RU2797249C2 - Miner combine for salt extraction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the mining industry, namely to combines for salt extraction, in particular for salt extraction in lakes. The invention is a miner combine for salt extraction, which consists of two wheeled platforms, the first of which includes, at least, a control panel for the combine, a diesel generator station, a working body in the form of a drum-type disc cutter placed outside the perimeter of the first platform on a rigid frame and equipped with a lifting and lowering mechanism, and the second platform contains a pick-up elevator located outside the second platform and consisting of a scraper conveyor with submersible buckets, a mechanism for lifting and lowering the pick-up elevator, a clean brine pump with a check valve. The clean brine pump is equipped with suction and pressure pipelines. The salt extraction combine contains a salt washing device. In addition, the central axes of the working body and the pick-up elevator coincide and lie in the same horizontal plane, and the width of the immersion bucket is equal to the width of the salt layer treated by the working body.

EFFECT: increase in the productivity of the combine for salt extraction and losses reduction.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular to harvesters for the extraction of salt, in particular for the extraction of salt in lakes.

From the prior art harvester for the extraction of salt (see author's certificate No. 1809056, IPC E21S 45/00, 04/15/1993), including a working body installed on two platforms, a suction pipeline, a washing bath, a dewatering elevator.

The disadvantage of this design is that when the salt layer is destroyed by the working body, a sufficiently large amount of salt does not enter the suction pipeline for processing and shipment, since the extraction and collection of salt is carried out mechanically.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the productivity of the combine for the extraction of salt and reduce its losses during collection.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the salt mining combine consists of two wheeled platforms, the first of which includes at least a combine harvester control panel, a diesel generator station designed to provide the combine with electricity, a working body in the form of a disk cutter of a drum type, located outside the perimeter of the first platform on a rigid frame and equipped with a lifting and lowering mechanism, and the second platform contains a pick-up elevator located outside the second platform, consisting of a lifting and lowering mechanism for the pick-up elevator, a scraper conveyor with submersible buckets, a clean brine pump with check valve, equipped with suction and pressure pipelines, and a salt washing device, while the central axes of the working body and the pick-up elevator coincide and lie in the same horizontal plane, and the width of the pick-up elevator submersible bucket is equal to the width of the salt layer processed by the working body .

The salt washing device preferably consists of a drum grate, a trough washer and a discharge elevator.

The discharge elevator can be equipped with perforated buckets and discharge and loading pipes, a shower of the discharge elevator sump.

In addition, the trough sink can be equipped with an overflow pocket, a salt sprayer, emergency drain valves and a drain pipe.

The disk cutter of the working body is preferably equipped with radial or tangential cutters (the cutters are spaced along a helical line on both sides of the disk).

It is also recommended to install sensors on the combine to control the depth of lowering of the disc cutter and the pick-up elevator with an accuracy of 1 mm, which additionally eliminates the loss of material during the selection.

An increase in combine productivity is achieved due to the fact that the central axes of the working body and the pick-up elevator coincide and lie in the same horizontal plane, and the capture width of the pick-up elevator submersible bucket is equal to the width of the salt layer processed by the working body, this eliminates losses when the submersible bucket captures the mined working body of salt.

The salt mining combine allows processing the salt layer with full mechanization of all technological and loading processes with minimal loss of the extracted material.

An increase in the productivity of a salt mining harvester can be achieved by increasing the diameter of the disc cutter (preferably up to 1200 mm) and the working depth (preferably up to 900 mm).

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, where

Fig. 1 - General view of the salt harvester, side view,

Fig. 2 - harvester for salt extraction, top view,

Fig. 3 - harvester for salt extraction, end view,

Fig. 4 - salt harvester, end view.

Harvester 1 for the extraction of salt, consists of the first wheeled platform 2, placed on it the body 3 of the diesel generator station with related technological equipment (see Fig. 1). In the body 3 of the diesel generator station, a combine harvester control panel (not shown in the drawings) is also installed, from which all mechanisms of the combine are controlled.

