RU2811432C1 - Device for steaming soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: used for soil disinfection with steam. A device for steaming soil includes a steam distributor connected to a hollow shaft having outlet holes for steam to escape. The hollow shaft is placed in the housing and fixed to the frame. A receiving hopper is located on the frame, equipped with a chamber, inside of which there is a screw with an electric drive, coaxially with which a hollow shaft driven by a gear motor is fixed. On the outer surface of the hollow shaft along its entire length, radial mixing rods are rigidly fixed. The body is limited by an upper hemispherical cover and a lower hemispherical groove, which is connected to the chamber through a hinge and secured to the frame with a latch.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of the soil disinfection process with steam due to uniform mixing of the soil with simultaneous steam treatment.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and is used for soil disinfection with steam.

A known steamer includes a cylindrical chamber with a steam distributor located in it, consisting of a vertical hollow shaft and blades communicating with it in the form of tubes with holes that are bent along the involute of the circle in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft, and the holes are located on the inside evenly along the length tubes [1].

The disadvantage of the steamer is the uneven mixing of the product, which does not allow for optimal heat treatment.

A steamer is known, including a cylindrical chamber with a steam distributor located in it, which is a vertical hollow screw with an increasing pitch upward and having holes over the entire surface, the size of which is smaller than the size of the grain being processed, and the cylindrical chamber is enclosed in a sealed container, in which the lower and upper collectors, and between them pipes along the entire side surface of the cylindrical chamber, and the interpipe space of the sealed container is filled with quartz sand, and the pipes are shifted to the outer wall of the cylindrical chamber, touching it with their surface, while the inlet and outlet pipes are equipped with humidity sensors, and at the outlet For exhaust steam, a pressure sensor with a regulator controlled from the control unit is installed [2].

The disadvantage of the steamer is the relatively low productivity, low quality of steaming due to the presence of stagnant zones in the working volume of the chamber, which leads to uneven steaming.

A known device for steaming grain contains a housing with a steam distributor located in it. The body is oval in cross-section, has an internal steam distribution jacket with outlet holes and a mixing screw mounted on a hollow shaft with outlet holes for steam to escape. The turns of the mixing auger are made of different heights and follow the shape of the oval body. A shut-off valve is installed at the entrance to the oval housing. At the exit from the oval housing, a conical pipe with a conical unloading auger acts as a shut-off valve. The quality of grain steaming is improved by removing stagnant zones in the working area [3].

This device is the closest in technical essence and achieved result.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the process of treating soil with steam due to uneven mixing.

The problem to which the invention is aimed is to increase the efficiency of the soil disinfection process with steam, due to uniform mixing of the soil with simultaneous steam treatment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for steaming the soil, including a steam distributor connected to a hollow shaft having outlet holes for the release of steam and located in the housing, is mounted on a frame on which a receiving hopper is located, equipped with a chamber and an electrically driven auger, coaxially with which it is mounted a hollow shaft driven by a gear motor, on the outer surface of which radial mixing rods are rigidly fixed along its entire length, the housing being limited by an upper hemispherical cover and a lower hemispherical groove equipped with a hinge and a lock.

In fig. 1 shows a general view of the device for steaming soil; Fig. 2 - section A-A along the plane of the holes for steam outlet, in Fig. 3 - section BB along the plane of the rods for mixing the soil, in Fig. Figure 4 shows a general view of the device for steaming soil after unloading; FIG. 5 - axonometric projection of the lower hemispherical trench.

The device for steaming soil consists of a frame 1 on which an electric drive 2 is located, a receiving hopper 3 with a chamber 4, inside of which there is an auger 5 on the shaft from the electric drive 2. Coaxially with the shaft of the auger 5 in the chamber 4 there is a housing 6 containing a rigidly fixed upper hemispherical cover 7 and the lower hemispherical chute 8, which is connected through a hinge 9 to the chamber 4 and a clamp 10 is attached to the frame 1. In addition, the housing 6 contains a hollow shaft 11 driven by a gear motor 12, equipped along the entire length with holes 13 for steam outlet and radial rods 14. The hollow shaft 11 is connected to the steam feeder 15 through a steam distributor 16. At the bottom of the frame there is a container 17 for collecting steam-treated soil.

The device works as follows.

The initial volume of soil intended for disinfection with steam is loaded into the receiving hopper 3 and enters chamber 4, from where a screw 5, rotating from an electric drive 2, is fed into the area of the housing 6, limited by the upper hemispherical cover 7 and the lower hemispherical chute 8. As the worker is filled The volume of the device from the gear motor drive 12 transmits rotational motion to the hollow shaft 11, which, thanks to the radial rods 14, mixes the incoming volume of soil. At the same time, steam under the required pressure is supplied from the steam feeder 15 through the steam distributor 16, which is distributed along the length of the hollow shaft 11 into the steam outlet holes 13 and disinfects the volume of soil in the working area of the device housing 6. The volume of disinfected soil after treatment is unloaded from the device into container 17 through the lower hemispherical chute 8, which is opened by a latch 10 and rotated by a hinge 9.

Information sources:

1. Copyright certificate No. 1282888 A1 USSR, MPK V02V 1/08. Steamer: No. 3820263: app. 12/06/1984: publ. 01/15/1987 / A.N. Pilipenko, A.V. Timanovsky, N.D. Kolesnikov; applicant All-Union Scientific Research Design and Technology Institute on machines for complex mechanization and automation of livestock farms.

2. Utility model patent No. 128837 U1 Russian Federation, IPC V02V 1/08. Steamer: No. 2012147423/13: application. 07.11.2012: publ. 06/10/2013 / V.A. Samoilov, A.I. Yarum; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University".

3. Patent No. 2699190 C1 Russian Federation, IPC V02V 1/08. Device for steaming grain: No. 2018130546: application. 08/22/2018: publ. 09/03/2019 / V.N. Nevzorov, I.V. Matskevich, D.S. Bezyazykov [and others]; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University", (prototype).

Claims (1)

A device for steaming soil, including a steam distributor connected to a hollow shaft having outlet holes for the steam to escape, placed in a housing and mounted on a frame on which a receiving hopper is located, equipped with a chamber, inside of which there is an electrically driven auger, coaxially with which the hollow shaft is fixed with driven by a gear motor, on the outer surface of which radial mixing rods are rigidly fixed along the entire length, the body being limited by an upper hemispherical cover and a lower hemispherical groove, which is connected to the chamber through a hinge and secured to the frame by a latch.

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