RU2797666C1 - Zlochevsky centrifuge for separation of impurities from aero-hydroflow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: raw materials processing.

SUBSTANCE: separating impurities from an aero-hydroflow in all areas of production that process raw materials. The centrifuge for separating impurities from the aero-hydroflow contains a confuser screw element made in the form of an annular confuser chamber formed by an outer conical body and an inner cone with spirals. The annular chamber is configured to be connected by an inner cone to the exhaust pipe at its beginning or at its end along the direction of movement in the aero-hydroflow confuser chamber. The centrifuge contains oppositely located perforated cones with screw inserts, consisting of spirals and surfaces of the exhaust pipes, located in the conical housings, providing translational and swirling movement of the converging counter aero-hydroflows under the action of pressure drop and the separation of impurities from them. The connection of perforated cones with screw inserts and conical housings is carried out by means of a hollow cylinder, inside which cylindrical perforated surfaces are located, which are a continuation of the conical housings and exhaust pipes, ensuring the overflow of flows and their interaction in the cylinder with the removal of impurities from it and the purified aero-hydroflow into the exhaust pipes.

EFFECT: increased efficiency while increasing the performance of the device.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of separating impurities according to a complex of physical and mechanical properties from technological aerohydroflows for the purpose of their disposal or return to production during the purification of technological flows in various industries in the processing of raw materials, for example, in mining, chemical technologies and the agro-industrial complex.

Various cyclones and hydrocyclones are known, which currently determine the level of development. The simplicity of their designs is attractive but does not match the cleaning efficiency. Along with this, inventions are known (Method for pneumofractionation of dispersed materials and process air purification No. These designs have a higher efficiency, but during operation on various grinding products they do not meet the requirements of production.

The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical essence, taken as a prototype, is (patent No. 2750231, 06/24/2021).

The main disadvantage of the unit for separating and fractionating impurities from aerohydroflow is the lack of efficiency in various areas of production, determined by the different properties of impurities, as well as the insufficient centrifugal force field, which determines the decrease in process stability.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing efficiency while increasing productivity.

The problem is solved by the fact that the translational and swirling movement of the tapering oncoming aerohydroflows under the action of a pressure drop and the separation of impurities from them is carried out by means of oppositely located perforated cones with screw inserts located in the cone housings and on the exhaust pipes, while the connection of the perforated cones with screw inserts and conical housings is carried out by means of a hollow cylinder, inside of which there are cylindrical perforated surfaces, which are a continuation of the conical housings and exhaust pipes, which ensures the flow of flows and their interaction in the cylinder with the removal of impurities from it and the purified aerohydroflow into the exhaust pipes.

The proposed "Zlochevsky centrifuge for separating impurities from an aerohydroflow" is shown in Fig. 1.

"Zlochevsky centrifuge for separating impurities from aerohydroflow" contains oppositely located: exhaust pipe 1, on which the inlet channel 2 is fixed, spirals 3, forming a conical screw insert with the exhaust pipe, a conical body 4, a perforated cone 5, an outlet channel 6, a hollow cylinder 7 , inside which there is a cylindrical perforated surface 8, which is a continuation of the exhaust pipe and a cylindrical surface 9, which is a continuation of the conical body 4.

"Zlochevsky centrifuge for separating impurities from aerohydroflow" works as follows. The aerodispersed flow is introduced tangentially into the inlet cylindrical channels 2 due to the pressure drop that is created on the exhaust pipes 1 and at the entrance to the cylindrical channels 2. The resulting rotational movement of the flow with impurities enters the screw insert, consisting of spirals 3 and the surface of the exhaust pipe 1. 3a due to the fact that the screw insert is in the perforated cone 5, the aerodisperse flow moves rotationally and translationally along the axis of the screw insert and the axis of the perforated cone 5. which move along the screw insert and pass through the perforation of the perforated cone 5. Depending on the size of the taper and the pitch of the screw, the resistance to the movement of the aerohydroflow changes, which leads to a change in the centrifugal force acting on the particles. As the flow advances due to the narrowing of the screw insert, the centrifugal force acting on the particles increases. In this way, particles are separated through the perforated cone 5 and removed through the outlet channel 6. Particles that have not passed through the perforated cone, together with the flow, are brought to the hollow cylinder 7 and introduced into it.

The same process takes place in the opposite perforated cone with a screw insert. In the hollow cylinder 7, two helical flows interact. When the flows in the cylinder interact, the axial and circumferential velocities create a stable and increased rotational component. Through the interaction of flows between the two cylindrical perforated surfaces 8 and 9, a significant increase in the centrifugal field occurs. In this case, depending on the coefficient of the free section and the shape of the holes, the remaining particles pass through the cylindrical perforated surface 9 with further output from the hollow cylinder 7. The finally cleaned aerohydroflow passes through the cylindrical perforated surface 8 and goes into the exhaust pipes.

The proposed "Zlochevsky centrifuge for separating impurities from an aerohydroflow" provides increased technological efficiency while increasing productivity in various industries.

Claims (1)

A centrifuge for separating impurities from an aerohydroflow, containing a confuser screw element made in the form of an annular confuser chamber formed by an outer conical body and an inner cone with spirals, while the annular chamber is configured to be connected by an inner cone to an exhaust pipe at its beginning or end along the course movement in the confuser chamber of the aerohydroflow, characterized in that it contains oppositely located perforated cones with screw inserts, consisting of spirals and surfaces of the exhaust pipes, located in conical housings, providing translational and twisting movement of the tapering counter aerohydroflows under the action of pressure drop and the separation of impurities from them , while the connection of perforated cones with screw inserts and conical housings is carried out by means of a hollow cylinder, inside which cylindrical perforated surfaces are located, which are a continuation of the conical housings and exhaust pipes, ensuring the flow of flows and their interaction in the cylinder with the removal of impurities and purified aerohydroflow from it into exhaust pipes.

Images