RU2809315C1 - Heat pump heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems.

SUBSTANCE: heating systems with heat pumps that use heat from low-temperature sources of natural or artificial origin to produce water suitable for autonomous heating in low-rise residential buildings. A heat pump heating system containing a compressor for freon, the output of which is connected to the condenser input and the input is connected to the evaporator output, the condenser output is connected through a choke to the evaporator input, the evaporator is placed in a container with water, an air compressor, the output of which is located in a container with water under the evaporator, while the inlet of the tank is connected to a water source through a pipeline and a pump equipped with a timer, and the outlet of the tank is connected to a drain reservoir via a pipeline.

EFFECT: ability to operate the freon-water heat exchanger at a water temperature of +4°C and below without disrupting the heat exchange process due to icing.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating systems with heat pumps that use heat from low-temperature sources of natural or artificial origin to produce hot water or air suitable for autonomous heating in low-rise residential buildings.

A space heating system is known (RU, patent No. 2121114, publ. 10/27/1998). The space heating system includes main central heating pipelines and additionally contains a heat pump, and it is installed with the ability to connect to both the main pipeline with heated water and the main pipeline with cold water, depending on the time of year. In a closed circuit of the heat pump, two air heat exchangers with fans are installed both to cool the air in the room in the summer and to remove heat from the outside air in the demi-season.

This heating system cannot be used for autonomous heating of most private sector houses and country houses, because The efficiency of the system is achieved by partially using the thermal energy of the main pipeline.

Also known (RU, patent 2412401, published 02/20/2011) is a heating system for a residential building. The invention can be used for autonomous heating of individual buildings - cottages, detached residential buildings. The system contains a pool located in the basement of the house, in which there is a water-ice-water system, a heat pump located with the ability to cool the air in the air layer located above the upper layer of water, and heat the air in the heated room. In addition, the system contains a water pump installed with the ability to pump water from the lower layer to the upper layer, and a fan installed with the ability to pump air through the exhaust pipe from the specified air layer into the atmosphere outside the house, while the specified air layer is additionally communicated with the atmosphere. The possible efficiency of the heating system is negated by the fact that there is a water pool under the residential building, which is unacceptable from the point of view of comfort and sanitary standards.

A heating system is also known (RU, patent 2382281, publ. 02/20/2010), which uses a combination of a water-water coolant system; soil - water; air - air and solar energy to restore the thermal balance of the soil in the heat exchanger area.

The combined use of various coolants expands the capabilities of the heating system, however, the volume of coolant in the ground-water system is very limited, which will not allow the thermal potential of the soil to be restored during the summer period.

Also known (RU, patent 85989, publ.) is a combined heat supply system containing solar and heat pump water heating units with coolant circulation circuits equipped with automatic controls and connected to a common heat storage tank, which is combined with a heater and connected to the heating system circuit and hot water supply, while the circuit of one of the water heating installations is connected to a heat storage tank, and the circuit of the heat pump installation is connected to the circuit of the Earth's thermal energy source. In addition, the circuit of the solar water heating installation is connected through a heat exchanger to the circuit of the heat pump installation and the circuit of the Earth's thermal energy source, and the circuit of the heat pump installation is additionally equipped with a hydraulic buffer tank for mixing low-temperature coolant coming from the circuit of the solar water heating installation and/or the circuit of the Earth's thermal energy source.

The disadvantage of the system is that the small volume of low-temperature coolant of the heat exchangers in the wells and the low thermal conductivity of the soil do not allow the thermal potential of the surrounding soil to be restored during the summer period.

Also known (RU, patent 140455, published on May 10, 2014) is a heating system that includes two heat exchangers in the ground with the possibility of connecting them separately to a heat pump.

The presence of two heat exchangers in the ground increases the transfer of thermal energy to the input of the heat pump, but when the heat exchangers operate alternately, the thermal energy will not be enough for the normal operation of the heating system. Over time, it will be necessary to restore the thermal potential of the soil, which is not provided for in the proposed system.

Known (RU, patent 2350847, publ. 03/27/2009) is a system of autonomous heat supply to consumers based on installations using low-potential geothermal sources.

