CN106925436B - Tapered centrifugal ore dressing equipment - Google Patents
Tapered centrifugal ore dressing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106925436B CN106925436B CN201710219291.7A CN201710219291A CN106925436B CN 106925436 B CN106925436 B CN 106925436B CN 201710219291 A CN201710219291 A CN 201710219291A CN 106925436 B CN106925436 B CN 106925436B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
- B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tapered centrifugal mineral processing device, which comprises a central ore feeding pipe, a centrifugal rotary drum, a splitter box, a shutoff groove, a hollow shaft rotary platform, a shell, a concentrate groove, a tailing groove, a driving motor, a hollow shaft and a rack, wherein the central ore feeding pipe is connected with the centrifugal rotary drum; the centrifugal rotary drum, the cut-off groove, the hollow shaft rotating platform, the concentrate groove and the tailing groove are arranged in the shell, the centrifugal rotary drum is positioned in the center of the inner part of the shell, the central ore feeding pipe penetrates through the shell from the outside to be opposite to the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum, the splitter grooves are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal rotary drum, the cut-off groove is arranged at the tail end of the splitter groove, the concentrate groove is arranged at the outlet of the splitter groove, the tailing groove is arranged at the outlet of the cut-off groove, the centrifugal rotary drum is arranged on the hollow shaft rotating platform, the hollow shaft rotating platform is connected with the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft is connected with the driving motor, and the driving motor is arranged on the rack; the invention has the advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency, energy saving, autonomous and continuous discharge of fine tailings, high efficiency and low cost, is suitable for high-efficiency sorting of micro-fine particle minerals, and realizes sustainable development of resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tapered centrifugal ore dressing device, in particular to a tapered flow film type centrifugal ore dressing device which can continuously sort micro-fine-fraction valuable minerals, independently discharge ores and efficiently recover in an environment-friendly manner under the action of a composite force field, and belongs to the technical field of ore dressing.
Background
The increasing industrialization process forces the mining scale and strength of mine resources to be in a continuous increasing trend, the mineral resources are gradually exhausted, and the resource crisis becomes a global problem.
The traditional ore mud beneficiation equipment mainly comprises a cross-flow belt chute, a shaking and turning bed, an ore mud shaking table, a spiral classifier, a jigger and other flow film type and jigging type gravity separation equipment, the two types only work under the action of single gravity, the separation speed and the accuracy of small particles are extremely low, and the loss of fine-grained concentrate is easily caused. The centrifugal mineral separation technology plays the unique advantages of no pollution of gravity separation, high efficiency and energy saving in the treatment of poor, fine, miscellaneous and other refractory minerals and precious metal minerals.
The centrifugal machine carries out the flowing film ore dressing by centrifugal force through the centrifugal design of a gravity field, realizes the high-efficiency and low-consumption separation of micro-fine-particle-level minerals, and is a centrifugal machine developed at home and abroad in early stage, the separation area of a separation disc is a fixed smooth inner surface, each layer is provided with enrichment grids with the same area, because the centrifugal rotating speed of the mineral feeding concentration of each mineral is uncertain, when the mineral to be selected rotates at high speed, the formed mineral flowing film (enrichment layer) cannot keep laminar flow shearing, dispersion, layering and separation in the enrichment area due to different mineral characteristics and flow, so that the phenomenon of hardening appears by layer compaction, even if some centrifugal separation machines solve the phenomenon of hardening through punching, backwashing and other measures on the surface of the enrichment area, the effect is still not ideal.
The vertical centrifugal machine (a Nielsen centrifugal separator, a Falcan centrifugal separator and a water jacket type centrifugal separator) has high separation ratio, high concentrate grade and large treatment capacity, is used for gold separation, is limited by the structure in industrial production, can only intermittently operate to discharge concentrate, has low yield, is only used for separating precious metals such as gold, silver and the like with less yield of large-specific gravity concentrate, and cannot be widely applied to separating minerals such as tungsten, tin and iron with more yield of concentrate; the problem of continuous ore discharge of concentrate by a horizontal centrifuge cannot be well solved, the discontinuous ore discharge centrifuge often has extremely high failure rate and small production processing capacity due to the inconsistent actions and abnormal operation among ore feeding, ore separation and ore washing, and the ore dressing effect is seriously influenced. In recent years, a few continuous centrifuges are provided with high-pressure flushing water devices at the top of an inner cavity of a rotary drum, heavy minerals are discharged from a slit at the bottom end of the rotary drum to form concentrate under the action of the high-pressure flushing water during production, although continuous ore discharge is realized, the separation of the minerals is completed in the centrifuges after the minerals rotate for less than one week, the centrifugal separation time is extremely short, the problems of low separation efficiency of the micro-fine minerals, low mineral enrichment ratio, low product purity, high water consumption, hardened sediments and the like occur, and the application of the centrifuges in the industry is limited.
