CN111632751A - Improved composite force mineral processing equipment - Google Patents
Improved composite force mineral processing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111632751A CN111632751A CN202010435637.9A CN202010435637A CN111632751A CN 111632751 A CN111632751 A CN 111632751A CN 202010435637 A CN202010435637 A CN 202010435637A CN 111632751 A CN111632751 A CN 111632751A
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 32
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 22
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
Abstract
The utility model provides an improved generation composite force ore dressing equipment, includes the rotary drum, stretches into the inlet pipe in the rotary drum, the upper portion of rotary drum is the feeding zone, and the lower part is the sorting area, is equipped with in the sorting area to be used for loose mineral and carries out the rivers impact device of sorting to mineral, be equipped with central overflow pipe in the rotary drum, one side on central overflow pipe upper portion is equipped with first export, the lower part of rotary drum is equipped with the second export, the rotary drum drives its rotation through the cavity pivot or the central overflow pipe that are located the second export. The equipment adopts a water flow impact mode to evacuate and sort the high-concentration material layer close to the inner wall of the rotary drum, so that the useful mineral grade of the high-concentration material layer can be improved. The concentration ratio of ore dressing can be raised to above 50, which is more than twenty times of that of traditional centrifugal ore dressing machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to mineral processing equipment, in particular to improved composite force mineral processing equipment.
Background
Gravity separation is a green and environment-friendly beneficiation method, but as the grade of minerals declines year by year and the types of minerals are complicated, fine grinding is required to be carried out on the ores, so that the particle size of part of useful mineral particles is smaller than 37 microns. This portion of the useful minerals cannot be effectively sorted and are typically discharged into a tailings pond along with the tailings of the dressing plant. Resulting in a loss of resources and a reduction in the economic efficiency of the mill.
At present, in the field of mineral separation, equipment such as a tin cloud shaking table, a centrifugal separator, a cyclone and the like are commonly used for classification and gravity separation of fine-particle minerals. Along with the reduction of mineral reserves and the reduction of grade, the requirement on the ore dressing recovery rate is higher and higher in order to fully utilize mineral resources.
Analysis of the reselection flow at many refineries has found that the loss of valuable minerals is primarily in the fine particle minerals, particularly those having a particle size of less than 19 microns. Has reached the limit of the various types of reselection devices available. The centrifugal separator can recover fine mineral with a granularity lower limit of about 5 microns because of the adjustable centrifugal force.
However, the following problems are common to the conventional centrifugal separator for fine mineral separation: the enrichment ratio is not high, and is generally only 2-3 (the content of the produced concentrate is only 2-3 times higher than the mineral content of the raw ore), and the batch operation can be carried out.
CN103394405B discloses a novel horizontal centrifuge for mineral separation, which is a typical centrifugal separator, in which minerals rotate at high speed, and the ratio of centrifugal force to gravity is generally over 60 times. Under the action of centrifugal force, heavy materials are deposited on the inner wall of the centrifugal machine, and light materials are discharged. After a few minutes of operation, the feed is stopped and the concentrate deposited on the inner wall of the drum is then washed with high-pressure water. The working mode is intermittent and can not be operated continuously. In addition, because of the large centrifugal force, large-particle gangue particles and useful heavy minerals are deposited on the inner wall together, so that the beneficiation enrichment ratio is very low, and the grade of the produced concentrate is also very low, which is usually only 2 to 3 times higher than that of the raw ore.
CN201110126100.5 discloses a centrifugal concentrator, which comprises a centrifugal drum, a drum main shaft, an ore feeding device, an ore discharging device and an ore separating device, wherein the centrifugal drum is arranged on the drum main shaft through a positioning conical disc; the feeding device and the ore separating device are respectively connected with an air cylinder capable of swinging left and right and driven by the air cylinder; the ore unloading device is connected with a pneumatic flushing valve and is driven by the pneumatic flushing valve.
CN203556470U discloses an improved continuous centrifugal concentrator, which uses two centrifuge drums for switching, and is produced in a substantially batch manner.
