RU27985U1 - FILM GREENHOUSE - Google Patents

Description

FILM GREENHOUSE

The Utility Model relates to rural agriculture, and more particularly, to the constructions of film greenhouses and paraopses intended for embracing vegetables, flowers and seedlings in the spring-summer period, mainly in conditions of deficiency of useful soil in a garden or garden plot.

The various constructions of film greenhouses and hotbeds with arched frames (arches) are known.

Known nahfyur film loaf according to the patent of the Russian Federation N 204X606, A01G 9/14, 1993, containing a frame made of sections formed by arched elements (arches) with sleeve film poksrya stretched over them. These arches are interconnected by spacers, and between the sections there are gaskets of an X-shaped perfume made of elastic material.

This design of the greenhouse, although it provides sin

inside the greenhouse of a certain temperature and humidity and eliminates atmospheric precipitation, however, the disadvantages of such a greenhouse 5zv1 are significant low-tech manufacturing, poor structural rigidity, significantly reducing the reliability of its operation, as well as uneconomical use of the internal space of the heat and irrational use of the useful garden area -city plot, occupied by) greenhouses.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect from its use to the claimed solution is the well-known construction of a film greenhouse according to a.s. USSR N 1148589, A01G 9/14, 1983.

This greenhouse contains a frame made in the form of a base of a pseudo-angular base, formed by two lofty stegs and two horizontal stggs, with arc-shaped trusses fixed on it, each of which consists of two arched tubes

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AOIG 9/14

arches), and between the Ferviani longitudinal grooves are made, running along the arches, k is a film coating with an installation fixing it, made in the form of tensioning snows in longitudinal grooves.

The film coating is made sectional along the length of the greenhouse, and each section is made in the form of a sleeve film, the width of which when folded is equal to the distance between adjacent complaints, and the pressure cords are placed in pairs inside and along each section of the sleeve film with the possibility of them {insulating on adjacent gutters.

At each end, the greenhouse is closed by a spherical truss mounted on a frame with a door.

The design of such a greenhouse allows you to mount and shunt the film coating, and also provides good sealing of the greenhouse.

At the same time, the construction of the greenhouse cage with a complicated construction is not technologically advanced, the installation and dismantling of the greenhouse is complicated by the large number of necessary preparatory opergifos, as well as the need to apply a film coating that is only liberated. In addition to this, the use of the internal space of the greenhouse is uneconomical, since the peculiarities of the shape of the bushes of the plants growing in the greenhouse at the roots are not taken into account, the space that is burnt by the stems of the bushes should be m chemical, and the space occupied at the top by the background of the bushes should be the maximum possible), which reduces the area n | I1 less effective use of such a greenhouse.

The task, the solution of which the claimed utility model is aimed at, is to increase the efficiency of the use of film film due to the simplification of its manufacture, installation and demographic, as well as to increase the convenience, rationality and economy of its operation.

- 2 This problem is solved first of all due to the technical result that arises from the use of the proposed utility model and consists in a substantial simplification of the construction of the film film frame, giving it the most detailed form and in ensuring that it is experimentally determined by the most optimal ratios of its parameters.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known film loaf containing a frame made in the form of a rectangular base, formed by two lower generous stringers and two lower horizontal couplers, with arches fixed to it, a film coating with its fixing device made in the form of placed s hfodolny gutters running along the arches, a set of back-side strand cords, and, at least 2 jury, one door installed in one of the ends of the frame,

firstly, the arches are additionally fastened together by a set of upper longitudinal strings, similar to the lower stringers of the base, and the end arches are equipped with upper horizontal couplers, fixed and large, small and vertical posts fixedly connected to the lower horizontal couplers of the base, and struts placed from the inner side of the end arches and fixedly connected to the lower longitudinal stringers of the base, while / all sash elements of the frame are arches, upper and lower longitudinal nye Article | Ya1ngery, large and maln uprights, upper and lower hcherizontalnye st5azhki, struts, the frame is made yaverk

from the same profile / figuratively 1x section, forming

W W on the outside of the arches, large and small vertical uprights, upper

and lower horizontal braces and frames, longitudinal gutters,

secondly, each arch in the section in the vertical plane is made f - shaped.

