RU2790486C1 - Biodegradable road cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: household chemicals.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to household chemicals, namely to detergent compositions intended for cleaning pavement, building facades, roofs, bridges, fences. Described is a biodegradable detergent that includes a composition of nonionic surfactants and auxiliary components, contains syntanol ALM-7, syntanol ALM-10, neonol AF 9-12 as nonionic surfactants, sodium hydroxide is used as an alkalinity regulator, and sodium hydroxide is used as an alkalinity regulator. complexing agent - disodium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, butyl glycol as a solvent and stabilizer, distilled water is used as the main component.

EFFECT: implementation of the invention provides a high washing and degreasing capacity, low foaming and good washability from the roadway.

1 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention is a mixture of surface-active compounds and auxiliary components intended for cleaning road surfaces, building facades, roofs, bridges, fences, fenders, tunnels, billboards, etc.

To date, for washing road surfaces and facades, mainly alkaline universal detergents are used, which have insufficient efficiency. Such compositions are not able to fully remove complex organic contaminants, and can also negatively affect the adjacent "green zone", cause the destruction of the roadway, steel and concrete elements of structures, etc.

There is an invention RU2219304C1 [1] for cleaning the base of the road surface consisting of a 2-4% detergent solution containing nonionic surfactants and soda ash as an active component. Disadvantage: low washing and degreasing ability; lack of corrosion inhibitors.

There is an invention RU2034913C1 [2] for cleaning the road surface and the surrounding area, containing a biodegradable nonionic surfactant, sodium alkylsulfonate, tributyl phosphate, melamine, urea and/or urotropine as a corrosion inhibitor and hydrochloric acid. Disadvantage: low washing ability; the content of hydrochloric acid negatively affects the road surface.

The invention RU2601306C1 [3] for road surfaces and structures containing a nonionic surfactant is described; cationic surfactant; alkali metal polyphosphate; carbamide (urea); liquid glass; salts of nitrous and nitric acids; polymer component; anti-corrosion additive and water - the rest. Disadvantage: the presence of acids in the composition; negatively affecting the coating and metal structures, low efficiency of the antibacterial component; the presence of a polymer reduces the cleaning power of the working solution.

Patent RU2142499C1 [4] describes a washing, neutralizing and disinfecting composition, intended primarily for washing road surfaces and structures, as well as the territories adjacent to them. The detergent contains: a non-ionic surfactant, a disinfectant agent, which is used as catamine AB (cationic surfactant), alkali metal polyphosphate, urea, water and fragrance - the rest. Disadvantage: the absence of solvents in the composition for effective removal of the oil film; the effectiveness of the antibacterial component is insufficient with a large dilution of the composition.

This technical solution is the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution, therefore it is taken as a prototype.

The problem of the present invention lies in the need to create a biodegradable detergent intended for cleaning, washing and degreasing asphalt, roads, building facades, roofs, bridges, noise barriers, barrier fences, road wheel guards, tunnels, billboards, enclosed spaces, etc. It has good washing and wetting ability. Effectively cleans asphalt from de-icing reagents, oil and oil film.

The technical result consists in providing a high detergent and degreasing ability of the composition.

The invention includes biodegradable components such as nonionic surfactants, alkali metal hydroxide, complexing agent, solvent, stabilizer and water, wt.%:

Component Content, wt.% Sintanol ALM-7 4-6 Sintanol ALM-10 10-14 Neonol AF 9-12 6-9 Butyl glycol 2-6 NaOH 1-3 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt 4-7 Water rest

Sintanol ALM-7 and sintanol ALM-10 are used as nonionic surfactants - these are ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Also used neonol AF 9-12 - ethoxylated nonylphenol. The non-ionic surfactants included in the detergent are distinguished by high detergent properties and reduced foaming.

The disodium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid is used as a complexing agent, its presence plays a key role in the binding of hardness salts (ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Ni3+, etc.). They also prevent the formation of by-product polymeric products with salts of divalent metals, which makes it possible to avoid precipitation during dilution of the product and further storage of the solution.

Additionally, the composition uses butyl glycol as an effective solvent and foam stabilizer. The alkali metal hydroxide in the present invention acts as an alkalinity regulator and detergency enhancer.

The selection of the components of the detergent composition and their concentration provide effective washing of various organic contaminants.

The biodegradability of the mixture components corresponds to 90-95% (GOST 32509-2013) [5], which meets the requirements of domestic and foreign standards of environmental cleanliness of household chemicals.

The pH level was measured according to GOST 22567.5-93 [6]. This indicator corresponds to pH 11.5-12, which meets the requirements of GOST, and is also optimal for this type of detergent.

