RU2095146C1 - Device for mineral concentration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mineral concentration; may be used in separation of materials in size and density in centrifugal flow. SUBSTANCE: device comprises cylinder-conical hydrocyclone for separation of initial material and recleaning chamber located in hydrocyclone lower part and recleaning cylinder-conical hydrocyclone connected with recleaning chamber through adapter branch pipe by its cylindrical part. Installed in conical part of hydrocyclone for separation of initial material is circular insert with supplying branch pipe. Supplying branch pipe is located in recleaning chamber and in conical part of hydrocyclone parallel to their axes and provided with baffle at its outlet for motion along the axis of supplying branch pipe relative to its outlet hole. Distance from outlet hole of supplying branch pipe to upper part of circular insert with supplying branch pipe amounts to 1-2 heights of circular insert. Side surface of baffle is made in the form of pseudosphere, and its upper and lower parts are made in the form of paraboloid. EFFECT: higher efficiency of separation due to additional withdrawal particles fine and also mean in size and density. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the enrichment of minerals, in particular to the separation of materials by size and density in a centrifugal flow, and can be used in coal processing enterprises and other industries.

A known apparatus for mineral processing, including cylindrical and cylindrical conical hydrocyclones, coupled with a transition pipe, while the cylindrical hydrocyclone is made with a ring ledge separating its upper and lower parts [1]
The disadvantage of this device is the imperfect structure of the flow of suspension in the working volume of the separation chamber with an annular ledge of a cylindrical hydrocyclone, which reduces the separation efficiency.

A known apparatus for mineral processing, including a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone for separating the source material with a cleaning vortex chamber located in its lower part and communicating with it through the adapter pipe with its cylindrical part, a cleaning cylindrical hydrocyclone, while in a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone for separating the source material in its conical part at a distance of 1/2 2/3 of its height from the base of the peeler chamber, an annular insert (vortex chamber) with a water supply atrubkom and calibration cylinder-parabolic rod located along the axis [2]
The disadvantage of the above device is that with a tangential feed of the starting material in the first stage hydrocyclone, the incoming material is not sufficiently separated by size and density. This is due to the fact that with this power supply, part of the thin and light particles almost immediately after entering the working volume of the apparatus is pressed against the cylindrical wall by larger and denser particles, forming an external (wall) downward flow, and are sent to the lower cleaning chamber, which leads to significant losses of fine and light particles in the second stage hydrocyclone. On the other hand, the presence of an axillary flow and a closed annular vortex at a level below the entrance to the drain pipe leads to the fact that part of the large and dense grains and most of the particles that are boundary in size and density enter the drain pipe, thereby clogging the drain pipe of the first-stage hydrocyclone . Thus, the tangential feed of the starting material is a source of additional turbulization, which does not reduce the intensity of mixing of the products of classification and enrichment in the working area of the hydrocyclone, except for the wall layer, and significantly reduce the separation strength.

 The last of the analogues is taken as a prototype.

 The present invention improves the separation efficiency due to the additional extraction of thin and light, as well as medium in particle size and density. In addition, the transportation of large and heavy grains, which significantly increase the wear of the walls of the apparatus, is carried out below the location of the annular insert (vortex chamber) with the inlet pipe, which increases the service life of the cylindrical part of the hydrocyclone to separate the source material located above the annular insert.

 To achieve the specified technical result in the described apparatus for mineral processing, including a cylindrical hydrocyclone for separating the source material with a cleaning (vortex) chamber located in its lower part and communicating with it through the transition pipe with its cylindrical part, a cleaning cylindrical hydrocyclone in the conical part of the hydrocyclone for separation of the source material there is an annular insert (vortex chamber) with a supply pipe, while the feed pipe ra laid in the cleaning chamber and the conical part of the hydrocyclone for separating the source material parallel to their axes, equipped with a chipper at the outlet, the side surface of which is made in the form of a pseudosphere, and the upper and lower surfaces (parts) are made in the form of paraboloids, while the chipper is made to move along the axis of the supply pipe relative to its outlet, and the distance from the outlet of the supply pipe to the top of the annular insert with the supply pipe is 1-2 heights of the annular rate (swirl chamber).

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the hallmarks of the invention are:
the location of the supply pipe in the cleaning chamber and the conical part of the hydrocyclone to separate the source material parallel to their axes;
the installation at the outlet of the supply pipe of the chipper with the ability to move along the axis of the supply pipe relative to its outlet;
the execution of the side surface of the chipper in the form of a pseudosphere, and the upper and lower parts in the form of paraboloids;
the distance of the outlet of the supply pipe to the upper part of the annular insert with the supply pipe is 1-2 heights of the annular insert.

 Thus, the claimed technical solution is new.

 The analysis of other technical solutions related to the devices for mineral processing did not allow us to identify signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "inventive step" is met.

 In the present invention, due to the presence of new distinctive features, there are the following significant differences.

