RU2797515C9 - Container fortification construction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to design and method of construction of ready-made military fortifications, capable of protecting sheltered objects from the action of air shock waves, radiation, high explosive and penetrating action of conventional weapons. Container fortification construction, consisting of a frame made of one-piece frame-panel container modules with a pliable bottom, interconnected into one shelter, and protective sealing doors, internal equipment and life support systems. Sea containers are used as one-piece frame-panel module-containers interconnected into one sealed shelter, linings from wooden sleepers are used as a flexible bottom of a cellular structure, sealing doors of sea containers are used as protective and sealing doors, a standard technical set is used as internal equipment and life support systems, which, if necessary, includes a filter and ventilation unit, a heating stove, a source of electricity, lighting equipment, etc., the structure walls and flooring are additionally equipped with distributing protective screens made from a decommissioned, used railway tank car.

EFFECT: structure of the required dimensions with increased security and construction technology is proposed, allowing construction of such a structure, taking into account the requirements for its concealment.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design and method of erecting military fortifications of a modular type of full factory readiness, capable of protecting sheltered objects from the action of an air shock wave, radiation, high-explosive and penetrating conventional weapons. When using the proposed approach, it becomes possible to quickly, without significant material and other costs, increase the production of the required number of military fortifications for various purposes that meet the requirements of camouflage, security and manufacturability.

The invention relates to military fortifications for firing, protection, work and recreation of personnel, and can also be used in the construction of medical posts, command posts and ammunition depots. The claimed invention relates to military fortifications erected with engineering equipment for defensive positions and areas of concentration of troops.

It is known "Quick-assembly shelter" according to the author's certificate SU 1197527 A1 dated 27.04.2000, IPC E04H 9/00 - [1], including a room for accommodation of personnel, a vestibule, a vestibule, a gateway, hermetic doors and internal equipment, equipped with a rectangular shipping container with a removable lid, internal partitions and hermetic doors, with a room for personnel made in the form of a pair sections of rectangular cross-section from hinged interconnected flat panels and a removable ceiling panel, while the sections are hermetically attached to the sides of the shipping container and are equipped with an additional part with a base and two sides placed under the shipping container, in which the internal equipment is permanently installed.

The disadvantages of the design of the "Quick Shelter" is the complexity, high metal consumption of the structure and the need to use elements of full factory readiness. Elements require time to be delivered to the installation site. The proposed design does not provide high protective properties against the general and penetrating effects of ammunition in conventional equipment.

Known "Method of block-modular construction of structures in pits and buried structures for military infrastructure" according to the patent for the invention RU 2702779 C1 dated 11.10.2019, IPC E04H 9/12 - [2], which consists in the fact that the block modules are manufactured in the factory using flow technology, with saturation of equipment and devices with delivery to the construction site and installing them in the design position, hermetically connecting I have them with reinforced concrete walk-throughs on a previously prepared base in a pit - a monolithic foundation slab on a pile foundation with inlet walls and drainage channels connected to a water-reducing installation located on the surface of the earth and with a reinforced concrete protective screen.

The disadvantage of analogue [2] is the complexity and material consumption of factory production and delivery of structures, the high complexity of the construction of the structure. The term of production and delivery does not allow to quickly manufacture and deliver a large number of structures in the event of a military conflict or emergency.

It is known "Protective structure of civil defense of a block-modular type of full factory readiness" according to the patent for the invention RU 2634320 C1 dated 10/25/2017, IPC E04H 9/04, E04H 9/16 - [3], consisting of separate metal containers with load-bearing structures of the outer walls, the base and ceiling of the containers reinforced from the inside by mutually perpendicular metal racks and beams, as well as with the help of transverse metal beams from a rolled profile with installed metal buttresses, fixed to vertical metal racks for reinforcing the outer walls and anchored at the base, with installation on the ground without sprinkling with soil.

The disadvantage of analog [3] is the low protective properties of the structure due to the lack of protective thicknesses (soil) and deepening, which significantly increase the protective properties of the structure. The design is metal-intensive, requires significant material and labor costs for production and delivery.

It is known "Transformable field protective structure" according to the utility model to the patent RU 169611 dated 03/24/2017, IPC Е04Н 9/00, Е04В 1/343 - [4], consisting of a supporting frame of the skeleton made according to innovative technology from composite materials of a polygonal design with lower curved elements and end diaphragms with built-in protective and hermetic doors , interconnected by means of two synthetic shells, an outer load-bearing and an inner heat-insulating shell, deployed into the operational position by eccentric compression spacer rods by means of end diaphragms acting on them with an emphasis on the supporting elements of the frame, while to fix the skeleton in a stationary working state, its ends are fixed to the ground from the inside with anchor stakes, and to maintain a favorable temperature and humidity microclimate, heat-shielding panels of the "sandwich" type are additionally installed outside.