The devices disclosed in the above patent documents have four common drawbacks:
1. the beneficiation enrichment ratio is very low, and in a high-speed centrifugal force field, large-particle gangue particles and small-particle mineral particles obtain the same centrifugal acceleration and are deposited on the conical surface of the rotary drum together. While the conical surface of the conventional drum is smooth. The sedimentary deposit is difficult to evacuate and effectively separate, so that the beneficiation enrichment ratio is low and is only 2-3 generally; for low-grade tailings, the selected concentrate has low economic value and cannot cover the cost, so that the centrifugal separator cannot be effectively utilized in the field of fine-particle tailings separation;
2. intermittent ore discharge cannot be realized; a large amount of high-pressure cleaning water is consumed at the same time; because the settled layer is deposited on the conical surface of the rotary drum, a certain thickness is formed after a few minutes, the feeding is required to be stopped, and the rotary drum is cleaned by high-pressure water;
3. the centrifugal rotating speed is high, the energy consumption is large, and the operation cost and the maintenance cost are high;
4. mineral separation, inner wall cleaning and ore discharge are performed alternately, production efficiency is low, and management cost is high.
In addition, CN202010003862.5 discloses a composite force ore dressing device, but in trial use, it is found that the annular protrusion arranged in the separation area has high processing cost, is easy to wear, and needs to be repaired after being used for a short time, so that the maintenance cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provide improved composite force ore dressing equipment which can fully utilize centrifugal force, centripetal buoyancy and gravity, continuously discharge ore and has high ore dressing enrichment ratio.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an improved generation composite force mineral processing equipment, includes the rotary drum, stretches into the inlet pipe in the rotary drum, the upper portion of rotary drum is the feeding zone, and its lower part is the sorting zone, the rotary drum is equipped with in the sorting zone and is used for loose mineral and carry out the rivers impact device of sorting to mineral, be equipped with central overflow pipe in the rotary drum, one side on central overflow pipe upper portion is equipped with first export, the below of rotary drum is equipped with the second export, the rotary drum drives its rotation through cavity pivot or central overflow pipe that are located the second export.
Further, the water flow impact device is arranged on the outer side of the back face of the separation area and comprises high-pressure water jet holes formed in the side wall of the separation area. The high-pressure water spray holes are used for being connected with a high-pressure water pipeline, so that water flow impacts the inner wall of the rotary drum and is used for loosening and sorting minerals. Water under the pressure of the conveyer belt is conveyed to the sorting area through high-pressure water spray holes in the side wall of the sorting area. The larger the aperture of the high-pressure water jet hole is, the smaller the pressure of the inner wall of the water jet is, and the smaller the water jet speed is, so that the impact on the slurry layer spirally downward along the inner wall is smaller; the smaller the aperture of the high-pressure water jet hole is, the higher the pressure of water flow sprayed into the inner wall is, and the larger the impact force on the slurry layer spirally downward along the inner wall is. The impact force of the water flow is too small, the effect of loosening minerals deposited on the inner wall of the rotary drum is small, but the impact force of the water flow is too large, turbulence is formed, and the mineral loosening effect is reduced. Research shows that the diameter of the high-pressure water jet hole is preferably 2-15 mm, preferably 4-10 mm, and more preferably 5-7 mm. Meanwhile, on the same cross section of the sorting area, the more the conveying holes are, the more uniform the inflowing water is, the better the sorting effect is, but the greater the processing difficulty is. The separation effect and the processing cost are comprehensively considered, and the number of the inner holes in the separation area is 1-80, preferably 4-30, and more preferably 7-20. The high-pressure water pressure is 0.001-0.2 MPa, the water flow speed is too high when the pressure is too high, turbulence is caused, and the pressure is too low and is easy to block.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the sorting area is provided with a ring-shaped groove for connecting adjacent high-pressure water spray holes. When the mode of water inflow from the inner wall of the separation area is adopted, the more optimized mode is that a ring-shaped groove is designed on the inner wall of the separation area, and high-pressure jet water flows into the ring-shaped groove and then flows into the separation area after being uniformly distributed from the ring-shaped groove. The depth of the ring-shaped groove is preferably 2-6 mm, the deeper the ring-shaped groove is, the higher the equipment cost is, and the design is not suitable to exceed 6 mm. The ring-shaped groove is too shallow, and the water flow distribution is not uniform. Therefore, the depth of the ring-shaped groove is preferably 3-5 mm. The distance between adjacent ring-shaped grooves is preferably 10-70 mm, the distance is too close, the equipment manufacturing cost is too high, the distance is too large, the dispersion effect is poor, and therefore the distance between the adjacent grooves is preferably 30-60 mm, and more preferably 40-50 mm.