 The location of the supply pipe in the cleaning chamber and the conical part of the hydrocyclone for separating the source material parallel to their axes, at which the distance from the outlet of the supply pipe to the upper part of the annular insert (vortex chamber) with the supply pipe is 1-2 heights of the annular insert provides optimal conditions for reducing inter-clogging separation products. When a liquid or suspension is tangentially introduced into a hydrocyclone, steady-state rotation occurs at levels higher or lower than the same height of the annular insert (vortex chamber) with the inlet pipe, which is the main condition for the efficient purification of enrichment products. Inside the volume located between these levels, there is a zone of increased turbulence due to the unsteadiness of the flows, which increases the mixing of the shared material. The steady rotation of a liquid or suspension, which is a significant hydraulic resistance, can be overcome only by large and heavy grains, as well as part of the particles of the starting material that are boundary in size and density, which then enter the lower cleaning chamber, overcoming the additional hydraulic resistance, and then in the hydrocyclone second stage.

 This effect is enhanced by the action of a rotating fluid flow, which is formed due to the tangential feed through the pipe located under the cover of the first stage hydrocyclone body. On the other hand, this fluid flow freely passes thin and light, as well as part of particles that are boundary in size and density, which could not overcome the hydraulic resistance of the steady rotation of the fluid, into the drain pipe of the hydrocyclone to separate the source material. In addition, the non-concentricity of the location of the supply pipe in the cleaning chamber and the conical part of the hydrocyclone reduces the time to achieve the stationarity of the flows coming from the tangential pipes to the cleaning chamber and the vortex chamber (ring insert). This is due to the relatively rapid alignment of the tangential velocities of the suspension flows in the annular channel between the inner surface of the conical part of the apparatus and the outer surface of the supply pipe, which leads to a decrease in the size of the closed annular vortex and zones of increased turbulence in the conical part of the hydrocyclone, which reduces the mixing of separation products and increases the efficiency of the processes classification and enrichment.

 The installation of a chipper at the outlet of the supply pipe prevents the clogging of the drain by large and heavy grains due to the relatively close location of the outlet and inlet drain holes. The ability to move the chipper along the axis of the supply pipe relative to its outlet allows you to change the performance of the device.

 The execution of the side surface of the chipper in the form of a pseudosphere, and the upper and lower parts, in the form of paraboloids improves the flow topology in the conical part of the hydrocyclone due to smoother with minimal turbulization and uniform distribution of the speed of suspension flows, which reduces the intensity of mixing of the separation products. At the same time, the lower part of the chipper directs large and heavy grains to the walls of the conical part, then to the cleaning chamber of the first-stage hydrocyclone and then to the second-stage hydrocyclone, and the upper part of the chipper significantly increases the extraction of thin and light parts into the drain of the hydrocyclone to separate the source material.

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the apparatus for mineral processing; in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. one.

 The apparatus consists of cylinder-conical hydrocyclones 1 and 2, interconnected by a transition pipe 3. Hydrocyclone 1 consists of a cylindrical chamber 4 with a tangential water supply pipe 5 and a drain pipe 6, a conical chamber 7, in the lower part of which there is an annular insert (vortex chamber) 8 and a cleaning chamber 9, interconnected by a conical insert 10, a supply pipe 11, equipped with an outlet baffle 12. The hydrocyclone 2 consists of a cylindrical chamber 13 with a drain pipe 14 and a conical chamber 15 with sand th nozzle 16.

 Apparatus for mineral processing works as follows. The source material is fed through the supply pipe 11 to the conical chamber 7 of the hydrocyclone 1. At the same time, water is supplied through the tangential pipe 5 to the cylindrical chamber 4 and the conical chamber 7, forming a rotating flow directed from top to bottom along the helical line. Under the action of centrifugal force and the lateral, lower parts of the chipper 12, particles with a particle size of 0.074 mm are discarded to the wall of the apparatus and move downward towards the cleaning chamber 9. These particles are transported into an annular insert 8 (vortex chamber) with a supply pipe, where, using an additional stream of water, or suspension (mineral, sand-clay), the main purification of the material of the first stage of the process occurs. Most of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm located in the conical chamber 7, flowing around the chipper 12, are carried out in an upward flow through the drain pipe 6. The remaining part of the light particles with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm through the conical insert 10 enters the cleaning chamber 9, where the data are finer cleared particles. The condensed product of the hydrocyclone 1 through the transition pipe 3 is sent to the cylindrical chamber 13 of the hydrocyclone 2 of the second stage of the process. In hydrocyclone 2, the separation of the material occurs in the same way as in a standard design hydrocyclone hydrocyclone. Under the action of centrifugal force, particles larger than 0.3 mm are discarded to the apparatus wall and move downward through the cylindrical 13 and conical 15 chambers, unloading through a flat nozzle 16, particles larger than 0.3 mm are discarded to the apparatus wall and move downward along the cylindrical 13 and conical 15 chambers, unloading through the sand nozzle 16. Particles with a particle size of 0.074 0.3 mm are applied in an upward flow through the drain pipe 14.

Claims (1)

 A mineral enrichment apparatus, including a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone for separating a source material with a cleaning chamber located in its lower part and communicating with it through a transition pipe with its cylindrical part, a cleaning cylindrical hydrocyclone, an annular insert with a supply pipe in the conical part of the hydrocyclone for separating the starting material, characterized the fact that the supply pipe is located in the cleaning chamber and the conical part of the hydrocyclone to separate the initial ma terial parallel to their axes and equipped with an outlet installed with the ability to move along the axis of the supply pipe relative to its outlet a bump, and the distance from the outlet of the supply pipe to the upper part of the annular insert with the inlet pipe is one two heights of the annular insert, and the side surface of the bump in the form of a pseudosphere, and its upper and lower parts in the form of a paraboloid.

Images