The development research and application of the prior flowing film gravity separation equipment and the flowing film sorting technology at home and abroad are very lacking and immature. The existing flow film type centrifugal ore dressing equipment mostly carries out separation on a thin water layer and an inclined bed layer, even if the equipment is arranged on a deep water layer, only the dead weight of minerals depends on, and the thickness of a flow film flow layer in the traditional flow film type centrifugal machine is changed from thick to thin, so that great inconvenience is brought to separation of products after loosening and layering, the treatment capacity is limited, and the ore dressing and separation efficiency is reduced.
In summary, the centrifugal ore dressing technology field needs to combine different centrifugal ore dressing equipment and its sorting mechanism, and designs a centrifugal ore dressing equipment which has simple equipment structure, high enrichment ratio, high recovery rate, adjustable concentrate grade, low water consumption and energy consumption, and can continuously and efficiently operate, which is a difficult problem that can not be solved well for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method which is convenient to operate, environment-friendly, efficient, energy-saving, capable of continuously and autonomously working and automatically discharging sorted fine tailings under the working condition of no shutdown, and solves the problems of difficult sorting, difficult separation, low enrichment ratio, low mineral separation capacity caused by intermittent operation of mineral separation equipment and the like of micro-fine useful minerals in the existing flowing film mineral separation technology; the method can efficiently and lowly treat low-grade and fine-grain raw ore, old tailings and difficultly selected ore, effectively recycle the micro-fine-grain valuable metal which cannot be recycled at present and is discharged into the tailings, solve the problems of small treatment capacity, poor sorting effect, high cost and the like in the process of treating fine-grain ore commonly existing in the conventional equipment, and realize sustainable development of resources.
A kind of point contracting type centrifugal ore dressing apparatus, including the central ore feeding tube 1, centrifugating the rotary drum 2, splitter box 3, cut-off slot 4, hollow shaft rotary platform 8, outer casing 9, concentrate trough 10, tailings trough 11, driving motor 12, hollow shaft 13, framework 14; the centrifugal rotary drum 2, the cut-off groove 4, the hollow shaft rotating platform 8, the concentrate groove 10 and the tailing groove 11 are arranged in the shell 9, the centrifugal rotary drum 2 is positioned in the center of the interior of the shell 9, the central ore feeding pipe 1 penetrates through the shell 9 from the outside to be opposite to the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, more than 4 diversion grooves 3 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, the cut-off groove 4 is arranged at the tail end of each diversion groove 3, the concentrate groove 10 is arranged at the outlet of each diversion groove 3, the tailing groove 11 is arranged at the outlet of each cut-off groove 4, the centrifugal rotary drum 2 is arranged on the hollow shaft rotating platform 8, the hollow shaft rotating platform 8 is connected with the hollow shaft 13, the hollow shaft 13 is connected with the driving motor 12, and the driving motor 12 is arranged on the rack 14.
The splitter box 3 and the cut-off groove 4 are of a tip-shrinkage structure, and are beneficial to splitting and separating ore pulp.
The bottom of the splitter box 3 is of an arc structure.
The diversion trench 3 and the intercepting trench 4 are connected at the baffle of the diversion trench 3 and the baffle of the intercepting trench 4 by the intercepting trench regulating valve 5, the distance between the diversion trench and the intercepting trench 4 is changed by regulating the intercepting trench regulating valve 5, then the thickness of the ore pulp flowing film intercepted by the intercepting trench 4 is regulated, and the flow dividing amount of the concentrate and the tailings is regulated.
The shutoff groove regulating valve 5 is a bolt.
And a concentrate discharge port 6 and a tailing discharge port 7 are arranged at the bottoms of the concentrate tank 10 and the tailing tank 11, so that the minerals can be conveniently discharged.