Further, a synchronous rotating outer cone is arranged on the outer side of the sorting area, and a cavity is formed between the synchronous rotating outer cone and the rotary drum. When the rotary drum sorting device works, high-pressure water is led into a cavity between the synchronous rotating outer cone and the rotary drum and then is sprayed into the rotary drum from high-pressure water spray holes arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum sorting area.
Further, the water flow impact device is a high-pressure water spraying pipe. The high-pressure water pressure is 0.001-0.2 MPa, the water flow speed is too high when the pressure is too high, turbulence is caused, and the pressure is too low and is easy to block.
Further, the high-pressure water spray pipe penetrates through the hollow rotating shaft, and the pipe wall of the high-pressure water spray pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet pipes from top to bottom.
Further, the distance between the tail end of the water outlet pipe and the inner wall of the sorting area is 3-10 mm.
Furthermore, the high-pressure water spray pipe is positioned in the hollow rotating shaft, and a water outlet of the high-pressure water spray pipe faces the sorting area. The water flow rapidly flows upwards from the center of the second outlet, after the water flows into the separation area, the ascending water flow collides and rubs with the slurry downwards spirally, and the loosening and separation effects are formed: wherein, the heavy minerals continue to spiral downwards due to high density, and the light minerals rapidly enter the central overflow port to overflow under the impact of water flow. The larger the aperture of the ascending water flow impact device is, the slower the ascending water flow velocity is under the same flow, the smaller the friction force between the ascending water flow and the slurry layer downwards spirally is, the smaller the disturbance is, and the formed separation effect is reduced. If the water flow impact device high pressure water jet hole aperture is less, the rising water flow velocity is just fast under the same flow, and just bigger with the effect of spiral decurrent pulp bed collision and friction, the disturbance that forms is just bigger, and the sorting effect can be better, nevertheless if the disturbance is too big, can lead to the heavy mineral loss increase that the proportion is big. Therefore, the pipe diameter of the high-pressure water spraying pipe is controlled to be 5-40 mm, preferably 10-30 mm, and more preferably 15-25 mm; the number of the jet holes is 1. The high-pressure water pressure is 0.001-0.2 MPa, the water flow speed is too high when the pressure is too high, turbulence is caused, and the pressure is too low and is easy to block.
Further, the rotary drum is fixed in the shell, a tailing discharging port is formed in one side of the shell, a tailing discharging channel used for connecting the first outlet and the tailing discharging port is formed in the shell, a motor is arranged on the shell and used for driving the hollow rotating shaft or the central overflow pipe to rotate, and a supporting frame is arranged at the bottom of the shell.
Further, the half cone angle of the sorting zone is 5 ° to 60 °, preferably 15 ° to 50 °, and further preferably 25 ° to 35 °. If the angle of the half cone angle is too small, for example, less than 5 degrees, that is, the cone angle of the sorting area is very sharp, the length of the sorting area is too long, so that the height of the equipment is too high, and the center of gravity is unstable; if the angle of the half cone angle is too large, for example, greater than 60 degrees, the length of the separation area is too short, and the separation distance of ore dressing is insufficient, so that the ore dressing effect is reduced. The half-cone angle is preferably 15 ° to 50 °, and more preferably 25 ° to 35 °.
Further, the rotary drum is approximately conical.
Further, the feeding area of the rotary drum is cylindrical or conical, and the sorting area is in the shape of a circular arc surface or an elliptic arc surface.
Furthermore, the feeding area of the rotary drum is conical or cylindrical, and the side wall of the sorting area is in a reverse arc shape.
Furthermore, the feeding area and the sorting area of the rotary drum are integrated by a large circular arc or a large elliptic arc surface.