- 3 in-and-out, usfroixfix fixation film cover is additionally equipped with a set of end tension cords, sized in longitudinal grooves, spouts along end arches, and a set of end pressure strips installed in the grooves of the upper tezizontal horizontal stitches, large and small , and Fakzhe door frames and made IDs of the same profile as the power elements of the frame,

fourthly, at the end of the greenhouse opposite the door there is a window, {fixed on large vertical posts with the possibility of rotation, prglch & m. the window frame is also made of the same profile as the frame's power elements, and is equipped with a window film coating fixed by a set of end pressure strips installed in the grooves of the window frame,

fifthly, to ensure maximum structural rigidity, Kapieac is made with the following ratio of pg149 measures of its elements:

R / T from 2.4 to 3.5, where: R is the inner radius of the arch;

T - step between arches,

secondly, in order to ensure the most rational use of the useful area of the plot, the frame is made with the following aspect ratio of its elements: H / R from 1.18 to 1.69, where: H is the height of the arch;

R is the inner radius of the arch,

seventh, in order to ensure the most convenient operation, the teshtsts frame is made with the following correlation of parameters:

M / S from 4 to 5 kg / sq, m, where: M is the mass of the frame (kg);

S - flank of the base of the frame (sq.m).

- 4 - lighten the origi kasu increased useful The Oripshal form of the cross section and the special ratios of the parameters of the cherished, but rigid main power elnenfs of the skeleton, as well as the rational rational and additional crescent-like shape of the carp-shaped cross-sectional shape of the Feshshtsy, make it possible to significantly increase its efficiency especially in conditions of scarce floor space of any garden plot. Assuming (the fourth utility model is illustrated by drawings, in which: - Fig. 1 shows the proposed film greenhouse in a side view; - Fig. 2 shows a front view along arrow A of the tephenagiem film greenhouse with the front door showing; - Fig. 3 shows rear view along arrow B of the proposed film greenhouse; - Fig. 4 shows a diagram of a typical connection of arches with longitudinal stringers; - Fig. 5 is a sectional view along BB line of a typical connection of 9 lv elements of longitudinal stringers; - Fig. 6 is shown scheme for securing the frame to the ground; FIG. Fig. 7 shows a diagram of the places of the krvalvia of the frame power elements between themselves; - Fig. 8 shows a diagram of the place I of fastening the elements of the lower bracket 13 of the horizontal screeds together; - Fig. 9 shows a diagram of the place of II fastening of the end arch with the lower horizontal screed; 10 shows a diagram of the place III of the fastening of the end arch with the upper horizontal side; -Fig. 11 shows a cross-section along G-G of the place III of fastening the front arch with the upper horizontal side; e in FIG. in FIG. on Fir. in FIG. in FIG. on the FIRE. on the FIRE. on the FIRE. on the FIRE. on the FIRE. 12 shows a diagram of the Mesfa IV fastening the end arch with a small vertical strut, as well as a typical diagram of the iq enjieBWDi elenate arches between them; 13 depicts cxsaaa. places V of the fastening of the archway with a large vertical stand: 14 shows a diagram of the ayust of the VI hending of the upper horizontal screed with a small vertical stand; 15 shows a section along DD of the place VI for attaching the upper horizontal screed with a small vertical strut; 16 shows a diagram of the location of the VII fastening of the lower humeral screed with a large vertical stand; 17 shows a greenhouse door in a front view showing cutouts of a door leaf of a film coating panel; 18 shows a diagram of the mounting location VIII of the vertical and horizontal parts of the door frame with the door hinge showing; 19 shows a section along BB the place of attachment of the door hinge; 20 shows a diagram of the installation of a torzavoro panel of film-film pokrktiya; 21 isobrgikeno section along Zh-Zh places of fastening of lateral and panels of film pokritiya with psavotsu of lateral and end tension cords; - b-on FIG. 22 shows a section along 3-3 mounting points

vopu / sBOTo swivel cover panels with the help of ts core clamping strips;

FIG. 23 shows place IX in FIG. 20 showing a diagram

tightening the tension cords;

FIG. 24 shows the design of the window with showing

arrangement of window hinges;

FIG. 25 shows a section through the mounting

window handles.

