enters the separator 6, mounted in the separation wall 2.

where part of the droplets are deposited and discharged through the pipe 7 to the bottom of the expansion chamber 5 and then through the pipe 17.

The water droplets purified in the separator 6 enter the condensation chamber 3, where, passing the annulus, it condenses on the heat exchange tubes 4 and flows to the bottom of the condensation chamber 3.

Pure distillate from the bottom of the condensation chamber 3 through the pipe 18 is discharged to the consumer or enters the next stage of the evaporator instant boiling.

The use of the inventive step of an instant boiling-up evaporator in comparison with the known technical solutions allows to increase the efficiency of preliminary separation of the steam-water stream with a sharp increase in the flow rate and a multiple change in the direction of its movement, as a result, the humidity of the steam moving with a high degree decreases, which increases the performance of the separator.

As a result, an increase in the separator capacity while maintaining the high quality of the distillate, stage dimensions and low liquid non-boiling values allows increasing the efficiency of the evaporator stage by 10-20% and the load range of the stage by 20-120% of the nominal value.

Claims (1)

An instant boiling-off evaporator stage, comprising a housing, a separation wall separating the evaporator stage into condensation and expansion chambers, a vertical louvre separator mounted in the separation wall, nozzles for supplying and removing evaporated water, nozzles for distillate removal, a vertical partition located along the separation wall and forming two cavities communicating with each other in a pair at the bottom of the expansion chamber, and the cavity formed by a vertical partition and a staircase , in the upper part is equipped with at least one water distribution nozzle with a channel for supplying superheated water, characterized in that the vertical partition at its base is equipped with a corner element forming an inclined plane and a horizontal plane parallel to the base of the body, while the inclined plane of the corner element faces to the end wall of the stage housing and forms with a vertical partition an obtuse angle equal to 135-170 °, and the water distribution nozzle is made with an oblique cut, also facing the end wall of the stage housing, while the cut-off angle of the water distribution nozzle is 10-45 °.