RU2233706C1 - Dressing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coal dressing plants and other industries.

SUBSTANCE: proposed dressing device contains cylindrical-and-conical hydraulic cyclone for separation of source material with recleaning chamber arranged in its lower part and axial calibrated rod, and recleaning cylindrical-and-conical hydraulic cyclone communicating with chamber through adapter branch pipe by its cylindrical part. Hydraulic cyclone for separation of source material is provided with ring projections installed on inner surface of its lower conical part. Width of rings of projections is o.12-0.2 of diameters of sections of round straight cone at a distance of 1/4-1/2 in height from upper part of recleaning chamber. Height of recleaning chamber is equal to height of calibrated rod arranged coaxially with chamber.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of material separation owing to additional extraction of fine and light fractions, increased service life of device.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mineral processing, in particular to the separation of material by size and density in a centrifugal flow, and can be used in coal processing enterprises and other industries.

A known apparatus for the enrichment of sludge in an aqueous medium, including cylindrical and cylindrical conical hydrocyclones, coupled with a transition pipe, and in the discharge part of the condensed product of a cylindrical hydrocyclone and in the transition pipe installed pipes for additional water supply to regulate the separation process (AS USSR No. 471117 , B 03 B 3/45, BI No. 19, 1975).

A disadvantage of the known design is that the cylindrical shape of the separation chamber of the degree does not allow to sufficiently thicken the incoming material. In addition, the additional supply of water through the tangential pipe to the discharge zone of the condensed product leads to random mixing of the material, which contributes to the mutual clogging of the separation products.

There is also known an apparatus for mineral processing, including a hydrocyclone for separating the source material with a cleaning chamber located in its lower part and communicating with it through the adapter pipe with its cylindrical part, a cleaning cylindrical hydrocyclone, a hydrocyclone for separating the starting material is cylindrical with a distance installed in the conical part 1 / 2-2 / 3 of its height from the base of the peeler chamber with an annular insert with a water supply pipe and located along the potassium axis rovochnym tsilindroparabolicheskim rod (AS USSR № 1808379, B 03 B 5/32, BI № 14, 1993).

The disadvantage of the above device is that in a hydrocyclone for the separation of the source material is not provided sufficiently separation of the incoming power by size and density. This is due to the fact that an annular insert (vortex chamber) with a water supply pipe and a calibrated cylinder-parabolic rod located along the axis, installed in the conical part at a distance of 1 / 2-2 / 3 of its height from the base of the peeler chamber, ensures sufficient separation accuracy only with constant parameters of the initial nutrition (size, density, solid content). The supply of additional water through the annular insert (vortex chamber) with insufficient initial supply leads to random mixing of the material, which contributes to the mutual clogging of the separation products.

In the case of supplying additional water with reduced hydrodynamic pressure, the separation process occurs as in a standard hydrocyclone, and at a significant feed pressure, the drain product will become clogged with coarse grains, and its initial supply will be predominantly unloaded through the drain pipe with minimal separation efficiency.

With an increased solid content in the initial power supply of the apparatus, a decrease in the volume utilization coefficient in the zones of the vortex chamber and the cylindrical-parabolic rod leads to a deterioration of separation, difficulty in unloading the condensed product and the possibility of clogging the hydrocyclone with the cessation of the apparatus.

The last of the analogues is taken as a prototype.

The present invention improves the separation efficiency due to the additional extraction of fine and light fractions. In addition, the operating life of the hydrocyclone for separating the source material is increased by increasing the wall thickness of the lower conical part of the apparatus due to the presence of annular protrusions.

To achieve the specified technical result in the described apparatus for mineral processing, including a cylindrical hydrocyclone for separating the source material with a cleaning chamber located in its lower part and an axial calibration rod, and a cleaning cylindrical hydrocyclone communicated with it through an adapter pipe in its lower part, in a lower conical part of the inner surface of the hydrocyclone for the separation of the source material has two annular protrusions, while Irina protrusions rings is 0,12-0,2 diameter round section cone directly at 1 / 4-1 / 2 of its height from the top of recleaning chamber and recleaning chamber has a height equal to a coaxially disposed thereto gauge rod.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the hallmarks of the invention are:

- the establishment of annular protrusions on the inner surface of the lower conical part of the hydrocyclone to separate the source material;

- the implementation of annular protrusions with a width of 0.12-0.2 diameters of the cross section of a circular straight cone at a distance of 1 / 4-1 / 2 of its height from the top of the cleaning chamber;

- execution of the cleaning chamber with a height equal to the calibration rod coaxially located to it.

Thus, the claimed technical solution is new.

Analysis of other technical solutions related to devices for mineral processing did not allow them to identify signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "inventive step".

In the present invention, due to the presence of new distinctive features, there are the following significant differences.

The installation in the cylinder-conical hydrocyclone for the separation of the starting material on the inner surface of its lower conical part of the annular protrusions allows you to create local zones of turbulence.

This process contributes to the release of fine and light particles pressed in the process of separation of large and heavy particles to the walls of the apparatus, and their direction by the internal flow into the drain pipe.

Studies have established that the thickness of the wall layer in a hydrocyclone depends on the concentration of grains in the feed, the ratio of centrifugal acceleration in these zones and the radial component of the flow velocity, both its average value and the pulsating component in the radial direction.

