SU1655575A1 - Hydrocyclone for the classification and enrichment of minerals - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the beneficiation of minerals. The goal is to increase the separation efficiency by cleaning the pulp wall layer. The case (K) of the hydrocyclone is made of a cylindrical part 2 and a biconical part installed under it from two truncated cones 3 and 4 that are connected by large bases. Tangentially part 2 To 1 there is a supply pipe (P) 5. Coaxially K 1 has a drain P 6 and a sand nozzle 7. In the upper part of K 1 there is a cover 8. On the inner surface of the cones 3 and 4 there are diametrically oppositely mounted guide plates (NP) 9 in pairs. The inner edges 10 of the NP G are made with a conical surface, with the apex pointing towards us 7 The initial pulp is fed under pressure through P 5 into part 2 K 1 and acquires rotational motion in K 1 along a helical line from top to bottom towards nozzle 7. Under the action of centrifugal forces, particles are redistributed throughout the thickness of the process - the largest (dense) particles are at the walls of K 1 When moving along the surface of the cones 3 and 4 tons, the yellow fraction condenses and moves along the channels between the NP 9 downwards. The inner edges of the NP 9 cut off the peripheral part of the rotating flow in layers, forming local turbulent vortices between the edges of the NP 9. At the same time, the boundary layer is cleaned up and light particles are transported into the ascending stream by the Sands moving between the NP 9 down, discharged through the nozzle 7. Small (light) particles are brought upward in the upward flow in П 6. Preferably, the location of the intake end of П 6 in the junction zone of the cones 3, 4 3 or o O is (L ate VI tpuff

Description

The invention relates to the enrichment of minerals and can be used to classify granular materials by size, thicken sludge, enrichment by density of mineral particles in the aquatic environment in the ore-processing industry, chemical and other industries.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the separation process by re-cleaning the pulp wall layer.

FIG. 1 schematically presents the proposed hydrocyclone; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a diagram of the formation of a pulp flow in the conical part of a hydrocyclone body

The hydrocyclone includes a housing 1, made of a cylindrical part 2 and a biconical part installed under it from two truncated cones 3 and 4 connected by large bases. The tangentially cylindrical part of the housing 1 is located the supply nozzle 5, the drain nozzle 6 and the sand nozzle are mounted coaxially to the body 1 7. A cover 8 is located in the upper part of the housing 1. On the inner surface of the truncated cones 3 and 4, guide plates 9 are diametrically opposed installed in pairs 9. The inner edges 10 of the guide plates 9 lozheny on the conical surface, the apex directed toward the sand fitting 7.

Hydrocyclone works as follows.

The original pulp through a tangentially installed supply nozzle 5 under pressure is fed into the cylindrical part 2 of the hydrocyclone body 1 and acquires in it a rotational movement along a helix from top to bottom to the sand nozzle 7.

Under the action of centrifugal force and due to the difference in the speeds of movement of the separated mineral particles relative to the liquid medium, they are rearranged by size (or density) in such a way that their size (or density) decreases in the direction to the hydrocyclone axis.

The presence of a broadening working zone of the hydrocyclone improves the conditions for the subsequent separation of the mineral particles and the separation of the rotating pulp flow. This is facilitated by the fact that, in the upper truncated cone 3, the radial component of the flow velocity is directed from the axis of the hydrocyclone, due to which the possibility of large particles entering the internal axial flow, which through

the outlet 6 is removed from the hydrocyclone to form a discharge of the latter containing only small (light) particles.

Thus, in the upper cone 3, the rotating flow promotes the movement of predominantly large (heavy) particles to the peripheral wall of the hydrocyclone due to centrifugal forces. In the lower truncated cone 4, the radial component of the flow velocity is directed to the hydrocyclone axis and in the zone of change of its direction along the interface of the cones mating a smooth transition occurs in the concentration of the solid phase in the pulp, which

5 is a stop zone for the penetration of fine particles into it.

A smooth transition in concentration (without a sharp jump) is caused and ensured by the presence of guide plates 9, which in

In the zone of conjugation of the truncated cones 3 and 4, the circulating pulp flow in the form of a torus is eliminated, breaking it up into separate descending wall streams. Flows have straight channel channels.

5 areas where smooth attenuation of their transverse circulation and velocity pulsations occurs

The result is a new formation of the kinematic structure of the flow.