Compared with the prior art, the rotary drum sorting conical surface or the curved surface adopts the water flow impact device to replace the annular bulge, so that the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost are greatly reduced; under the action of the loosening of the added water flow, the beneficiation enrichment ratio is greatly improved from 20 times to 50 times, and the grade of a concentrate product is improved by over 10 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of example 9 of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 10 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a rotary drum, 101, a second outlet, 2, a feeding pipe, 3, a feeding area, 4, a sorting area, 5, a central overflow pipe, 501, a first outlet, 6, a hollow rotary shaft, 7, a high-pressure water pipeline, 8, a high-pressure water spraying hole, 9, a synchronous rotating outer cone, 10, a high-pressure water spraying pipe, 11, a water outlet pipe, 12, a motor, 13, a shell, 14, a support frame, 15, a tailing outer discharge port, 16, a tailing discharge channel, 17 and a ring-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment includes a nearly conical rotary drum 1, and a feeding pipe 2 extending into the rotary drum 1, the upper portion of the rotary drum 1 is a feeding area 3, the lower portion of the rotary drum 1 is a sorting area 4, the rotary drum 1 is provided with a high-pressure water spraying hole 8 and a high-pressure water pipeline 7 on the side wall of the sorting area 4, a central overflow pipe 5 is arranged in the rotary drum 1, one side of the upper portion of the central overflow pipe 5 is provided with a first outlet 501, a second outlet 101 is arranged below the rotary drum 1, and the rotary drum 1 is driven to rotate by a hollow rotating shaft 6 or the central overflow pipe 5 located in the second outlet.
In this embodiment, the rotary drum 1 is fixed in a housing 13, one side of the housing 13 is provided with a tailing discharge port 15, the tailing discharge port 15 and the first outlet 501 are located on the same side of the central overflow pipe 5, a tailing discharge channel 16 for connecting the first outlet 501 and the tailing discharge port 15 is arranged in the housing 13, one side of the bottom of the housing 13 is provided with a motor 12, the motor 12 is used for driving the hollow rotating shaft 6 or the central overflow pipe 5 to rotate, and the bottom of the housing 13 is provided with a support frame 14.
In this embodiment, the half cone angle of the sorting zone 4 is 5 ° to 60 °, preferably 15 ° to 50 °, and more preferably 25 ° to 35 °. If the angle of the half cone angle is too small, for example, less than 5 degrees, that is, the cone angle of the sorting region 4 is very sharp, the length of the sorting region 4 is too long, which results in high equipment and unstable center of gravity; if the angle of the half cone angle is too large, for example, greater than 60 degrees, the length of the separation zone 4 is too short, and the separation distance of ore dressing is insufficient, which may result in a decrease in ore dressing effect.
A feeding area: when the device works, raw ore powder slurry is added from a feeding pipe 2 and enters a rotary drum 1 of mineral processing equipment; the rotary drum 1 rotates at a high speed to drive the ore pulp to rotate; the ore pulp rotates along with the rotary drum and is gradually accelerated to generate centrifugal force; mineral particles with high specific gravity and large-particle gangue particles approach the inner wall of the rotary drum 1 under the action of centrifugal force; from the inner wall of the rotating drum 1 to the rotating center, a slurry layer distributed in the axial direction is formed: the closer to the inner wall of the rotary drum, the higher the slurry concentration is, and the more the high-specific gravity mineral particles and large-particle gangue are distributed; controlling the rotation speed of the rotary drum to enable the mineral particles to rotate around the drum wall without deposition; the slurry spirals down the drum wall under the force of gravity and the subsequent slurry.
And (4) sorting area: the inner diameter of the rotary drum of the sorting area 4 is gradually reduced, and the rotary drum 1 is provided with a high-pressure water spray hole 8 and a high-pressure water pipeline 7 on the side wall or the bottom of the sorting area; in the water stream impact zone, the descending slurry encounters an impact water stream or a reverse water stream (water stream from the second outlet 101), creating friction or impact forces. When the rotary drum works, when slurry with a higher centrifugal speed in a downward spiral direction enters the separation area 4, the slurry flows through a water flow blocking zone of the separation area 4, a high-concentration material layer on the inner wall of the rotary drum 1 can fly by inertia after being impacted, but heavy minerals and part of large-particle gangue are close to the inner wall of the rotary drum again after flying and form a new separation layer under the action of blocking and rotating centrifugal force of outer-layer slurry; in the flying process, compared with heavy minerals and large-particle gangue in the high-concentration material layer, the centripetal buoyancy force borne by the large-particle gangue is much larger than that of the heavy minerals, the flying distance of the gangue is farther, and the loosening and sorting are completed again; the gangue entering the zero-velocity envelope surface is discharged together with the upward flow from the first outlet 501 on the central overflow pipe 5 to form tailings.
