RU2306330C1 - Cleansing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleansers.

SUBSTANCE: cleansing agent contains, % by volume: butyl cellosolve as organic solvent, 1-16; N-methylpyrrolidone as anionic surfactant, 1-10; synthanol or neonol as nonionic surfactant, 1-20; sodium hydroxide, 1-9 (on conversion to active substance); Trilon B, 0.4-0.6; thimol phthaleine, 0.04-0.06; and drinking water, the balance.

EFFECT: enhanced detergent power (especially when reused), enhanced efficiency of washing out at low temperatures (45-55°C), and widened range of washable pollutions.

2 cl, 6 ex

Description

The invention relates to the detergent industry.

Known cleaning agent containing anionic surfactants such as sulfonate and / or sulfate and water, and the components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%: Amorphous alkali metal silicate 15-80, anionic surfactants 0.5-30, water - the rest, while the molar ratio of M ₂ O (where M is an alkali metal) and SiO ₂ in silicate is 1: 1.5-1: 3.3. The composition can be treated with liquid components, which are components of detergents or detergents, in particular non-ionic surfactants. (one)

The disadvantages of this cleaning agent are low washing ability, especially when reused, and reuse is impossible without separation of the water and carbon layers using bulky sumps and flotators, as well as a short shelf life due to the active change in chemical and physical properties (caking) over time , the complexity of the manufacturing process.

Also known is a cleaning agent containing, in wt.%: Anionic surfactant 5-18, nonionic surfactant 2-7, sodium tripolyphosphate 10-30, water glass 1-8, optical brightener 0.1-0.5 , a fragrance of 0.1-0.5, a copolymer of methacrylic acid and butyl methacrylate with neutralized ammonia carboxyl groups of 0.5-5.0, inorganic and organic additives, including sodium perborate, sodium sulfate, soda ash and carboxymethyl cellulose 25-30, water - up to 100. (2)

The disadvantage of this cleaning agent is also its low washing ability, especially when reused, as it dissolves well in petroleum products: from 3-5% in light fuels and up to 20% or more in fuel oils. Moreover, in an aqueous medium, with its sufficient alkalinity, up to 10% of hydrocarbons and their derivatives can remain in a stable emulsified state. In addition, its disadvantage is the short shelf life due to the active change in chemical and physical properties (caking) over time, the safety of products being cleaned is not ensured. The range of application (materials being cleaned) is limited.

In general, well-known products (traditionally used in aqueous solutions) form stable stable emulsions of hydrocarbons and water, which are difficult to separate by conventional methods, therefore, they act on the principle of dissolving the hydrocarbon in themselves, and the processing efficiency is achieved by increasing the time, surface treatment temperature and alkalinity of the solutions. However, all the parameters listed above have their own limits, and an increase in these characteristics leads to a continuous increase in energy consumption, not to mention other negative aspects (worsening working conditions of workers, increased harmful load on the environment).

An object of the invention is to provide an effective cleaning agent and expanding the range of cleaning products.

The technical result, which provides a solution to the problem, is that the washing ability is increased, especially when reused, due to the ability to separate the washed liquid hydrocarbon with a low water content, high washing efficiency is ensured at relatively low temperatures (45-55 ° C) , the range of effectively washed away contaminants has been expanded, the safety of products subjected to cleaning has been ensured, the shelf life has been increased, during which there is no active change in chemical and physical oystv means.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the cleaning agent contains anionic and nonionic surfactants, an organic solvent, sodium hydroxide, Trilon B, a dye and water, and it contains butyl cellosolve as an organic solvent, thymolphthalein as a dye, and an anionic surfactant -active substance - N-methylpyrrolidone, and as a nonionic surfactant - one substance from the group comprising syntanol and neonol, with the following volume content of dients:

N-methylpyrrolidone 1-10%; syntanol or neonol 1-20%; butyl cellosolve 1-16%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 1-9%; Trilon B 0.4-0.6%; thymolphthalein 0.04-0.06%; drinking water rest.

Mainly as a nonionic surfactant is one substance from the group consisting of syntanol ALM-10 and neonol AF9-12.

The properties of the inventive cleaning agent are determined by the ingredients that make up its composition.

As an anionic surfactant, N-methylpyrrolidone is included in the composition of the agent. Chemical formula C ₅ H ₉ NO, molecular weight 99.134. N-methylpyrrolidone is a highly selective solvent and is a colorless transparent liquid soluble in water and all kinds of organic solvents. N-methylpyrrolidone belongs to the 4th hazard class (MPC 100 mg / m ³ ), is characterized by good thermal stability, corrosion non-aggressive and can be regenerated by available methods. It is made according to TU 6-02-1049-76.

