RU2805858C1 - Impact-abrasion type cone grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: feed industry.

SUBSTANCE: devices for grinding bulk material used in the preparation of feed, mainly grain and grain products, used in agricultural production and feed industry. The chopper contains a vertically mounted cylindrical body 1, closed by an upper cover 2 and a lower cover 3, mounted on supports 4. Inside the housing 1 there is a conical separating surface 5, on which slotted holes are made along the entire perimeter with a uniform step at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the normal, which simultaneously perform the functions of both the separating surface and the decks. The profile of the rotor 6, as well as the profile of the separating surface, is made in the form of a truncated cone with an angleα relative to its axis of rotation. Angle valueα is in the range from 10 to 30 degrees depending on the height of the rotor and is selected so that the reduction in linear speed at the ends of the hammers is from 20 to 25% when the material moves from the top row of hammers to the bottom and is at least 30 m/s at the ends hammers of the bottom row.

EFFECT: grinder ensures timely removal of the finished product from the grinding zone, reducing overgrinding of material and energy consumption for crushing.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding bulk material used in the preparation of feed, mainly grain and grain products, and can be used in agricultural production and the feed industry.

A cone hammer crusher is known, invention patent RU 2129044, IPC B02C 2/02. The cone crusher contains a frame with a crushing bowl, the working surface of which is made in the form of annular steps directed towards the receiving hole and forms a crushing chamber with the armor of the crushing cone; on the outer surface of the armor of the crushing cone in its lower part there are protrusions placed along the forming elements of the armor at a length of 0 .25-0.5 of the length of the generatrix, and having a cross-section that decreases in the direction of the smaller diameter of the cone.

A centrifugal cone grinder is known, invention patent RU 2193447, IPC B02C 13/20 (prototype). A centrifugal cone grinder includes a cylindrical body with vertically mounted upper and lower counter-rotating working bodies. The lower working body is a truncated cone, on the upper base of which accelerating ribs are located. The upper working body with a loading hole in the upper part has the shape of a conical recess, the inner surface of which, like the conical part of the lower working body, is made of V-shaped ribs made of wear-resistant material.

The main disadvantages of the cone hammer crusher and the prototype are the untimely removal of the finished product from the crushing zone, and, accordingly, its overgrinding and increased energy costs for the working process.

The technical result is aimed at timely removal of the finished product from the grinding zone, reducing overgrinding of the material and energy consumption for crushing.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the design of a conical impact-abrasive type grinder is proposed, containing a housing with upper and lower covers, a loading mechanism, a drive motor, a rotor with hammers, while slotted holes are made on the separating surface along the entire perimeter with a uniform pitch, at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the normal, which simultaneously perform the functions of both the separating surface and the decks, and the rotor profile, as well as the profile of the separating surface, is made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle α relative to the axis of rotation. The presence of a separating surface in the form of slotted holes along the periphery of the rotor allows timely removal of crushed material from the crushing zone. Angle α varies in the range from 10 to 30 degrees depending on the height of the rotor and is selected so that the decrease in linear speed at the ends of the hammers ranges from 20 to 25% when the material moves from the top row of hammers to the bottom and is equal to at least 30 m/s at the ends of the hammers of the bottom row. Due to this shape of the rotor profile and the separating surface, the homogeneity of the air-product layer circulating inside the crushing chamber is destroyed when the material moves from the upper row of hammers to the lower ones. This makes it possible to reduce the overgrinding of the finished product (dirty) due to the intensification of the separation process and, as a result, the granulometric composition of the finished product at the outlet is leveled and energy consumption is reduced. By changing the size of the gap between the hammers and the separating surface, you can adjust the size of the air-product layer to achieve the best energy and grinding characteristics of the grinder when crushing various types of grain materials, as well as their mixtures.

The described device is illustrated by the following graphic material.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a general cross-sectional view of the chopper.

In fig. Figure 2 shows the separating surface in section.

The grinder contains a vertically mounted cylindrical body 1, closed by a top cover 2 and a bottom cover 3, mounted on supports 4. Inside the body 1 there is a conical separating surface 5 at an angle α to the axis of rotation of the rotor 6, on the surface of which slotted slots are made along the entire perimeter with a uniform pitch holes at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the normal, which simultaneously serve as both a separating surface and a deck. On the rotor 6, there are blocks of hammers with one degree of freedom relative to the fastening fingers 7. The rotor is driven by an electric motor 8. To prevent excess air from suction into the crushing chamber, a seal 10 is installed between the bottom cover 3 of the crusher and the shaft of the electric motor 9. The electric motor is mounted on guides 11 , which allows it to be moved in the vertical direction , both statically and dynamically, by a movement mechanism consisting of a screw pair 12, a support 13 and a drive steering wheel 14. The grain material enters the crushing chamber through the loading mechanism 15, installed on the top cover 2. To ensure uniform supply of grain material into the crushing chamber, a distribution cone 16 is installed on the rotor 6, under the loading mechanism 15. The profile of the rotor 6, as well as the profile of the separating surface 5, is made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle α relative to the axis of its rotation. Moving the electric motor 8 with the rotor 6 along the guides 11 , relative to the crusher body 1, allows you to adjust the gap between the hammers and the separating surface 5.

The proposed device allows the finished product to be removed from the grinding zone in a timely manner, reducing overgrinding of the material and energy consumption for crushing.

Claims (1)

A conical grinder of impact-abrasion type, containing a housing with an upper and lower cover, a loading mechanism, a drive electric motor with fastening and adjustment elements, a rotor with working elements, characterized in that slot holes are made on the separating surface along the entire perimeter with a uniform pitch at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the normal, which simultaneously perform the functions of both the separating surface and the decks, and the rotor profile, as well as the profile of the separating surface, is made in the form of a truncated cone relative to the axis of rotation with an angle α ranging from 10 to 30 degrees.