When the rotary drum works, raw ore slurry enters the rotary drum 1 from the feeding pipe 2, and the motor drives the hollow rotary shaft 6 to rotate, so that the rotary drum 1 is driven to rotate, and the rotating speed is 100-1000 rpm; the slurry rotates in the rotary drum 1 to form normal particle size distribution, and the closer to the rotary drum 1, the more heavy minerals and large-particle gangue are; the slurry layer flows downwards to enter a separation area 4 under the action of the push and gravity of subsequent slurry; in the separation area, the radius is gradually reduced, the slurry is close to the material layer of the rotary drum 1, and the slurry generates inertia leap under the blocking action of water flow impact, so that the material layer is loosened; as the slurry continues to flow downwardly, the radius of rotation continuously decreases, resulting in a gradual reduction in centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy forces gradually playing an important role. At the critical radius, gravity and centrifugal force are equal. Below the critical radius, gravity and buoyancy begin to dominate; particularly at the water flow impact position, after the material layer is loosened, the particles close to the rotary drum 1 are arranged again according to the density; the large-particle gangue on the outer layer gradually jumps into a zero-speed envelope surface and flows upwards under the pushing of slurry, so that the large-particle gangue enters a central overflow pipe 5 and is discharged to become tailings. The high density valuable minerals in the inner layer flow down along the inner layer of the drum 1 and are discharged from the second outlet 101 below the drum 1 to form product concentrate.
As the slurry flows downward, the radius of rotation r continues to decrease, according to the formula F = m ω2r, centrifugal force decreases gradually. Meanwhile, with the reduction of the downward rotating radius, the slurry with small concentration at the outer layer gradually enters the zero-speed envelope surface and is discharged from the discharge hole of the top overflow port 501, so that the concentration of the slurry close to the inner side of the rotary drum 1 is gradually improved, and the influence of buoyancy on gangue in the slurry at the inner layer is gradually increased.
The sorting principle is as follows: along with the increase of the rotation speed of the slurry, the concentration of the slurry close to the drum wall 1 is gradually increased, and the density of the slurry is increased. According to the buoyancy formula: fBuoyancy force=ρOre pulpgV
Centripetal buoyancy also increases with increasing slurry density. In the slurry layer near the drum wall 1, the gangue large particles acquire the same centrifugal force as the heavy minerals, and the gangue minerals have a much larger volume than the heavy minerals:
when the centrifugal force is the same, the volume ratio of the gangue to the mineral is as follows: vGangue stone=（VMineral substance*ρMineral substance）/ρGangue stone
For example, in the beneficiation of gold ore, the specific gravity of gold is 19.32, which is 7 times that of gangue compared to the specific gravity of gangue of 2.7. With the centrifuge of the present invention, the gangue particles have a volume 7 times larger than that of the gold particles if the gangue particles are to obtain the same centrifugal force as gold. Namely, the centripetal buoyancy force of the large-particle gangue is 7 times that of gold.
The centrifugal force is calculated by the formula F = m ω2r。
It can be seen that the centrifugal force is proportional to r, i.e. the closer to the centre of rotation the material is subjected to the smaller centrifugal force. When the high-density slurry layer jumps to the rotating center under the impact of water flow on the inner wall of the rotary drum, the centrifugal force applied to the particles is rapidly reduced, and the change of centripetal buoyancy is not large. Large gangue minerals with particles migrate to the centre a greater distance under the influence of greater buoyancy and are more likely to enter the zero velocity envelope than heavy minerals and exit the central overflow aperture 5 and the first outlet 501.