The acute angle formed by the baffle forming the splitter box 3 and the inscribed circle tangent line of the centrifugal drum 2 is 40-50 degrees.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the ore pulp separator works, the driving motor 12 drives the hollow shaft 13 to rotate, so that the hollow shaft rotating platform 8 drives the centrifugal rotary drum 2 to rotate, ore pulp is fed into the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum 2 from the central ore feeding pipe 1, the ore pulp is uniformly divided by the dividing channel 3 under the combined action of self weight and centrifugal force, rapidly expands and diffuses towards the periphery of the side wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2 in the form of a flowing film and moves at high speed along with the side wall of the centrifugal rotary drum, in the moving process, minerals with different densities form different centrifugal acceleration, are loosened, settled and layered, so that super-gravity separation is realized, heavy mineral particles in the ore pulp attach and deposit to the inner wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, in the process, the baffle plate of the sharply-contracted dividing channel 3 plays a role in dividing and generates a blocking effect on the moving ore pulp, the thickness of the flowing layer of the ore pulp flowing film is changed from thin to thick, when the ore pulp moves to the top end of the dividing channel 3, a part of the ore pulp is intercepted by the intercepting channel 4, the heavy mineral is discharged from the end of the dividing channel 4, flows into the fine channel 10, and then is discharged from the tailing channel 11, so that the light mineral is effectively separated, and the tailings are discharged from the tailing channel 7, and the tailings are separated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The centrifugal acceleration which is more than dozens of even hundreds of times of the gravity is generated in the centrifugal drum, the gravity difference of particles with different densities in the centrifugal force field is enlarged by corresponding times, light and heavy minerals form larger differential motion, so that the flowing film mineral deposit is better loosened and layered, the bed layer is not easy to harden, the application range of processing fine-grained minerals is improved, the sorting time is shortened, the processing capacity is about 10 times of that of an automatic chute, and the method can further recycle useful minerals in various raw mineral metals, useful minerals in various metal mineral tailings and tailings after all metal raw mineral are screened.
(2) Compared with the traditional flowing film type gravity centrifuge, the structure of the splitter box baffle plate enables the thickness of the flowing layer of the flowing film to be gradually changed from thin to thick, so that the ore flow speed is gradually changed, the separation effect of the wide-size-fraction mineral particles after loosening and layering is more remarkable, the defect that the thickness of the flowing layer of the flowing film of the traditional flowing film type gravity centrifuge is extremely difficult to separate from the thick to thin is overcome, and the problem that the mineral products are difficult to separate in the later period is solved.
(3) Aiming at the difficult problem of high water consumption of the existing centrifugal equipment, the pulp in the equipment can realize independent ore discharge only by virtue of self gravity and the extremely large centrifugal force generated by rotation of the centrifugal drum without consuming water, and the equipment is different from flotation, does not depend on any chemical agent, has no concern about environmental pollution, avoids water consumption cost, saves energy, and realizes low energy and environmental protection.
(4) The mineral particles after loose settling and layering move to the top edge of a splitter box on a centrifugal drum, the height of the splitter box is pre-pertinently adjusted by utilizing a throttle box adjusting valve according to the comprehensive characteristics of minerals with different granularities, densities, heavy mineral contents and operation shapes to control the cutoff thickness, the quality of a concentrate product, the grading precision and the width of a processing grade, and the concentration ratio, and the tailings can be discarded by once cutting and sorting, so that the minerals with different fine grain grades still have better recovery effect.
(5) The enrichment and separation of minerals are a continuous process, the lower limit of separation granularity is low, concentrate and tailings are thrown out mainly by inherent centrifugal force when a centrifugal drum runs, the concentrate minerals are discharged without stopping the machine for flushing, and the heavy minerals can be continuously and automatically discharged without high pressure water and scraper loosening, so that the continuous mineral separation production operation is realized, the water consumption and the energy consumption are greatly saved, and the production cost is reduced.
(6) The running parts of the equipment are a centrifugal rotating drum splitter box and a cut-off box, the other parts are all fixed, the structure is compact, the main parts of the equipment are all made of cast iron, the parts are the same as the centrifuges which are used in large quantities in the concentrating mills in China, the cost of the equipment and the parts is low, and the equipment is easy to update.