To achieve the best washing performance, dilutions should be used at the following dilutions: 1:4-1:300 (the degree of dilution depends on the level of soiling and the equipment used). The working solution is distributed over the surface of the road surface by specialized equipment (manual method or the use of high-pressure devices is allowed).

Method of preparation: a calculated amount of water is fed into a container equipped with a stirrer and a heating circuit, after which alkali metal hydroxide is loaded into this container in accordance with the recipe. Disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is added to the hot solution until complete dissolution in the calculated amount. Next, nonionic surfactants are added. At the end of the process, a solvent is added. During the entire preparation, the agitator must ensure complete mixing without stagnant zones.

The implementation of the claimed invention is achieved by the implementation of the specified purpose, which is illustrated by the examples below, confirming the possibility of obtaining the claimed technical result.

Example 1

The ratio of the components of the biodegradable road pavement detergent:

Component Content, wt.% Sintanol ALM-7 5 Sintanol ALM-10 12.8 Neonol AF 9-12 7.2 Butyl glycol 4 NaOH 2 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt 5 Water rest

The result is low foaming, high cleaning and degreasing power. The composition of example 1 fully complies with the recommendations for the use of detergents for cleaning the roadway.

Example 2

The ratio of the components of the biodegradable road pavement detergent:

Component Content, wt.% Sintanol ALM-7 4 Sintanol ALM-10 10 Neonol AF 9-12 6 Butyl glycol 2 NaOH 1 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt 4 Water rest

EFFECT: low foaming, medium detergent and degreasing capacity. The composition of example 2 does not fully comply with the recommendations for the use of detergents for cleaning the roadway.

Example 3

The ratio of the components of the biodegradable road pavement detergent:

Component Content, wt.% Sintanol ALM-7 6 Sintanol ALM-10 14 Neonol AF 9-12 9 Butyl glycol 6 NaOH 3 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt 7 Water rest

EFFECT: medium foaming, good washing and degreasing ability. The composition of example 3 does not fully comply with the recommendations for the use of detergents for cleaning the roadway.

The detergency was evaluated by cleaning the metal surface contaminated with a model mixture that mimics typical road pollutants. The plates are cleaned, degreased with acetone and weighed with an accuracy of 0.0002 g. A contaminant is applied to clean plates with a brush in a uniform layer and left for a day at room temperature. Apply the test product to contaminated plates with a spray gun so that it completely covers the surface of the plate. After 10 minutes exposure with a stream of tap water (temperature 30-40°C) for 1 minute. remove the resulting emulsion. The plates dried for 1 hour at 20°C are weighed again.

Washing capacity (degree of purification) was determined by the formula:

where p0 is the initial weight of the plate, g;

p1 is the mass of the plate with the pollutant, g;

p2 - mass of the plate after washing, g.

Examples Washing capacity, % Experience 1 Experience 2 Experience 3 1 98 98 99 2 86 87 86 3 97 99 97

The claimed technical result was confirmed during field tests on the roadway, while high detergent and degreasing properties with low foaming were noted. The possibility of a wide range of dilution of the concentrate also allows you to create competitive products with an optimal price / quality ratio. The composition is non-toxic to humans, animals and plants, has a high level of biodegradability, thereby reducing the negative impact on the environment and water bodies.

Information sources

1. U2219304C1, IPC: E01H 15/00, publ. 12/20/2003.

2. RU2034913C1, IPC: C11D 1/83. publ. May 10, 1995.

3. RU2601306C1, IPC C11D1/835 C11D3/06 C11D3/32 C11D3/08 C11D3/37 C11D3/26. publ. 11/10/2016.

4. RU2142499C1, IPC C11D 1/72, C11D 3/48. publ. 12/10/1999.

5. GOST 32509-2013 Surfactants. Method for determining biodegradability in the aquatic environment. Date of introduction 01.01.2015.

6. GOST 22567.5-93 Synthetic detergents and surfactants. Methods for determining the concentration of hydrogen ions. Date of introduction: 01/01/1996.

Claims (8)

Biodegradable detergent for cleaning the road surface, including a composition of non-ionic surfactants (surfactants) and auxiliary components, as non-ionic surfactants contains sintanol ALM-7, sintanol ALM-10, neonol AF 9-12, sodium hydroxide is used as an alkalinity regulator , as a complexing agent - disodium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, as a solvent and stabilizer - butyl glycol, and also contains water, wt.%: sintanol ALM-7 - 4-6; sintanol ALM-10 - 10-14; neonol AF 9-12 - 6-9; butyl glycol - 2-6; NaOH - 1-3; disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid - 4-7; water is the rest.