The working body 4 is a disk cutter 5 drum type, placed outside the perimeter of the first platform 2 on a rigid (see Fig. 1, 2) welded frame 6.

The working body 4 is equipped with a mechanism for raising and lowering it and is designed to fix the welded frame 6 of the working body 4 in working positions.

The disk cutter 5 is equipped with radial or tangential cutters, with the cutters located along a helical line on both sides of the disk.

Harvester 1 for salt extraction, also consists of a second wheeled platform 7, on which are placed: a technological car 8, an elevator-pickup 9 designed for picking up salt destroyed by the working body 4 and feeding it to a salt washing device, consisting of drum grate screen 10, for separating pieces of silt from salt, for washing salt with clean brine and transporting salt using a scraper conveyor 11 to a trough sink 12, and then to an export elevator 13.

The pick-up elevator 9 is equipped with submerged buckets located between two traction chains. In this case, the width of each submersible bucket is equal to the width of the salt seam processed by the working body 4. The pick-up elevator 9 is equipped with a lifting and lowering mechanism designed to fix the pick-up elevator 9 in working positions.

The drum grate 10 is designed to separate pieces of silt from salt, to wash salt with clean brine, as well as to disperse salt according to a fineness class of 30 mm and wash salt with a small content of clay and silt inclusions before supplying salt for washing to the trough wash 12.

Scraper conveyor 11 with submerged buckets is a box-shaped prefabricated welded structure of rectangular section made of sheet steel.

The drum grate screen 10 incorporates a welded frame on which a cylindrical screening drum is mounted. The screening drum is installed with a slight inclination on the frame. A bar with a diameter of 12 mm with a pitch of 42 mm is wound onto the longitudinal rods of the drum, which is the grate of the screen.

The trough sink 12 is intended for washing the extracted salt from sludge. The trough sink 12 is equipped with an overflow pocket, a sprinkler for salt washing, emergency drain valves and a drain pipe.

Trough sink 12 is preferably installed at an angle of 5° to the horizon. The inclined position of the trough wash 12 creates a working volume in the lower part, in which the salt is mainly washed.

The shipping elevator 13 is designed for shipping the extracted and washed salt. It is both a transport and shipping device and is used to supply salt to railway cars.

In addition, on the second wheel platform 7 there is a pump 14 for clean brine (see Fig. 4) with a check valve. The pump 14 is equipped with suction and pressure pipelines, with the help of which the clean brine is sucked and transported from the lake to the salt washing device, which consists of a drum grate 10, a trough wash 12 and an unloading elevator 13.

The salt mining combine breaks, collects, rinses, dehydrates and loads the extracted salt into railway wagons. The combine for salt extraction allows working out trenches with a slope angle of the developed ledge - 90°. The distance from the edge of the ledge to the axis of the railway track, along which the combine moves, is at least 2.9 meters.

The combine for the extraction of salt moves along the railway track, laid directly on the salt layer, in the forward direction with the destruction of the salt layer, leaving no inter-trench pillars, and in the opposite direction - with idling.

Parallel to the working track, a loading track is laid along which gondola cars are fed for loading the salt mined by the combine.

The loading track is connected to the fixed tracks on the lake. After working out the trench to the entire depth of the formation, the working and loading paths move parallel to their axis for a distance equal to the width of the working body.

During the operation of the combine for the extraction of salt, its movement is carried out by the mechanism of movement of the combine, which creates the necessary pressure force that ensures the operation of the disk cutter, the drive chain of which is equipped with tangential cutters. The drive of the combine, consisting of three sprockets, a circular link chain and a motor-reducer with a frequency converter, is controlled from the cab using a frequency converter, which allows you to smoothly adjust the speed of the combine. The main drive motor of the harvester for salt extraction is turned on and the torque from the motor shaft is transmitted to the motor-reducer and then to the drive shaft, from which the working body 4 is rotated through the sprockets and the chain. incisors. Then the mechanism for raising and lowering the disc cutter is turned on and transfers the force to the movable frame, which begins to deviate (lower) to the required depth. When the disk cutter 5 reaches the required depth, the drive mechanism for raising and lowering the disk cutter 5 is turned off and the position of the disk cutter 5 is fixed.

