RU2812632C1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: projectile containing a cartridge, an igniting charge, and a propellant charge consisting of a main and an additional charge installed sequentially in the projectile cartridge. The additional charge contains high-potential powder with a mixture of explosives and is located at the bottom of the cartridge, a delay composition is installed on top, and the main charge of medium-potential powder is installed on top of the delay composition. The igniting charge is pressed into the rear end of the cartridge and is connected to a fire tube, which is isolated from the additional charge.

EFFECT: increase in the firing range.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to the field of artillery, and more precisely to the internal ballistics of a projectile.

There is a known method of imparting speed to a projectile in the barrel, which consists in using the energy of the gases of the powder charge in the cartridge case during its combustion. The powder charge is ignited by an igniter primer located on the bottom of the cartridge case on the rear (rear) side of the powder charge (see the book I.V. Baev, Theory and Calculation of Artillery Guns. - Penza: 1980).

The disadvantages of the modern action of powder gases are associated with the combustion of gunpowder of the same brand with the corresponding mass in a small volume L = 2d; subsequently, when the projectile moves along the barrel, the pressure decreases along the curve by about 5 times, for example, for a 76 mm gun, the maximum pressure is P _max = 207 MPa, muzzle pressure when the projectile exits the barrel, it drops and amounts to P _d =40, respectively, the force on the bottom of the projectile also decreases, and the projectile speed V _d decreases accordingly, on which the firing range depends.

It is known that the firing range depends on the ballistic parameters of the shot and a number of factors, the decisive of which are the design of the gun and the nature of the powder charge (weight, speed and volume of gas release during combustion, maximum pressure in the gun barrel, etc.).

The objective of the present invention is to provide additional pressure on the bottom of the projectile as it moves in the muzzle along the accelerating smoothbore section of the barrel, in order to increase the speed of the projectile.

The technical result is to increase the firing range by increasing the speed of the projectile when leaving the barrel.

The specified technical result is achieved through the use of gunpowders of different energy characteristics in the charge, i.e. changes in the composition of the propellant charge, as well as the supply of ignition to the front part of the charge.

It is proposed to install an additional charge in the case design at the bottom of the case, a sample of high-calorie powders charge masses having 4200-5300 kJ/kg (1000-1260 kcal/kg). To increase the calorie content, introduce explosives with a high heat of combustion into their composition (octogen, hexogen, DINA). Next, form the main charge from medium-calorie powders having 3300-4200 kJ/kg (800-1000 kcal/kg), a fire tube with a channel from a capsule pressed into the rear end of the cartridge case to a branched channel in the front part of the main charge canopy, filled with an explosive having a detonation wave speed an order of magnitude higher than the speed of the powder mass of the propellant charge. The advantage is the consistent build-up of pressure in the barrel. First, the main charge fires; the projectile crashes into the rifling of the barrel and gains speed as it moves along the channel; at the end of the combustion of the main charge, an additional charge burns, increasing the pressure on the bottom of the projectile and increasing the speed of the projectile along the barrel.

These features of the process provide higher values of acceleration acceleration and maximum acceleration speed of the projectile (bullet) compared to the prototype and, as a result, indicators of the combat effectiveness of the weapon - projectile energy, penetrating ability, firing range, accuracy, combat accuracy, etc.

In the drawing FIG. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for increasing the speed of an artillery shell. The device consists of a barrel 1 with an accelerating block 3 in the form of a cylinder, made inside the muzzle 2 of the barrel, the length of which corresponds to 4d of the barrel caliber, and the diameter is equal to the diameter of the leading belt of the projectile 4, and the charge in the sleeve has an additional charge 7 at the bottom of the sleeve, consisting of high-calarium powders with a mixture of explosive on top of which the main charge 6 of medium-calarium powders is located, the igniter primer 8 is pressed into the rear end part of the fire tube 5 and does not come into contact with the additional powder charge 7 at the rear.

The proposed design of the charge (cartridge) works as follows. When the striker striker hits the igniter capsule 8, it ignites and transmits the fire impulse through the fire tube 5 to the main charge 6. The combustion of the main powder charge 6 is carried out from the front end of the charge to the rear. The resulting gases during combustion create pressure on the bottom of the projectile 4. The projectile 6 crashes into rifling of the barrel and receives the speed of movement along the bore 1, after burning through the moderator, an additional charge 7 is triggered, which creates additional pressure and accelerates the projectile 6, which will be located in the accelerating block 3. As a result, the speed of the projectile increases, which ensures an increase in the firing range.

Claims (1)

A projectile containing a cartridge case, an igniter capsule, a propellant charge consisting of a main and additional charges installed sequentially in the projectile case, the additional charge contains high-calorie gunpowder with a mixture of explosives and is located at the bottom of the case, a moderator is installed on top, a main charge of medium-calorie powder, the igniter primer is pressed into the rear end of the cartridge case and is connected to a fire tube, which is isolated from the additional charge.