RU2767253C1 - Air conditioning system using natural source cold - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to air conditioning and ventilation technology and can be used for cooling air conditioners in domestic, administrative and industrial premises. To achieve the expected result, an air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source is proposed, containing a water intake device, an air cooler, heat exchangers, a pipeline system with shut-off valves and circulation pumps. What is new is that the system contains two circuits connected by a heat exchanger located between them (5). The first circuit is a cooling system designed to circulate cold river water in it. The second circuit represents the cold consumption system. In this case, the first circuit contains a group of submersible pumps (1), a channel water intake with a fish protection device (2), a self-cleaning filter (4), a heat exchanger (5), pressure gauges (14), thermometers (15), shut-off valves (13), a perforated drainage pipe (11) and a connecting pipeline (3). The second circuit, representing a cold consumption system, contains a heat exchanger (5), an air cooler (8), circulation pumps (7) with a pressure switch (18), filter (17), equipment supply and protection unit, including a diaphragm expansion vessel (9) and a safety valve (10). The circuit also contains a temperature sensor (6) connected to a controller (12) designed to control the cooling system, pressure gauges (14), thermometers (15) and a connecting pipeline (3). In addition, both circuits contain drainage fittings (19) and automatic air valves (16) built into the connecting pipeline.

EFFECT: implementation of an environment-friendly refrigeration supply method for the year-round operation of an air conditioning system without refrigerating machines, when using water from “cold” rivers as a coolant and increasing energy efficiency by reducing energy consumption.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to air conditioning and ventilation technology and can be used for refrigeration of air conditioners in domestic, administrative and industrial premises.

A prerequisite for the creation of the invention is that the operation of engineering equipment systems significantly affects the environmental situation, especially in large cities. In addition, the cost of energy resources is constantly increasing. Recently, there has been a constant search for the most effective ways to reduce energy consumption. One of them is the use of renewable energy sources, including river water, to condition the microclimate of buildings located on the banks of rivers in order to reduce electricity consumption for the refrigeration system. The prospect of using cold water as a source of cooling for buildings built on the banks of large rivers is obvious. In this regard, a technical solution based on the use of water from "cold" rivers as an unconventional renewable source of cold for air conditioning systems will lead to a significant increase in energy efficiency and reduce air conditioning costs. Features of the unique temperature regime, for example, of the Yenisei River, make it possible to approach the solution of the problem of obtaining a coolant much easier and at a lower cost than the traditional use of refrigeration equipment.

From the prior art, for example, an air conditioner operating on the principle of a compression refrigeration machine is known, containing a housing with two compartments, an evaporator, a capillary tube, a condenser filled with refrigerant, a compressor and fans, and the condenser and evaporator are located in different compartments equipped with independent fans (Patent RF No. 2170886 C1, priority date 01/05/2000, publication date 07/20/2001, authors: Levkin V.V. et al., RU).

A disadvantage of the known air conditioner is high energy consumption, which reduces its energy efficiency, due to the need to use electricity to operate the compressor, which compresses the freon and maintains its movement along the refrigeration circuit, as well as for the operation of the fans.

A natural air conditioner is also known that uses the cold of permafrost soils, including a coil placed in permafrost soil and connected to a closed air exchange pipeline equipped with an inlet damper and located along the perimeter of the cooled premises, while the circulation of cooled air through the pipeline is carried out using a pump with an automatic switch-on controller - ambient temperature shutdown, built into the common cooling system, which contributes to efficient air conditioning in rooms in the summer with little energy consumption for cold generation (RF Patent No. 2538520 C1, priority date 07/15/2013, publication date 01/10/2015, authors: Pakhomov N.I. and others, RU).

The disadvantages of a natural air conditioner are: the area of use is summer time, the limitation of cooling capacity by the overall dimensions of the coil, as well as labor costs when installing the coil in frozen ground.

As a prototype, a well-known air conditioning system using natural cold was adopted, containing a container that acts as a night cold accumulator, an air cooler, an irrigation chamber, a fan, a three-way valve, centrifugal pumps, a valve, air dampers and a mixing chamber (RF Patent No. 2291355, priority date 05.04 .2005, publication date 10.01.2007, authors: Kochetov O.S. et al., RU, prototype).

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- low energy efficiency due to the cost of electricity for the operation of the fan and for the accumulation of cold;

- limiting the period of operation and cooling capacity by the overall dimensions of the accumulator tank;

- low efficiency in summer, due to the fact that the use of circulating water in the irrigation chamber contributes to the formation of microflora (bacteria), which limits the possibility of using the system for servicing residential buildings.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the creation of an air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source by implementing an environmentally friendly method of refrigeration for its year-round operation without refrigeration machines when using "cold" river water as a coolant.