(7) The device has the advantages of clear principle, simple structure and part connection, light weight and small occupied area; the equipment runs vertically, the gravity center and the rotating shaft run stably and reliably in the same vertical direction, vibration is generated, the noise is low, and the mechanical failure rate is low; the device, the installation and the operation are simple, the operation is convenient for users, the management and maintenance cost is low, the capital investment is greatly reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the effective separation of the poor fine and fine micro-particle refractory minerals can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beneficiation plant according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the ore dressing equipment according to the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of the splitter box of embodiment 1 of the present invention taken along the plane A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection between the intercepting groove and the diverting groove according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the ore dressing equipment of the embodiment 1 of the invention after the ore dressing equipment starts to work by adding ore pulp;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an intercepting groove and a splitter box when the mineral processing equipment in embodiment 1 of the invention works;
in the figure: 1-central feeding pipe, 2-centrifugal drum, 3-splitter box, 4-shutoff box, 5-shutoff box regulating valve, 6-concentrate discharge port, 7-tailing discharge port, 8-hollow shaft rotary platform, 9-shell, 10-concentrate box, 11-tailing box, 12-motor, 13-hollow shaft and 14-frame.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the nature, technical means, objectives and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A tapered centrifugal ore dressing equipment is shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 and comprises a central ore feeding pipe 1, a centrifugal rotary drum 2, a diversion trench 3, a shutoff trench 4, a hollow shaft rotary platform 8, a shell 9, a concentrate trench 10, a tailing trench 11, a driving motor 12, a hollow shaft 13 and a rack 14; the mineral separation device comprises a centrifugal rotary drum 2, an intercepting groove 4, a hollow shaft rotary platform 8, a concentrate groove 10 and a tailing groove 11, wherein the centrifugal rotary drum 2 and the hollow shaft rotary platform 8 are positioned in the center of a shell 9, the hollow shaft rotary platform 8 is connected and arranged at the center of the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, a central mineral feeding pipe 1 penetrates through the shell 9 from the outside and is opposite to the bottom end of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, minerals can be fed to the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum 2 from the right upper end of the central mineral feeding pipe 1, 8 distributing grooves 3 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, an acute angle formed by a baffle of each distributing groove 3 and a tangent line inscribed in the intersection point of the baffle and the centrifugal rotary drum 2 is 45 degrees, the intercepting groove 4 is arranged at the tail end of each distributing groove 3, the concentrate groove 10 is arranged at the outlet of each distributing groove 3, the tailing groove 11 is arranged at the outlet of each intercepting groove 4, a concentrate discharge outlet 7 is arranged at the bottom of each concentrate groove 11, the distributing grooves 3 and the intercepting grooves 4 are of a point contraction structure, separation of the concentrate is facilitated, the distributing grooves 3 and the intercepting grooves 3 are of the arc structures, the regulating grooves, the regulating valves 4 are connected with a mineral separation motor for regulating the hollow shaft of the intercepting grooves 12, and a regulating motor for regulating the hollow shaft of the regulating grooves 12, and the regulating grooves are connected, and a machine frame, and a regulating motor for regulating the regulating valve for regulating the regulating grooves.
In operation, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the driving motor 12 drives the hollow shaft 13 to rotate, so as to drive the hollow shaft rotating platform 8 to drive the centrifugal drum 2 to rotate, then the ore pulp is fed into the bottom of the centrifugal drum 2 from the central ore feeding pipe 1, the ore pulp is uniformly divided by the baffle plate of the dividing channel 3 under the combined action of self-weight and great centrifugal force, rapidly expands and diffuses to the periphery of the centrifugal drum 2 in the form of a flow film and moves with the centrifugal drum at high speed, the ore pulp is fed onto the wall of the centrifugal drum 2 from the small-diameter end of the centrifugal drum 2 along the tangential direction by utilizing the separation principle of the flow film in the centrifugal field, under the action of the centrifugal force, the ore pulp is attached to the wall of the centrifugal drum 2 to form a rising flow film, and in the moving process, the minerals form different centrifugal acceleration due to different densities to further realize the supergravity separation and enrichment, the centrifugal force of the drum wall strengthens the sedimentation of the ore pulp to the wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2, the attachment sedimentation to the inner wall of the centrifugal rotary drum 2 is increased, the tangential speed of the centrifugal rotary drum is increased as the ore pulp approaches the inner wall, particles are promoted to generate larger centrifugal force and are closer to the inner wall, a loose bed layer formed by scattering the mineral particles and the ore pulp flow is more beneficial to the separation of the mineral particles with different densities, the light and heavy minerals are gradually loosened, settled and layered under the combined action of the self gravity, the friction force of a separation surface, the maximum centrifugal force of the centrifugal rotary drum and a baffle plate of the splitter box 3, the influence of the centrifugal force and the gravity on the heavy mineral particles is large, and the heavy mineral particles are centrifugally settled to the inner surface of the rotary drum in a very short time and move along with the centrifugal rotary drum 2; the light minerals move along the axial direction of the ore pulp flow along a certain angle slope, the light minerals cannot reach the bottom layer of the flow film under the action of the pulsating diffusion of the flow film and are suspended on the upper layer of the heavy mineral particles, the friction force borne by the light minerals is smaller than that of the heavy mineral particles, the light minerals in the ore pulp rotate along the centrifugal drum 2 at a certain differential speed, the light minerals flow from the ore feeding end to the ore discharging end along the slope direction of the centrifugal drum 2 at a certain helical angle in the rotating process and are discharged at a faster moving speed relative to the heavy minerals, the baffle of the tapered diversion trench 3 plays a role in diversion in the rotating process and has a certain blocking effect on the moving ore pulp, so that the thickness of the flow layer of the ore pulp flow film is increased from thin to thick, when the ore pulp moves to the top end of the diversion trench 3, part of the ore pulp is discharged through the interception trench 4, the heavy minerals are discharged from the tail end of the diversion trench 3 at the bottom layer of the interception trench 4 and flow into the concentrate trench 10 and are discharged through the concentrate discharge port 6, and the light minerals are discharged into the tail mine trench 11 from the tail trench 4, thereby realizing effective separation.