The fraction of destroyed salt is 0-50 mm. The cutting speed is 1.6 m/s, the destruction occurs in the brine. The direction of rotation of the cutter 5 is chosen so that the salt is thrown into the trench. The cutters on the disk cutter 5 are arranged along a helical line on both sides and drive the destroyed salt to the center. Thus, the salt destroyed by the disc cutter 5 is completely deposited in the trench.

The destroyed salt from the trench is taken by the elevator-pickup 9 with submerged buckets (see Fig. 4), the width of each of which is equal to the width of the salt layer processed by the working body 4. Then, the destroyed salt is sent to the drum tray of the drum grate 10 for cleaning lumps of silt. The material that got inside such a drum performs a complex rotational-translational movement, passing through the holes of the drum, and is divided into fractions. The fine fraction, falling through the holes of the sieve part, enters the next stage of washing. Large fraction, brine and silt from the drum grate screen 10 is discharged into the lake through the drain chute.

Then, from the drum grate 10, salt with brine is sent by gravity using a scraper conveyor 11. The chain with buckets capture the salt and move along the bottom of the box from the loading pocket to the trough sink 12 for washing, where, due to the rotation of the paddle shafts, intensive mixing of the salt in the washing medium takes place. brine and transporting it to the discharge chute. In the process of mixing and transporting salt under the influence of blades and water, particles of clay, sand and other impurities are soaked, destroyed, separated from the useful product and transferred to a suspended state, forming sludge, which is removed through the drain threshold in the form of contaminated brine.

From the trough wash 12, salt is fed by gravity into the sump of the 13 discharge elevator. brine into the elevator. Then the salt is fed by perforated buckets into the loading pipe, which directs it to the railway gondola cars.

During the operation of the combine for the extraction of salt, the pump 14 of clean brine, through pipelines, clean brine is simultaneously supplied to the drum grate screen 10, to the trough sink 12 and to the sump of the discharge elevator 13. Contaminated brine from all mechanisms is discharged through pipelines into the lake through the drain pipe.

The ratio of solid and liquid phases required for flushing (S:L=1:1÷1:0.5) in the working volume is regulated by shutoff valves. The height of the drain threshold determines the size of the particles leaving the drain.

Claims (5)

1. Harvester for salt mining, consisting of two wheeled platforms, the first of which includes at least a combine harvester control panel, a diesel generator station, a working body in the form of a drum-type disk cutter with radial cutters, located outside the perimeter of the first platform on a rigid frame and equipped with a lifting and lowering mechanism, and the second platform contains a pick-up elevator located outside the second platform, consisting of a pick-up elevator lifting and lowering mechanism, a scraper conveyor with submersible buckets, a clean brine pump with a check valve equipped with suction and pressure pipelines, and a salt washing device, while the central axes of the working body and the pick-up elevator coincide and lie in the same horizontal plane, and the capture width of the pick-up elevator submersible bucket is equal to the width of the salt layer processed by the working body. 2. Harvester for salt extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the salt washing device consists of a drum grate screen, a trough sink and an export elevator. 3. Harvester for salt mining according to claim. 2, characterized in that the shipping elevator is equipped with perforated buckets and shipping and loading pipes, shower sump of the shipping elevator. 4. Harvester for salt extraction according to claim 2, characterized in that the trough washer is equipped with an overflow pocket, a sprinkler for salt washing, an emergency drain valve and a drain pipe. 5. Salt harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk cutter is equipped with tangential cutters.

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