As a non-ionic surfactant wetting detergent, the product may include ALM-10 syntanol. Appearance at (20 ± 5) ° С - paste from white to slightly yellowish. The color of the melt (iodine scale), mg J ₂ / 100cm ³ , not more than 6. The activity index of hydrogen ions (pH) of an aqueous solution of the drug with a mass fraction of the main substance of 10% is in the range of 6.0-9.0. The cloud point of the aqueous solution of the drug with a mass fraction of the main substance of 1%, in the range 84-92 ° C. Mass fraction of polyethylene glycols,%, not more than 4.0. It is made according to TU 6-14-864-88. As a washing nonionic surfactant wetting agent, the product may include Neonol AF 9-12, an ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers, which is a highly effective nonionic surfactant. It is made according to TU 2483-077-05766801-98.

As an organic solvent, ensuring the compatibility of the components used, the composition of the product includes butyl cellosolve, a simple ethylene glycol monoester, having the formula: C ₄ H ₉ OCH ₂ CH ₂ OH. Effective as a solvent for cellulose ethers (mainly nitro and cellulose acetate). It is made according to TU 6-01-646-84. As a complexing agent, which also ensures the compatibility of the components used, the agent includes the ionic coagulant Trilon B. Chemical formula: C ₁₀ H ₁₄ N ₂ Na ₂ O ₈ · 2H ₂ 0 (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt). Appearance: white crystalline powder. Its action is based on the "extraction" of metal ions (and regardless of the valency of the metal) from insoluble metal salts and their replacement with sodium ions, almost all of whose salts are soluble in water. 1 molecule of Trilon B reacts with 1 metal molecule. Trilon B is not an oxidizing agent and does not interact with metals (which are in the zero oxidation state). Trilon B does not react with plastics and rubber and does not change the pH of the medium. It is made according to TU 113-04-260-87 or according to TU 2484-055-05015207-98.

As a dye, thymolphthalein is included in the composition, the color is blue; pH 9.4-10.6. It is made according to TU 6-09-07-1610-87.

In addition, the composition of the product includes sodium hydroxide (caustic soda, caustic soda) - alkali, the chemical formula of NaOH, colorless crystals according to TU 6-01-1306-85, which enhances the washing action, and drinking water according to GOST R 51593-2000.

The above components provide the proposed cleaning product with high cleaning, washing, bleaching and disinfecting properties. The cleaning ability of the proposed tool is determined by the method of OST 6-15-1662-90. The method is based on the gravimetric determination of the mass of removed artificial pollution for a certain time.

When washing surfaces from various types of contaminants, the fact is used that due to the small surface tension of this product, it is possible to penetrate between the pollution layer and the surface being washed, creating a wedging effect.

The combination of the ingredients of this product provides a fairly complete separation of the aqueous and carbon media after 10-20 minutes without adding any reagents that accelerate coagulation. It is very important that after separation of the layers, coagulants and flocculants are not removed with the hydrocarbon layer, but remain in the aqueous solution, maintaining their effectiveness. This circumstance allows you to send the purified product not to regeneration or discharge, but to recycling, for further (re) use.

An essential feature of this product is that the mutual solubility of petroleum products or oils of animal origin and this product is not large, which reduces the solubility of water in oils and petroleum products to a concentration of 1.5%, which satisfies the requirement for water cut of liquid fuels and allows you to send the separated oil layer for sale, bypassing the stage of its dehydration by prolonged heating and sedimentation. The solubility in the aqueous solution of fuel oil is not more than 2.5 mg / l, and light fuels are not more than 20 mg / l, for this reason the total oil content in solutions where there are no emulsified hydrocarbons does not exceed 15-20 mg / l . Such a low equilibrium concentration ensures complete and timely separation of the washed oil products and maintains a high efficiency of the washing solution after separation. Regularly removing from the surface of the washing solution the selected low-water liquid hydrocarbon and using it for its intended purpose, there is the possibility of a drainless, recirculating surface treatment mode, in which the washing solution only needs to be replenished with water and adjusted by adding funds.

These qualities were well confirmed when washing the inner surfaces of railway tanks from transported petroleum products, and in the food and food processing industry - when cleaning equipment, microwave ovens from proteins, fats, vegetable oils.

The properties of the proposed product are not lost over time (unlike detergents in the form of a powder - they cake for a short period of time, losing their washing ability), and if the concentrate freezes, the product restores its washing ability after defrosting.

A unique quality of the claimed agent is its inhibitory properties, which consist in the fact that the film remaining after surface treatment with an aqueous solution of the agent has anticorrosive ability, which eliminates the operation for additional interoperative protection of the washed surfaces.

The technology for obtaining a cleaning agent includes the preparation of raw materials, dosing it in a reactor-mixer in a certain order, dissolving the components and homogenizing, packaging.

The raw materials are mixed in a mixer reactor equipped with a stirrer.