The disadvantage of analogue [4] is the high cost of building a structure, requiring the use of expensive composite materials, the difficulty of rapidly increasing production at the start of hostilities, the need to deliver over long distances, because plants for the production of composite materials are not widely used. The protective properties of the structure do not allow for the protection of the sheltered object.

Known "Quickly removable transformable module fortification container type" according to the patent for the invention RU 2594865 C1 dated 20.08.2016, IPC F41H 3/02 - [5], consisting of a bearing base having a roof, end walls, movable side walls on hinges and a bottom with canisters, in which support beams are located together with support posts, while inside the supporting base for to create a room, folding panels are hinged and connected to the mechanism for their movement, while the supporting base of the container is made with openings in the sides for retractable canisters.

The disadvantages of the “Quickly Retrievable Transformable Container-Type Fortification Module” [5] are the need for highly qualified personnel during assembly and dismantling, high metal consumption and labor costs for production and delivery, while the structure has low security.

It is known "Container-type fortification" according to the patent for utility model RU 61323 U1 dated February 27, 2007, IPC E04H 1/12, EQ4H 9/00 - [6], consisting of a skeleton made of three types of solid frame-panel modules-containers with a pliable bottom of a cellular structure, interconnected into one hermetic shelter by means of retractable wedge-shaped shoes and tie bolts with sealing docking devices and protective and hermetic doors, internal equipment and life support systems - a prototype.

The disadvantage of analog [6] is the complexity of factory manufacturing and delivery of the structure, as well as insufficient protective properties. The term of production and delivery does not allow to quickly manufacture and deliver a large number of structures in the event of a military conflict or emergency.

The disadvantages of the prototype and analogues set the task of creating a fortification that does not require large labor costs during construction, easy to install, ensuring the tightness of the structure, having comprehensive protection against all means of destruction, with a design that allows for a short time to meet the needs of military fortifications.

The above description of the prototype can be briefly summarized in the form of the claimed technical solution below.

According to the invention, a container fortification structure, consisting of a frame made of one-piece frame-panel container modules with a pliable bottom, interconnected into one shelter by means of tie bolts into one hermetic shelter, protective and hermetic doors, internal equipment and life support systems.

In this case, in accordance with the proposed formula:

- as a fortification of a container type, a container fortification is meant;

- as one-piece frame-panel modules-containers, interconnected in one hermetic shelter, sea containers are used, interconnected in one hermetic structure;

- linings made of wooden sleepers are used as a pliable bottom of a cellular structure, which make it possible to reduce the impact of blast waves due to the compliance of supports (pads);

- hermetic doors of sea containers are used as protective and hermetic doors;

- a technical standard set is used as internal equipment and life support systems, including, if necessary, a filter and ventilation unit, a heating stove, a source of electricity, lighting and plumbing equipment, etc.

In addition, it differs in that the container fortification is equipped with a blocked slot for entering / exiting the structure from the trench, in which distribution protective screens made from a decommissioned, used railway tank car are additionally installed along the walls and coating. Distribution protective screens allow the structure to be located with a depth, reducing the load from the weight (pressure) of the soil, which can lead to deformation (destruction) of the container and additionally protects the structure from the damaging effects of enemy bombs and mines. An additional difference is the versatility of the structure, which allows its use as a military fortification for various purposes.

The technical result when using the invention lies in the fact that a structure of the required dimensions with increased security and an erection technology are proposed that allow the construction of such a structure, taking into account the requirements for its camouflage. Structural elements make it possible to use them to create various military fortifications (dugouts, shelters, command posts, etc.).

At the same time, labor and material costs are reduced with a minimum construction time.

The technical result is achieved due to the presence of distinctive features, which reduces labor costs during the construction of the structure, increases the ease of installation, increases the bearing capacity and provides reliable protection and operation. At the same time, it becomes possible to quickly erect the required number of fortifications through the use of existing sea containers.

The present invention is illustrated in the drawings, where in Fig. 1 variant of a container firing fortification for firing from a machine gun of FIG. 2 option container fortification, longitudinal section; fig. 3 option container fortification, cross section; fig. 4 version of the container fortification, plan; fig. 5 node for connecting containers with a coupling bolt; fig. 6 container connection unit with a coupling bolt along section 1-1.

For the assembly of the structure are used:

- "Standard container" 20 or 40 feet long;

- "High container" 20 feet long.