Outside the near-wall layer there is turbulent diffusion transport, i.e., the grains in this part of the flow are in suspension. In the conical part of the hydrocyclone, the thickness of the wall layer increases, while the radial flow velocities also increase, as a result of which the porosity of most of this layer remains high, which ensures sufficient mobility of the flow layers, as well as the turbulent nature of the movement of these layers, but with a smaller turbulence parameter.

The separation process begins in the cylindrical part of the hydrocyclone, becomes intense in the upper and middle zones of the conical part and almost ends in the zone close to the top of the cone of the apparatus.

It was experimentally established that the residence time of grains in the cylindrical part of the hydrocyclone is several times longer than in the conical.

Particles of the material are distributed in the radial direction in the initial period of movement, which is much less than the total residence time of the grains in the hydrocyclone. The grade of the solid phase of the class is 0.035 mm at a height of the conical part of the hydrocyclone of less than 1/4, 1 / 4-1 / 2 and more than 1/2 from the upper part of the cleaning chamber, respectively, 35, 50 and 15%, that is, the largest number of particles is contained in zone at a height of 1 / 4-1 / 2, and the bulk of the particles (85%) is allocated at a height of less than 1/2 from the top of the cleaning chamber.

Thus, when installing annular protrusions at a height less than 1/4 of the upper part of the hydrocyclone scrubbing chamber, material scrubbing will be insufficiently effective due to additional mixing of the material radially distributed in the radial direction, which will increase the clogging of the discharge by boundary, heavy and large particles. When installing annular protrusions at a height of more than 1/2 from the upper part of the hydrocyclone scrubbing chamber, material scrubbing will not be efficient enough due to the mixing of incompletely separated material, which will increase clogging of the condensed product with boundary light and small particles.

The width of the protrusion rings of 0.12-0.2 diameters of the cross sections of the cone was experimentally established, which allows for maximum separation efficiency of the material with optimal turbulence parameters. So, when the width of the protrusion rings is more than 0.2 of the diameters of the round straight cone sections, the solid content in the volume of the lower conical part of the hydrocyclone gradually increases until the passage section of the conical part is completely clogged, and the width of the protrusion rings less than 0.12 is small enough that does not affect the process separation of material.

The execution of the cleaning chamber with a height equal to the calibration rod coaxially located to it provides an increase in the utilization rate of the volume of the cleaning chamber, which intensifies the action of centrifugal forces and increases the efficiency of cleaning the shared material in the apparatus.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the apparatus for mineral processing; figure 2 is a section along aa in figure 1.

The apparatus consists of cylinder-conical hydrocyclones 1 and 2, interconnected by a transition pipe 3. The hydrocyclone 1 consists of a cylindrical chamber 4 with a tangential water supply pipe 5 and a drain pipe 6, a conical chamber 7, a cleaning chamber with a water supply pipe 8, a calibration rod 9, annular protrusions 10, 11. The hydrocyclone 2 consists of a cylindrical chamber 12 with a drain pipe 13, a conical chamber 14 with a sand nozzle 15.

Apparatus for mineral processing works as follows.

The source material is fed through a tangential pipe 5 into a cylindrical chamber 4. Under the influence of hydrodynamic pressure of the stream, particles with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm are unloaded through a drain pipe 6. Under the action of centrifugal force, particles with a particle size of more than 0.074 mm are discarded to the wall of the apparatus and transported in a downward flow towards the conical chamber 7 hydrocyclone 1. The annular protrusions 10, 11 installed in the lower conical part of the hydrocyclone 1 sharply deflect the wall part of the flow, creating a circulating ichrev flow, which cleans the wall-mounted product, and in a downward flow particles larger than 0.074 mm are moving towards the scrub chamber 8. In the scrub chamber 8 with a calibration rod 9 located in it, finer cleaning of the enriched material takes place, while creating pressure that allows the hydrocyclone to operate efficiently 2.

The condensed product of the hydrocyclone 1 through the transition pipe 3 is sent to the cylindrical chamber 12 of the hydrocyclone 2 of the second stage of the process.

In hydrocyclone 2, the material is separated by density and fineness.

Under the action of centrifugal force, particles with a particle size of more than 0.3 mm are discarded to the wall of the apparatus and move down a cylindrical 12 and conical 14 chambers, unloading through a sand nozzle 15.

Particles with a particle size of 0.074-0.3 mm are carried upstream through the drain pipe 13.

The proposed apparatus for mineral processing allows to increase the efficiency of separation of the enriched material due to the additional extraction of fine and light fractions and increase the life of the apparatus.

Claims (1)

A mineral enrichment apparatus, comprising a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone for separating a source material with a cleaning chamber located in its lower part and an axial calibration rod, and a cleaning cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone communicated with it through an adapter pipe with its cylindrical part, characterized in that the hydrocyclone for separating the starting material is provided ring protrusions mounted on the inner surface of its lower conical part, while the width of the rings of the protrusions was 0,12-0,2 a circular cross-sectional diameter of the cone directly at 1 / 4-1 / 2 of its height from the top of recleaning chamber and recleaning chamber has a height equal to a coaxially disposed thereto gauge rod.

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