The loading order of the cleaning agent components affects viscosity and consistency.

Example 1

In a reactor equipped with a stirrer, the components are loaded in a certain sequence and stirring at 18-25 ° C until a homogeneous mass (vol.%) Is obtained:

N-methylpyrrolidone one%; syntanol ALM-10 twenty%; butyl cellosolve 8%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 4.5%; Trilon B 0.5%; thymolphthalein 0.04%; drinking water rest.

When applying, it is necessary to dissolve 50-100 ml of the product in 1 liter of warm water and apply it evenly on the treated surface or immerse the processed objects in the solution. Severe dirt can be soaked with undiluted product. After 3-30 minutes, the item is rinsed abundantly with water using mechanical (brush) or hydraulic action (especially when processing industrial equipment). The cleaning ability of this composition is 90-92%.

Example 2

Analogously to example 1, the components are mixed

N-methylpyrrolidone 10%; Neonol AF 9-12 8%; butyl cellosolve fifteen%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) one%; Trilon B 0.4%; thymolphthalein 0.06%; drinking water rest.

When used, the product is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 5 ... 1:20, depending on the type and amount of contamination. The use of hot water significantly increases the efficiency of use of the product. The solution is applied to the surface to be cleaned using a brush or by immersion or using low or high pressure equipment. The cleaning object is kept for 5-15 minutes, then washed with water using a brush or high pressure equipment. The cleaning ability is 85-90%.

Example 3

Analogously to example 1 is mixed

N-methylpyrrolidone 5%; syntanol ALM-10 12%; butyl cellosolve 1.2%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 8.7%; Trilon B 0.5%; thymolphthalein 0.05%; drinking water rest.

The concentration of the working solution varies from 2% to 15%, depending on the specific conditions of contamination. The use of hot water of 50 ° C significantly increases the effectiveness of the product. The solution is applied to the surface to be cleaned using a brush or by immersion or using low or high pressure equipment. The cleaning object is kept for 10-20 minutes, then washed with water, preferably using high pressure equipment. The cleaning ability is 85-90%.

Example 4

Analogously to example 1 is mixed

N-methylpyrrolidone four%; Neonol AF 9-12 18.5%; butyl cellosolve 6%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 5%; Trilon B 0.6%; thymolphthalein 0.04%; drinking water rest.

The cleaning ability is 90-95%.

Example 5

Analogously to example 1 is mixed

N-methylpyrrolidone 7%; Neonol AF 9-12 1.6%; butyl cellosolve 1.2%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 1-9%; Trilon B 0.5%; thymolphthalein 0.05%; drinking water rest.

The cleaning ability of the composition is 85-89%.

Example 6

Analogously to example 1 is mixed

N-methylpyrrolidone 8%; syntanol ALM-10 1.3%; butyl cellosolve 16%; caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) one%; Trilon B 0.5%; thymolphthalein 0.05%; drinking water rest.

The cleaning ability of the composition is 90-92%.

Tests have shown that the cleaning ability of the proposed cleaning agent both in domestic and industrial use is superior to analogues. The new detergent exceeds the known detergent by 10-20% with 34-36% of the removed pollution against 30.0% for the known; as well as antiresorption ability by 10%.

Accelerated storage tests confirmed the reliability of chemical and physical properties for 12 months.

The product effectively launders heavy contamination of petroleum products, for example, coked oil from the crankcase, fuel oil, etc., as well as from the parts in preparation for plating (including automobiles), various high-pressure equipment, with caution - food and other organic pollutants with clothes, shoes.

Thus, an effective cleaning agent has been created and the range of cleaning products has been expanded.

At the same time, the washing ability is increased, especially when reused, due to the ability to separate the washed liquid hydrocarbon with a low water content, high washing efficiency is ensured at relatively low temperatures (45-55 ° C), the range of effectively washed away contaminants is expanded, the safety of products is ensured, subjected to cleaning, the shelf life is increased, during which there is no active change in the chemical and physical properties of the product over time.

Information sources

1. RU No. 2168542.

2. SU No. 1509398 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A cleaning agent containing anionic and nonionic surfactants, an organic solvent, sodium hydroxide, Trilon B, a dye and water, and it contains butyl cellosolve as an organic solvent, thymolphthalein as a dye, and an anionic surfactant as N-methylpyrrolidone, and as a nonionic surfactant, one substance from the group comprising syntanol and neonol, with the following ingredients, vol.%: N-methylpyrrolidone 1-10 syntanol or neonol 1-20 butyl cellosolve 1-16 caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 1-9 Trilon B 0.4-0.6 thymolphthalein 0.04-0.06 drinking water rest. 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, as a nonionic surfactant, it contains one substance from the group comprising syntanol ALM-10 and neonol AF 9-12.