The system includes a ground-water compression heat pump, an internal circuit of a heat pump with a high-temperature coolant, an external circuit of a heat pump with a heat exchanger with a low-temperature coolant, as well as a solar collector, a tank for hot water supply, a control unit for heat flows of the system, liquid pumps for pumping coolants and hot water supply.

Increasing the efficiency of the heat supply system here is achieved through the use of solar energy to reheat the coolant in the low-potential coolant circulation circuit during the heating period, at low intensity of solar radiation, and restoring the temperature regime of wells during the non-heating period with the simultaneous generation of heat for hot water supply using solar collectors and the use of the potential of chilled wells for cooling premises, as well as ensuring the independence of the heating system from the centralized power supply system.

The disadvantage of this system is the impossibility of completely restoring the thermal potential of the surrounding soil during the summer period due to the small volume of low-temperature coolant in the heat exchangers in the wells.

The technical problem solved using the developed design is to expand the possibilities of using water with a temperature of +4÷-5°C to extract thermal energy.

The technical result achieved by implementing the developed design is the ability to operate the freon-water heat exchanger at a water temperature of +4°C and below without disrupting the heat exchange process due to icing.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use a heat pump heating system of the developed design. It contains a compressor for freon, the output of which is connected to the input of the condenser, and the input is connected to the output of the evaporator, the output of the condenser is connected through a choke to the input of the evaporator, the evaporator is placed in a container with water, an air compressor, the output of which is located in a container with water under the evaporator, the input The tank is connected to a water source through a pipeline and a pump equipped with a timer, and the outlet of the tank is connected to a drainage pond through a pipeline.

In one of the implementation options of the developed technical solution, the freon-water heat exchanger (condenser) is made in the form of a copper tube, wound in the form of a spiral and lowered into a tank in which pipes are made for supplying and draining water, and also a compressed air supply is organized under the water level for intensive mixing of water.

In another embodiment of the developed technical solution, water is mixed using an impeller.

In the future, the design will be examined using graphic material, with the following designations used: freon compressor 1, condenser (hot heat exchanger) 2, choke 3, evaporator (hot heat exchanger) 4, tank 5, supply pipe 6, pump 7, timer 8, water intake 9, outlet pipeline 10, drainage pond 11, air compressor 12.

The system works as follows. Freon compressor 1 compresses and heats gaseous freon, which is supplied to the condenser (hot heat exchanger) 2, where it transfers heat to the consumer and condenses. Next, the liquid freon enters throttle 3, where the freon pressure drops and is cooled to negative temperatures. Next, the freon enters the evaporator (cold heat exchanger) 4, where, due to the heat of the water in tank 5, the freon evaporates and returns to the freon compressor 1. Water is supplied to tank 5 through the supply pipeline 6 by pump 7, the operating mode of which is set by timer 8, from the water intake 9. Through the drain pipeline 10, the cooled water is discharged into the drain reservoir 11. The air compressor 12 supplies air to the tank 5 under the evaporator 4 for intensive mixing of the water and intensification of heat exchange.

The source of water can be a well, borehole, or open reservoir. The drainage reservoir can be a well, a borehole, or an open reservoir located separately from the source.

The pump 7 is turned on for a time sufficient to fill the tank 5 with warm water from the water intake 9. The water in the tank 5 is cooled, giving off thermal energy to the evaporator 4. After a period of time sufficient to cool the water in the tank 5 to a temperature of approximately +1°C, the timer 8 turns on pump 7, cooled water is displaced by warm water and drained through drain pipeline 10 into drain reservoir 11. To prevent freezing of the evaporator (cold heat exchanger) 4, air compressor 12 supplies air to tank 5 for intensive mixing of water.

Claims (2)

1. Heat pump heating system containing a compressor for freon, the output of which is connected to the condenser input, and the input is connected to the evaporator output, the condenser output is connected through a choke to the evaporator input, the evaporator is placed in a container with water, an air compressor, the output of which is located in a container with water under the evaporator, while the inlet of the tank is connected to a water source through a pipeline and a pump equipped with a timer, and the outlet of the tank is connected to a drain reservoir through a pipeline. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator is made in the form of a tube wound in the form of a spiral.

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