The slurry continues to descend, and as the radius of rotation r continues to decrease, when the centrifugal force and the gravity are equal: f = m ω2r1=mg
At the moment, the centrifugal force and the gravity are equal, the direction of the buoyancy force is not normal centripetal any more, but 45 degrees upwards, and the rotating radius at the moment is the critical radius r1. The water continuously flows downwards, gravity and buoyancy play a leading role, so that a large amount of low-density and large-volume gangue flies to the outer layer of slurry from the water flow impact 7 on the inner wall of the rotary drum 1, enters gangue particles of a zero-speed envelope surface, moves upwards and overflows from the centerThe first outlet 501 at the upper part of the pipe 5 discharges to form tailings.
The minerals with high specific gravity continue to move downwards along the inner wall of the rotary drum 1 to be below a zero-speed envelope surface by virtue of large centrifugal inertia force, and are discharged together with the downward liquid flow from a second outlet 101 in the hollow rotary shaft 6 with a hollow lower part to form concentrate.
Application example 1: and the tailings of the gravity gold contain 0.7 g/ton gold. And starting a motor 8 of the composite force concentrating machine, controlling the rotating speed of the rotary drum 1 to 300 revolutions per minute, and after the equipment runs stably, conveying the gold tailing slurry with the concentration of 10% to the feeding pipe 2 by using a pump. And the gold tailings enter a feeding area 3 in the rotary drum 1, and in the feeding area 3, the gold tailings and the ore pulp rotate along with the rotary drum 1, so that the gold tailings and the ore pulp are accelerated gradually to generate centrifugal force. The pulp enters the separation zone 4 by rotating flow downwards under the push of the subsequent slurry. The high-pressure water spraying holes 8 on the inner wall of the sorting area 4 have the diameter of 10mm, the number of spraying holes on the same cross section is 6, and the total number is 36. The separation between the two cross sections was 60mm, the sorting zone 4 was conical and the half cone angle was 20 degrees. The material layer is loosened under the disturbance of the high-pressure water flow of the slurry in the separation area 4. The centrifugal force is reduced along with the reduction of the rotating radius, when the gravity exceeds the centrifugal force again, the material layer is layered again according to the density, the high-density gold ore particles are close to the inner side of the rotary drum, the low-density gangue is distributed on the outer layer, and at the next water flow impact position 7, the gangue jumps into the zero-speed envelope surface and is discharged from the central overflow pipe 5. The gold ore flows downwards along the inner side of the sorting rotary drum 1 in a rotating mode, flows out downwards from the middle of the middle idle shaft 6, becomes concentrate, the gold content of the concentrate grade detection reaches 38 g/ton, and the enrichment ratio reaches 50 times.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3 to 4, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the inner wall of the sorting region 4 is provided with circular grooves 17, and the pitch between the circular grooves is 60 mm. Under the same condition, the gold content of the concentrate grade is more than 120 g/ton, and the enrichment ratio reaches 100 times.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5-6, the present embodiment is different from the embodiment 2 in that the water inlet of the high-pressure water is not in the form of a pipeline, but in the form of a double cone, that is, a synchronous rotating outer cone 9 is arranged outside the sorting region 4, a cavity is formed between the synchronous rotating outer cone 9 and the rotary drum 1, and the water flows into the sorting region 4 from the cavity. The advantage of this design is that part of the mineral with the highest specific gravity will return to the cavity area and high grade mineral can be collected.
The rest is the same as example 2.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 7-8, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a high pressure water spray pipe 10 for loosening and sorting minerals is disposed inside the sorting area 4, the high pressure water spray pipe 10 penetrates through the hollow rotating shaft 6, a plurality of water outlet pipes 11 are disposed on the pipe wall of the high pressure water spray pipe 10 from top to bottom, high pressure water is introduced from the end of the high pressure water spray pipe 10, and the distance between the end of the water outlet pipe 11 and the inner wall of the sorting area 4 is 5 mm. The high-pressure water flow is easy to disturb centrifugal layering when the high-pressure water flow approaches too close, and the impact force is insufficient when the high-pressure water flow approaches too far.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 9-10, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the high-pressure water spray pipe 10 is located in the hollow rotating shaft 6, the water outlet of the high-pressure water spray pipe 10 faces the sorting area 4, and the high-pressure water sprays water flow from the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft 6 upwards, and the rising speed of the water flow cannot be larger than the deposition speed of the heavy minerals.
Example 6:
this example differs from example 5 in that the feed zone 3 is tapered instead of cylindrical, as shown in figure 11.