To solve the technical problem, an air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source is proposed, containing a water intake device, an air cooler, heat exchangers, a piping system with shutoff valves and circulation pumps. What is new is that the system contains two circuits, united by a heat exchanger located between them, the first circuit is a refrigeration supply system designed to circulate cold river water in it, the second circuit is a cold consumption system, while the first circuit contains a group of submersible pumps, a channel water intake with a fish protection device, a self-cleaning filter, a heat exchanger, pressure gauges, thermometers, shutoff valves, a perforated drainage pipe and a connecting pipeline, and the second circuit, representing a cold consumption system, contains a heat exchanger, an air cooler, circulation pumps with a pressure switch, a filter, a feeding and equipment protection unit , including a diaphragm expansion vessel and a safety valve, the circuit also contains a temperature sensor associated with a controller designed to control the refrigeration system, pressure gauges, thermometers and a connecting pipeline, in addition, both circuits contain a drain important fittings and automatic air vents built into the connecting pipeline.

According to the invention, the air cooler is part of the central air conditioner.

According to the invention, the system comprises a gasketed plate heat exchanger.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of an air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source, where the following symbols are indicated.

1. Group of submersible pumps

2. Channel water intake with a fish protection device

3. Pipeline

4. Self-cleaning filter

5. Plate heat exchanger

6. Temperature sensor

7. Group of circulation pumps

8. Air cooler

9. Membrane expansion vessel

10. Safety valve

11. Perforated drain pipe

12. Controller

13. Shut-off valves

14. Pressure gauge

15. Thermometer

16. Automatic air vent

17. Mesh filter

18. Pressure switch

19. Drainage fittings.

The given scheme of the air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source contains two circuits. The first circuit is a refrigeration system designed to circulate the water of cold rivers in it, for example, the Yenisei River. The second circuit is a system for consuming cold with circulating tap water. In this case, the circuits are interconnected by a plate-type collapsible heat exchanger 5.

The air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source operates as follows.

Water from the river bed is pumped into the cold supply system by a group of submersible pumps 1 through a channel water intake with a fish protection device 2. Through pipeline 3, water passes through a self-cleaning filter 4 and enters a collapsible plate heat exchanger 5, where it transfers cold to the second circuit. The performance of pumps 1 is controlled by controller 12 using temperature sensor 6. Thus, when the temperature in the second circuit rises, pumps 1 increase the flow in the primary circuit.

Coolant circulation in the secondary circuit is provided by a group of circulation pumps 7 with a pressure switch 18 designed to protect against dry running. The coolant through pipelines 3 enters the air cooler 8, which may be part of the central air conditioner. Returning from the consumer, the coolant passes through the mesh filter 17.

To maintain a constant pressure in the secondary circuit, make-up and a membrane expansion vessel 9 are provided, and a safety valve 10 is provided to protect the equipment from pressure increase.

Water is discharged into the river through a perforated drainage pipe 11 to prevent soil erosion.

To remove air from the system, automatic air vents 16 are provided, and drainage fittings 19 are installed to empty the system.

To monitor the control of the system operation, pressure gauges 14 and thermometers 15 are installed on pipeline 3, and shut-off valves 13 are installed to service the system.

The recommended use of a gasketed plate heat exchanger in the system as a heat exchanger is due to the possibility of cleaning it in case of contamination.

The proposed air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source can be successfully used year-round for buildings located near cold water bodies. At the same time, cold is obtained without refrigeration machines, using a natural source of cold (cold river), which is not limited in its resource, and the system that implements this method of refrigeration, in addition to those indicated, has the following advantages:

- saving resources, in particular, electricity required only for the operation of pumps;

- low capital investment costs, as refrigeration equipment of similar capacity will cost more;

- noise reduction, which is especially important in residential construction;

- simplicity and low cost of maintenance without the need for highly qualified specialists in cryogenic technology;

- environmental friendliness of the refrigeration supply method, since water is used as a coolant in the system, and not freons, freons.

The technical result achieved by the invention consists in the implementation of an environmentally friendly method of refrigeration for year-round operation of the air conditioning system without refrigeration machines, using the water of "cold" rivers as a coolant and in increasing energy efficiency by reducing energy costs.

Claims (3)

1. An air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source, containing a water intake, an air cooler, heat exchangers, a piping system with shutoff valves and circulation pumps, characterized in that it contains two circuits connected by a heat exchanger located between them, the first circuit is a refrigeration system designed for circulation of cold river water in it, the second circuit is a cold consumption system, while the first circuit contains a group of submersible pumps, a channel water intake with a fish protection device, a self-cleaning filter, a heat exchanger, pressure gauges, thermometers, shutoff valves, a perforated drainage pipe and a connecting pipeline, and the second the circuit representing the cold consumption system contains a heat exchanger, an air cooler, circulation pumps with a pressure switch, a filter, a unit for feeding and protecting equipment, including a membrane expansion vessel and a safety valve, con the circuit also contains a temperature sensor connected to a controller designed to control the refrigeration system, pressure gauges, thermometers and a connecting pipeline, in addition, both circuits contain drain fittings and automatic air vents built into the connecting pipeline. 2. Air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source according to claim 1, characterized in that the air cooler is part of the central air conditioner. 3. Air conditioning system using the cold of a natural source according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a collapsible plate heat exchanger.

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