The prefilled film greenhouse contains a frame, see Figs. 1,2,3), made in the form of a rectangular base 1, formed by two lower lateral lavish strfhngery 2 and two end horizontal lower screeds 3, with arches 4 fixed on it, and at least at least one door 5 (see Figure 2), mounted in one of the ends of the frame. of this, arches 4 are fastened together by a set of upper longitudinal steyashger 6, similar to the lower longitudinal stringers 2 basazoshosh 1, and voifay / esae, arches (front 7 and rear 8) are equipped with motionless upper horizontal bands 9, large 10 and 11 vertical struts fixedly connected to the lower horizontal couplers 3 of the base 1, and struts 12, spaced from the inside of the end arches 7 and 8 and fixedly connected to the lower longitudinal struts 2 of the base 1. Moreover, all the power elshants of the frame are arches 4,7,8, upper 6 and lower 2 hodolnse all stringers, big 10 and small 11 vertical racks, upper 9 and lower 3 horizontal ties, struts 12, as well as door frame 5, are made of the same profile

- figurative cross-section, on the outside of the arches 4,7,8, large 10 and small 11 vertical posts, the top 9 and lower 3 horizontal ties and the frame are two 5 longitudinal gutters.

- 7 In addition to the ephemeral, each arch is 4.7.8 in cross section in the vertical plane of the f-shaped voleyoleka.

There is also a pepeyka coating, consisting of three parts (panels): lateral (including heiruga) 13 (see "ig. 1.21), end 14 (sk. Fig.20.21) and door 15 (see Fig.17 ), with the device for its fixation, made in the form of (see g. 21), firstly, a set of lateral tension cords 16 placed in longitudinal grooves running along the outside from the inside of the arches 4, and secondly, a set of end aluminum extension cords 17 located in longitudinal grooves running along the outside from the inside of the end arches 7.8, and thirdly (see Fig. 17.22), a set of end clamping strips 18 installed in elobah the outer side of the upper hcheriaontalnyh couplers 9, 10 and bolyyu1h small uprights 11 and rgiiy door 5 and formed ua the same profile as the load-bearing elements carcass.

If necessary, a window 19 can be installed on the opposite side of door 5 (see Fig. 3.24), a window 19 mounted on large vertical posts 10 with the possibility of rotation, and the frame 20 of the window 19 is also made of the same profile as the power elements the frame, and is equipped with a vented film pokrkzhom 21, fixed by a set of end clamping strips 18, which are installed in the grooves of the frame 20 of the form 19.

As a result of numerous tests of the film structure of the proposed design, the most optimal ratios of some parameters of the elements of the frame structure were obtained experimentally.

To ensure maximum rigidity of the frame structure and to prevent the film from squeaking, it was determined that the most optimal ratio of the size of the radius R of the arch is 4.7.8 (for example, at R °

- and -

OF 1300 to 1700 mi) and the size of the checker T between arches 4.7.8 (natimer, at T 04 490 to 550 mi) lies within the bounds of 2.4 - 3.5 cm. "Kg. 1,2).

In order to ensure the most rational use of a useful shuzadi of small garden plots with a maximum productivity of Fvshshtsy, it was determined that the most optimal ratio of the size of the arch H is 4.7.8 (for example, at K from 2000 to 2200 mm) and the size R of the arch radius is 4.7 , 8 (nahfshyur, with R e from 1300 to 1700 mm) lies in the range from 1.18 to 1.69 (see Figure 2).