Can place the baffle that meets the requirements on traditional centrifugal drum 2's basis and form splitter box 3, also can reach same result of use, the acute angle that splitter box 3 baffle and centrifugal drum 2 intersect department inscribe circle tangent line and form is adjusted between 40-50 degrees as required, all can obtain fine result of use.
The invention can be implemented by using the technical solutions of the present invention according to the contents of the drawings in the present specification, or by using similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the present invention, and any simple modifications, changes, equivalent structural changes, and component replacements performed by using the technical matters of the present invention to the above embodiments to achieve the above technical effects, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, and still belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A tapered centrifugal ore dressing equipment is characterized by comprising a central ore feeding pipe (1), a centrifugal rotary drum (2), a splitter box (3), an intercepting groove (4), a hollow shaft rotating platform (8), a shell (9), a concentrate groove (10), a tailing groove (11), a driving motor (12), a hollow shaft (13) and a rack (14); the device comprises a centrifugal rotary drum (2), an intercepting groove (4), a hollow shaft rotary platform (8), a concentrate groove (10) and a tailing groove (11), wherein the centrifugal rotary drum (2) is positioned in the center of the inside of a shell (9), a central ore feeding pipe (1) penetrates through the shell (9) from the outside to be opposite to the bottom of the centrifugal rotary drum (2), more than 4 diversion grooves (3) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the centrifugal rotary drum (2), the intercepting groove (4) is arranged at the tail end of each diversion groove (3), the concentrate groove (10) is arranged at the outlet of each diversion groove (3), the tailing groove (11) is arranged at the outlet of each intercepting groove (4), the centrifugal rotary drum (2) is arranged on the hollow shaft rotary platform (8), the hollow shaft rotary platform (8) is connected with the hollow shaft (13), the hollow shaft (13) is connected with a driving motor (12), and the driving motor (12) is arranged on a rack (14);
the splitter box (3) and the shutoff box (4) are of a tapered structure; the splitter box (3) is connected with the cut-off groove (4) through a cut-off groove regulating valve (5); the intercepting groove adjusting valve (5) is a bolt.
2. A tapered centrifugal beneficiation plant according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the diverter tank (3) is of an arc-shaped structure.
3. A tapered centrifugal mineral processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrate tank (10) is provided with a concentrate discharge port (6) at the bottom and a tailings discharge port (7) at the bottom of the tailings tank (11).
4. A tapered centrifugal mineral processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle plate constituting the dividing channel (3) forms an acute angle of 40-50 degrees with the inscribed circle tangent of the centrifugal drum (2).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107758672A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The recovery method of silica flour in crystalline silicon cutting waste material |
| CN107824342B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2024-02-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Supergravity grading process system |
| CN108311295B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-11-20 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Composite force field step reinforced centrifugal ore separator |
| CN108855640A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-23 | 四川蜀科仪器有限公司 | A kind of continuous centrifugal sample introduction part flow arrangement |
| CN110339948B (en) * | 2019-07-07 | 2021-10-15 | 安徽益必生物科技有限公司 | Low-rotation-speed micro particle separation device |
| CN114471963B (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2024-08-02 | 陈子钰 | Ore pulp separator |
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| US4981219A (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1991-01-01 | Burnell Garry J | Apparatus and method for separating intermixed particles of differing densities |
| CN1618523A (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2005-05-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and equipment for air-flow type ore-discharging for centrifugal ore-dressing machine |
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