0 in the conical part of a hydrocyclone: the main rotating flow, having a peripheral border on the inner edges of the 10 guide plates 9, descending wall individually stabilized flows separated by the plates 9 and along the axis of the hydrocyclone, as in conventional hydrocyclones, the internal paraxial flow having the so-called air pole

0Each of the formed threads

pulp in this hydrocyclone has a certain functional purpose.

The pulp wall layer is cleared through the direct interaction of the main rotating flow of pulp with the inner edges of the 10 plates 9. As it moves along the helix in the direction of the sand nozzle 7, the peripheral layer of the main rotating flow is cut off by the plates 9, and since they are made in the form of a cone, directed downward, the flow is cut in layers and sequentially.

5 Disconnecting from the inner edge 1t) of the plate 9, the main rotating flow forms a vortex zone 1 in which the un-layered pulp layer is cleaned by mechanical action of the turbulent jets and

ripple liquid phase. Due to the fact that large (heavy) particles are less affected by these jets and pulsations due to their inertial mass and directional influence on them by centrifugal forces, they enter the space between the plates 9 and press against the inner surface of the cones 3 and 4, being transported along it to the sand nozzle 7.

Small (light) particles from the undissolved pulp layer are washed out by turbulent jets and pulsations of the liquid phase into the rotating pulp flow, and since the radial component of the flow velocity in the lower cone 4 is directed to the hydrocyclone axis, the small particles move into the inner axial flow and through the drain nozzle 6 is withdrawn from a hydrocyclone.

The placement of the intake end of the discharge pipe 6 in the zone of connection of the cones 3 and A is preferable, since in the upper truncated cone 3 the radial component of the flow velocity is directed from the axis, and in the lower cone 4 to the hydrocyclone axis, which limits the movement of large particles in this zone side of the intake end of the drain connection b.

The descending wall individually stabilized flows, isolated from each other by plates 9, as they move in the flow zone of the inter-plate channels down to the sand nozzle 7, are compacted to the maximum concentration of the solid phase in them. This is due to the gradual decrease in the distance between the plates 9 and the increased influence of the centrifugal forces of the main rotating flow. The squeezing of the liquid phase is accompanied by the displacement and removal of light (fine) particles from the concentrated layer II of interplate channel pulp through the loosened layer III to the vortex zone I, from which they are washed out by the turbulent jets and pulsations of the liquid phase into the rotating flow and then move radially to drain pipe 6.

Mineral particles are loosened between the vortex zone I of the flow and the concentrated layer of pulp II in the interlaminar channels (due to the difference in the velocity of the pulp in the channel height and concentration of the solid phase in it), facilitating the weighing of particles in the flow and separation by size and density.

As the sand packing 7 is approached, the height of the plates 9 smoothly decreases to zero, providing a complete and smooth connection of the compacted concentrated wall flows to the rotating flow. At the same time, the thickness of the vortex zone I of the flow and the layer of loosening III gradually decreases with increasing thickness of the concentrated layer II of the pulp, forming

a natural enhanced layer of intermediate density particles and intergrowths that are suspended. The accumulation of these particles in the lower zone of the lower cone 4 increases the density of the medium, as a result of which the separation process is improved. The latter is achieved due to the difference in densities of the medium and mineral particles as well as the presence of a significant difference in the speed of movement of small (light) particles.

and large (heavy) particles.

Small (light) particles, unable to overcome the resistance of the radial flow of the pulp, are carried away by this flow into the inner axial upward flow and

output from the microdynamic cyclone through a discharge nozzle 6.

The remaining part of the pulp, containing mostly large (heavy) particles with their maximum concentration in

the pulp is directed to the top of the lower cone 4 and is discharged through a sand nozzle 7. to form a sand product (sand).

Claims (1)

Hydrocyclone claims for the classification and mineral processing, comprising a body made of a cylindrical part and a biconical part installed under it from two connected large bases of truncated cones, located tangentially cylindrical part of the body supply pipe installed coaxially in the body of the drain pipe, sand nozzle and cover, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the separation process by cleaning the pulp layer of the pulp, it is equipped with vertical planes on the inner surface of the truncated cones in pairs diametrically opposite to the guide plates, while the inner edges of the plastic guides are located conical surface, the apex directed toward peskoeoy nozzle. Aa 2 F -ten fie.Z