To ensure the most convenient operation of the greenhouse when it is necessary to manipulate it assembled within the garden and garden section, it was determined that the most optimal ratio of the mass M of the frame (for example, at M is from 56 to 70 kg) and the area S of the base 1 of the frame , equal to the area of the Soil occupied by him (for example, shouting S about 14 sq.m.), lies in the limit x from 4 to 5 kg / sq.m.

The proposed film greenhouse is collected, installed and operated as follows.

Assembling and installing the truck begins with the assembly of its frame.

First, you need to prepare a flat area of soil with a size not less than the area occupied by the comforter, on which the assembly will be carried out.

Then you should sort all the elements of the frame by size and collect the arches 4,7,8 (each of 3 alv1yunts, as shown in Figs. 7, 12).

It should be noted that the assembly of all elements of the frame of the greenhouse is carried out using ordinary screws and nuts, as well as a conventional tool.

 9 .

After assembling the arches 4,7,8 on the two arches 7 and 8, you need to fix the upper gerizongalnivy couplers 9, large 10 and less than 11 faithful stands.

At the bottom of the arches 4,7,8 (see Fig. 7,9) you need to install screws and nuts, leaving free space to ensure the placement of the tension cords 16 and 17 (see Fig. 21,23).

Next, all the longitudinal st1E ribs 2.6 are assembled (at the open, and & 3-x parts). After that, the ends of the upper stripper 6 (see Fig. 4) crumble with the midpoints of the arches 7.8, after which the remaining elongated stringers 2.6 are sequentially installed (their settings are shown in Figs. 7, 9, 10, 12).

Then, the arch arches 4 are installed and fixed sequentially, starting from the ends, on the apKaix 7.8 installations, struts 12 are fixed and fixed (see Figure 1).

After this, you need to braid and, if necessary, to tighten the fastenings of the fastenings of all elements of the frame. A properly assembled frame of a teschoff acquires sufficient rigidity and strength only after installing and tightening the fastenings of all exché elements.

Next, the door frame 5 is assembled from the source elements using the scarves 22 and the hinges are installed. At the same time, the left ears 24 are fixed to the vertical clamping bar 23 (see Figs. 17, 18, 19), and the right ears 25 are secured to the large vertical stand 10. In addition, another left eyelet 24 of the loop can be installed on the other clamping bar 24 and use go as a device for fixing the door in the closed position. After that, the film 15 is cut out with an allowance of Z 60-70 mm (see Fig. 17) and, with a writing clamping plate 18, is attached to the frame S.

After that, the film is installed on the frame

- 10 coverings, sofoshechshey from the side polofnio a (including the roof) 13 (see Fig. 1.21), Forekhtsev polofnio 14 (sy. Fig. 20.21) and the door panel 15 (sk. Fig.17.19).

First, cut & ahhhg with an allowance of TC, the grooves of the railing 14 and fixed with end clamping strips 18 (see Fig. 20). One end of the end tension cord 17 is tied over the protrusion of the screw part 26 (see Firm 7.9), after which the end tension cord 17 is laid in the longitudinal groove of the arch 7 or 8. (It is recommended to moisten the cord with water before laying). the end of the end tension cord 17 on the eight-sided side of the arch 7 or 8 needs to be pulled through the bar 27, fixed on the frame with the cord-retainer 28 (see Fig. 23), select the slack of the cord 17, pulling the $ 1x wring strap 27, and tie the end of the cord 17 free node, thereby reliably fixing the end panel 14.

After that, the side panel 13 is taken in with an allowance, which is set so that the edges of the panel extend beyond the contour of the arch 7 or 8, for example, by 80 mm, and beyond the lower side centering stringer 2, not less than 200 mm.

Next, it is necessary to install (see Fig. 21) the lateral tension cords 16, placing them in the longitudinal grooves, running along the outer side inside the arches 4,7,8, and tighten and fix them using the straps 27 (see Fig. 23) .

After that, the assembled greenhouse is installed in place, for example, on the fitted wooden bars 29 (see Fig. 6) and fissured in the ground with the help of shtfey (hairpins) 30.