The rest is the same as example 5.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 12, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the shape of the sorting section 4 is changed from a tapered shape to a circular arc shape. The diameter of the circular arc is 1500 mm.
The rest is the same as example 5.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 13, this embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the feed zone 3 and the sorting zone 4 are integrated by one large circular arc, and the inside of the single large circular arc is smoother. The feeding area 3 and the sorting area 4 adopt an arc or an elliptical arc, the diameter of the arc is 1500mm, the larger the diameter of the arc is, the smoother the arc section is, but the diameter is too large, and the sorting effect and the conical shape are not greatly different. If the diameter of the circular arc is smaller, the transition from the feeding zone 3 to the sorting zone 4 is smoother, but if the diameter is too small, the shape of the rotary drum 1 is close to a circle, and the bottom of the sorting zone 4 is too gentle, so that the materials are easy to accumulate. Therefore, it is preferably 500 to 1000mm, and more preferably 600 to 900 mm.
The rest is the same as example 5.
Example 9:
as shown in fig. 14, this embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the sorting section 4 uses an inverted circular arc or a hyperbolic shape. The diameter of the circular arc is 2400 mm.
The rest is the same as example 5.
Example 10:
as shown in fig. 15, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the position of the motor 12 is shifted from the bottom to the top of the housing 13. The sorting section 4 can also be replaced by a curved rotary drum.
The rest is the same as example 5.
Various modifications and variations of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art, and they are also within the scope of the present invention provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
What is not described in detail in the specification is prior art that is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides an improved generation composite force ore dressing equipment, includes the rotary drum, stretches into the inlet pipe in the rotary drum, its characterized in that: the rotary drum is characterized in that the upper portion of the rotary drum is a feeding area, the lower portion of the rotary drum is a sorting area, a water flow impact device used for loosening and sorting minerals is arranged in the sorting area of the rotary drum, a central overflow pipe is arranged in the rotary drum, a first outlet is arranged on one side of the upper portion of the central overflow pipe, a second outlet is arranged below the rotary drum, and the rotary drum is driven to rotate through a hollow rotating shaft or the central overflow pipe located in the second outlet.
2. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water flow impact device is arranged on the outer side of the separation area and comprises high-pressure water jet holes arranged on the side wall of the separation area.
3. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a ring-shaped groove connected with the adjacent high-pressure water jet holes is formed in the inner wall of the sorting area.
4. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a synchronous rotating outer cone is arranged on the outer side of the sorting area, and a cavity is formed between the synchronous rotating outer cone and the rotary drum.
5. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water stream impact device comprises a high-pressure water spray pipe.
6. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the high-pressure spray pipe penetrates through the hollow rotating shaft, and the pipe wall of the high-pressure spray pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet pipes from top to bottom.
7. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the distance between the tail end of the water outlet pipe and the inner wall of the sorting area is 3-10 mm.
8. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the high-pressure water spray pipe is positioned in the hollow rotating shaft, and the water outlet of the high-pressure water spray pipe faces the sorting area.
9. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the rotary drum is fixed in the shell, a tailing discharging port is formed in one side of the shell, a tailing discharging channel used for connecting the first outlet and the tailing discharging port is formed in the shell, a motor is arranged on the shell and used for driving the hollow rotary shaft or the central overflow pipe to rotate, and a supporting frame is arranged at the bottom of the shell.
10. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the half cone angle of the sorting region is 5-60 degrees, preferably 15-50 degrees, and further preferably 25-35 degrees.
11. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the rotary drum is approximately conical.
12. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that: the feeding area of the rotary drum is cylindrical or conical, and the sorting area is an arc surface or an elliptic arc surface.
13. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that: the feeding area of the rotary drum is conical or cylindrical, and the side wall of the sorting area is in a reverse arc shape.
14. The improved composite force ore dressing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that: the feeding area and the sorting area of the rotary drum are integrated by a large arc surface or an elliptic arc surface.
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| CN202010435637.9A CN111632751A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Improved composite force mineral processing equipment |
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| CN202010435637.9A CN111632751A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Improved composite force mineral processing equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113083488A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 西安科技大学 | Automatic float-sink test equipment of coal |
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