RU2445168C2 - Method of gravity separation of minerals and apparatus to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dressing of minerals, in particular, gold bearing sands. Proposed method comprises tangential feed of pulp into top working zone, forming pulp flow swirled crosswise and vortex flows inside chutes over their entire length wherein, at centrifugal forces acting on mineral particles, they are classified to density. Heavy particles are precipitated on inclined bottom of chutes to roll downward to make concentrate while light particles flow off the chute in swirling pump flow in tails. Intercone space is formed by setting limiting cone coaxially with concentrator cone. Said intercone space thickness is adjusted to maintain constant centrifugal force. Additionally, water is fed into intercone space working zone top part to form pulp and water flow swirling crosswise. Proposed apparatus comprises conical concentrator with cone-shaped working chamber with radially narrowing chutes, branch pipe for tangential feed of pulp and separation products unloading means. Said concentrator is furnished with limiting cone arranged coaxially with working chamber with adjustable clearance from chute wall edges. It comprises also water tangential feed branch pipe and pump feed branch pipe arranged at working chamber top section. Tail unloading means represent circular deflector arranged at cone bottom section coaxially with concentrate discharge opening.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of separation.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of enrichment of geomaterials, in particular gold-bearing sands.

A similar enrichment method is known in which the material is subjected to a density separation process on an inclined plane, for example, in a stationary gateway, which has a slightly inclined rectangular groove, on the bottom of which stencils are laid. Heavy particles settle to the bottom of the airlock, and light particles are carried away by a stream of water. Due to the use of stencils, due to the formation of vortices, heavy materials settled on the bottom of the airlock are constantly stirred up and scraped off from light fractions [1].

The disadvantage of this method is that during the continuous supply of material, the cells of the stencil are filled with heavy grains, after which it is necessary to stop loading and rinse, i.e. flushing the concentrate from the bottom of the gateway into a separate receiver.

Known hydrocyclone, with the help of which a method of enrichment of minerals (geomaterials) is carried out in a cone concentrator with radially installed tapering grooves, including tangential supply of pulp to the upper working zone, the formation of a transversely swirling pulp stream and vortex flows inside the grooves along their entire length, where under the influence centrifugal forces on mineral particles are separated by density, deposition of heavy particles on the inclined bottom surface of the gutters and their rolling down to form a concentrate output, the output of the light particles from the pulp flow troughs screw-tails in [2].

The disadvantage of this method and apparatus is that a high pressure feed of the initial pulp is required to transfer the fine and light fractions through the upper drain hole with increased resistance of the medium due to the presence of radial ribs, while the degree of separation of minerals by density is significantly less.

Increasing the efficiency of density separation is achieved in the proposed method of beneficiation of geomaterials, implemented in a cone concentrator with radially installed tapering grooves, including tangential pulp feeding into the upper working zone, the formation of a transversely swirling pulp stream and vortex flows inside the grooves along their entire length, where under the influence of centrifugal forces on mineral particles there is a separation in density, deposition of heavy particles on an inclined bottom surface of the gutters and and x rolling down with the formation of the concentrate outlet, withdrawal of light particles from the gutters by a swirling pulp stream to the tails, characterized in that they form the inter-cone space by installing it coaxially with the concentrator cone, restrictive cone, adjust the thickness of the inter-cone space to maintain a constant level of centrifugal force, additionally supply water to the upper part of the working area of the inter-conical space for the formation of a transversely swirling flow of pulp and water.

The proposed enrichment method in a cone concentrator can be implemented in an apparatus that includes a cone-shaped working chamber with radially installed tapering grooves, a pipe for tangential pulp feeding, devices for unloading separation products, characterized in that the concentrator is equipped with a restriction cone mounted coaxially with the working chamber with an adjustable gap from the edge of the walls of the gutters, a pipe for tangential water supply, installed, like a pipe for feeding pulp, in the upper Asti working chamber, a device for discharging tailings formed as an annular clipper disposed in the bottom part of the cone coaxial hole for discharging the concentrate.

A comparable analysis of the claimed method with an analogue shows that, unlike a gateway with stencils, heavy particles deposited on the bottom surface of the tapering troughs can move towards the discharge side due to the tilt of the trough, due to which the possibility of a continuous enrichment method is achieved. Thus, a comparative analysis of the proposed hub with an analogue allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

Technical solutions are known, for example, in the prototype, separation of particles by density occurs in a cone-shaped working chamber with radial installed tapering grooves, and light fractions are unloaded through a drain pipe in the upper part of the working chamber, in the claimed solution, particles are separated by density in a downward flow without the formation of forced uprising vortices in the space formed in the chamber in the form of a cone with radial mounted narrowing trenches and coaxially mounted inside and limiting the working chamber of the cone with the possibility of regulating the width mezhkonusnogo space where the conditions effective separation of minerals by density.

Thus, a comparative analysis of the proposed hub with the prototype allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive level".

The invention is illustrated by graphic material, figure 1 shows a vertical section of a hub.

A centrifugal cone concentrator consists of a cone (1) with radially installed tapering troughs (2), a restrictive cone (3) located coaxially inside the cone (1). Pipes (4) and (5) for supplying the initial pulp and additional water are installed in the upper part of the cone (1) so that the pulp enters the working area tangentially. The concentrator is also equipped with a coaxially mounted annular cutoff (6) for unloading the tailings and an opening for unloading the concentrates (7).

Centrifugal cone concentrator operates as follows.

The initial pulp and additional water under pressure are tangentially fed into the upper part of the cone (1) through the nozzles (4) and (5) to create transverse swirling flows over the grooves in the inter-conical space and vortex flows inside the grooves along their entire length.

In this case, mineral grains of heavy density will concentrate inside the trenches (2) of the cone (1), and light ones - to the inner contour of the bounding cone (3). Vortex flows inside the gutters constantly stir up and clear the heavy mineral grains concentrated inside the gutters from light fractions. Further, mineral grains of heavy density gradually slide down and are discharged through the opening (7), and light material is unloaded by gravity flow through an annular cutter (6). The hydrodynamics of the resulting funnels is such that with a steady vortex flow, while maintaining a constant pressure of water, the process is self-sustaining.

Literature

1. Abramov A.A. Processing, enrichment and integrated use of solid minerals. Moscow State Mining University, 2001, pp. 216-218.

2. Hydrocyclone for the classification and enrichment of minerals. SU 1655575 A1, 06/15/1991, B03B 5/34.

Claims (2)

1. The method of gravitational separation of minerals, including tangential pulp supply to the upper working zone, the formation of a transversely swirling pulp stream and vortex flows inside the gutters along their entire length, where, under the influence of centrifugal forces on mineral particles, density is separated, heavy particles are deposited on an inclined bottom the surface of the gutters and their rolling down with the formation of the output of concentrates, the withdrawal of light particles from the gutters by a swirling flow of pulp into the tails, characterized in that t mezhkonusnoe installation space coaxially cone concentrator restrictive cone mezhkonusnogo regulate the thickness of the space to maintain a constant level of the centrifugal force, further comprising supplying water to the upper part of the working area mezhkonusnogo space for forming cross swirling flow of pulp and water. 2. A cone concentrator, including a cone-shaped working chamber with radially installed tapering grooves, a pipe for tangential pulp feeding, devices for unloading separation products, characterized in that the concentrator is equipped with a restricting cone mounted coaxially to the working chamber with an adjustable gap from the edge of the walls of the chutes, a pipe for tangential water supply, installed, like a pipe for feeding pulp, in the upper part of the working chamber, the device for unloading the tailings is made in ide ring cutter located at the bottom of the cone, coaxial with the hole for unloading the concentrate.

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