The lower free ends of the film coat should be sprinkled with soil along the length of the tehishis, compacting the place of dusting.

The greenhouse is ready for operation19 and.

In the process of operation of the greenhouse and its maintenance is carried out through the door 5.

-11 In addition, the Fegshitsa ventilation can be carried out either with the help of an additional window vent 19 mounted on the hinges 19, rotated on the hinges 31 (Fig. 24) and fixed from the end handle 32 (see Fig. 25), or by lifting the film on either side of the heat .

If necessary, the film or part of it can be quickly removed completely or reinstalled at sixth.

When installing the truck on loose soil or open terrain, in order to avoid moving it under the action of strong winds, it is recommended to additionally fix its frame relative to the ground with a month of anchors buried in the ground (not shown in the drawing), made from improvised means and fixed on the frame.

Using the proposed utility model allows you to:

1. To ensure the high technolability of the film heat production by simplifying the design of its frame and other main components, as well as by using the majority of the main power parts from the same light and hard profile and making it possible to use any film for film coating.

2. Significantly increase the efficiency of the use of the greenhouse due to the simplification of its installation and operation, both as a whole and often $ 1M, of only a film coating, as well as increasing the convenience of its operation.

3. To increase the reliability of the operation of the greenhouse by increasing the rigidity of both the main load-bearing elements, construct by applying a rigid profile, and the whole frame in integrally by applying a rigid horseshoe-shaped in vertical section of the frame shape.

4. Significantly increase the efficiency of use of the greenhouse by giving 9 & the most rational form, taking into account the form

(

- 12 plants growing in the greenhouse, as well as by ensuring a more rational use of the usable area of small garden plots to ensure maximum productivity of the greenhouse.

5. Significantly increase the efficiency of the use of the greenhouse through the application of the most optimal ratios of the elements of the greenhouse and its parameters obtained by the experimental method.

6. Improve the operating conditions of the heating system by expanding the ventilation capabilities of the greenhouse.

- 13 FORMULA

Claims (7)

1. A film greenhouse containing a frame made in the form of a rectangular base formed by two lower longitudinal stringers and two lower horizontal screeds, with arches fixed to it, a film coating with a fixing device made in the form of longitudinal gutters running along the arches, a set of lateral tension cords, and at least one door installed in one of the ends of the frame, characterized in that the arches are additionally fastened together by a set of upper longitudinal stringers, analog lower longitudinal stringers of the base, and the end arches are equipped with upper horizontal couplers fixedly attached to them, large and small vertical struts, fixedly connected to the lower horizontal couplers of the base, and struts placed on the inside of the end arches and fixedly connected with the lower longitudinal stringers of the base, in this case, all the power elements of the frame - arches, upper and lower longitudinal stringers, large and small vertical racks, upper and lower horizontal with hooks, struts, door frame made of the same profile

shaped section, forming on the outside of the arches, large and small vertical pillars, upper and lower horizontal screeds and door frames longitudinal gutters. 2. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that each arch in cross section in a vertical plane is made

shaped.  3. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixation device for the film coating is additionally equipped with a set of end tension cords placed in the longitudinal grooves running along the end arches, and a set of end pressure clamps installed in the grooves of the upper horizontal ties, large and small vertical racks, as well as the door frame and made of the same profile as the power elements of the frame.  4. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that a window is installed on the end of the greenhouse opposite the door, mounted on large vertical posts with the possibility of rotation, and the window frame is made of the same profile as the power elements of the frame and is equipped with a window film coating, fixed by a set of end clamping strips installed in the grooves of the window frame. 5. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made with the following aspect ratio of its elements
R / T = 2.4 - 3.5,
where R is the inner radius of the arch;
T - step between arches. 6. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made with the following aspect ratio of its elements
H / R = 1.18 - 1.69,
where H is the height of the arch;
R is the inner radius of the arch. 7. The film greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made with the following ratio of its parameters
M / S = 4 - 5 kg / m ² ,
where M is the mass of the frame, kg;
S is the area of the base of the frame, m ² .