Additionally, in figures 1...6 are marked: 1 - container of the main volume of the structure; 2 - distribution protective screen; 3 - soil sprinkling; 4 - dredging bags (filled with soil); 5 - embrasure; 6 - linings (wooden sleepers); 7 - container for equipment of the firing structure; 8 - pit; 9 - stairs; 10 - sealed door; 11 - hatch; 12 - flooring; 13 - mask; 14 - covered gap (entrance-exit to the structure from the trench); 15 - trench; 16 - flooring from a professional sheet from the container; 17 - turf (dressing); 18 - ceiling from the profiled sheet from the container; 19 - coupling bolt.

Construction order.

At the first stage, the purpose of the structure is determined and its project is developed, the landing site of the structure is selected.

At the second stage, a pit (8) is developed, with sod preparation (17), in which, after marking for the installation of containers, linings (6) are installed (at the ends and in the middle of the containers). Containers (1, 7) with a flooring device (12) are mounted on the linings (6), distribution protective screens (2) are installed and soil sprinkling (3) and turfing (17) are performed, while the containers (1, 7) are paired due to the fact that the container of the main volume of the structure (1) is installed normally, and the container for the equipment of the firing structure (7) is placed vertically and adjoins the side, which is greater than the width of the container (1), while the side wall of the container (7) is partially dismantled, while the connection of containers is carried out with the help of tie bolts (19). The part of the container (7) protruding above the ground, for equipping a firing structure or an observation post, is lined with dredging bags (4) on the sides and top, equipped with loopholes (5) and turfed (17). In the rear part of the container (7), a covered slot (14) is equipped with an exit to the covered section of the trench (15), with a cover made of a profiled sheet from the container (18). Masking of the container fortification is carried out by turfing (17), mask (13), and at the stage of construction - by carrying out work in the dark (at night).

At the final stage, the container structure is equipped with a ladder (9) and decking from a corrugated sheet from the container (16), equipped with a hatch (11) and engineering equipment using standard sets in accordance with the purpose of the fortification, including, if necessary, a filter and ventilation unit, a heating stove, a source of electricity, lighting equipment, etc.

Thus, the use of the proposed technology provides an increase in protective properties, stealth from reconnaissance equipment, along with this, the consumption of materials also decreases and the assembly time of the structure is reduced due to easy and fast technological installation.

The proposed technical design solution is aimed at improving the safety of personnel, especially in modern conditions of warfare, as well as reducing labor costs during the construction of the structure, increasing the ease of installation, and increasing the bearing capacity.

Thus, the implementation of a container fortification in conjunction with the features of the claims (the essence of the invention) is new for fortifications and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty".

The above set of distinguishing features is not known at this level of development of technology and does not follow from the well-known rules for the design of military fortifications and their auxiliary equipment, which proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The constructive implementation of the proposed technical solution with the specified set of essential features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, which implies compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Literature:

1. Patent for the invention SU 1197527 dated April 27, 2000, IPC E04H 9/00 - "Quick shelter".

2. Utility model patent RU 2702779 C1 dated October 11, 2019, IPC Е04Н 9/12 - “Method of block-modular construction of structures in pits and buried structures for military infrastructure facilities”.

3. Patent for invention RU 2634320 dated 10/25/2017, IPC Е04Н 9/04, Е04Н 9/16 - "Protective structure of civil defense of block-modular type of full factory readiness".

4. Utility model patent RU 169611 dated March 24, 2017, IPC Е04Н 9/00, Е04В 1/343 - "Transformable field protective structure".

5. Patent for invention RU 2594865 dated 20.08.2016, IPC F41H 3/02 - "Quick-removable transformable container-type fortification module".

6. Utility model to patent RU 61323 dated 01/27/2005, dated 02/27/2007, IPC E04H 1/12, E04H 9/00 "Container type fortification" - prototype.

Claims (1)

Container fortification, consisting of a skeleton made of one-piece frame-panel container modules with a pliable bottom, interconnected into one shelter by means of tie bolts into one hermetic shelter, protective and hermetic doors, internal equipment and life support systems, characterized in that sea containers are used as one-piece frame-panel container modules interconnected into one hermetic shelter, linings made of wooden sleepers were used as a pliable bottom of the cellular structure, which made it possible to reduce the impact of blast waves due to the pliability of the supports, hermetic doors of sea containers were used as protective and hermetic doors, a technical standard set was used as internal equipment and life support systems, including, if necessary, a filter-ventilation unit, a heating furnace, a source of electricity, lighting equipment, while the container fortification structure is additionally equipped along the walls and covering with distribution protective screens made from a decommissioned, used railway tank car, which allow the structure to be located with a depth, reducing the load from the weight / pressure of the soil, which can lead to deformation / destruction of the container, and additionally protecting the structure from the damaging effects of enemy bombs and mines.