RU2752674C1 - Cleaning substance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning products.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning compositions with efficiency of detergents containing alkali and safety typical of neutral washing agents. The cleaning substance contains: sodium salt of 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate 1-10 weight percentage; oxyethylated fatty alcohol C12-C14 (ethylene oxide 2-10 moles) - 1-10 weight percentage; chelating component-tetranatrium glutamate diacetate 0.1-3 weight percentage, co-solvents-saturated polyoxyethylated glycerol ester 1-10 weight percentage, ethylene glycol butyl ether-0.3-6 weight percentage, isopropanol-1-10 weight percentage, ethanolamine-0.1-3 weight percentage, drinking water being the rest.

EFFECT: composition of the cleaning agent makes it possible to increase efficiency with high safety in use and minimal impact on the environment, eliminate heavy pollution, maintain efficiency even when diluting the composition with water to minimum concentrations, and also has biodegradability.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to cleaning compositions with the effectiveness of cleaners containing alkalis and the safety of neutral detergent compositions.

Known cleaning agent containing anionic surfactant - N-methylpyrrolidone 1-10%, nonionic surfactant - synthanol or neonol 1-20, organic solvent - butyl cellosolve - 1-16%, caustic soda (in terms of pure active substance) 1-9%, Trilon B - 0.4-0.6%, thymolphthalein 0.04-0.06%, drinking water - the rest (patent RU 2306330 C1).

The main disadvantage of this cleaning agent is the presence of a large amount of alkali, which immediately limits the scope of application and reduces the safety of its use. In addition, N-methylpyrrolidone is essentially a polar aprotic solvent, has reproductive toxicity, and is prohibited from being drained into the sewer.

It is also known a cleaning agent containing an effective biodegradable chelating agent. (US 6573230 B1 03.06.2003) The aim of the invention was to provide a composition containing short-chain amphiphiles and improved preservatives.

A known composition for cleaning glass without stripes, containing, in terms of weight, from about 0.1 to about 1% of ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, from about 0.01 to about 0.5% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants -active substances, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, from about 0.1 to about 7% organic co-solvent, including a mixture of low-boiling organic co-solvent having a boiling point less than about 115 ° C, and a high boiling point organic cosolvent having a boiling point of 120 ° to about 230 ° C, 0 to about 2% of a builder, and water, said composition having a pH of about 3.5 to about 11.5 to ensure no strips composition for cleaning glass (US 5750482 A 05/12/1998).

In both cases, highly specialized tasks are posed and solved: compositions and ratios are selected to improve the shelf life of the concentrate and the absence of "streaks" on glass surfaces without taking into account the degree of contamination. The compositions are completely absent, or outdated complexing substances are used that reduce the cleaning ability, preservatives are introduced, which does not impart environmental friendliness to the compositions.

In our proposed composition, isopropanol, which has biocidal properties, and ethanolamine, which increases the pH and reduces the activity of microorganisms, make it possible to abandon the use of preservatives. Testing the concentrate of the proposed agent in the present invention on glass surfaces without subsequent rinsing with water showed no visible stains.

Also known is a hard surface cleaner containing ethoxylated alkoxylated non-ionic surfactants. The purpose of the invention is a cleaning composition containing ethoxylated and alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, which, when used, improves the gloss of hard surfaces, improves cleaning time and reduces the "slipperiness" of the surface when cleaning floors. (CA 2961788 A1 05/06/2006).

However, the disadvantage of this development is:

- Hard surfaces are not cleaned from complex oily and soot contaminants, the removal of which is traditionally possible only with the use of alkalis;

- most of the components are not biodegradable.

The chelating component is ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (DTPMP), an obsolete complexing agent with a number of disadvantages, or 2Na ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (2Na-EDTA). And as the most preferred, L-glutamic acid is proposed in a mixture with N, N-diacetic acid, (the first generation of GLDA developments)

Also known is a technical detergent containing sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, soda ash, oxalic acid, technical borax and diproxamine, glycerin, sodium pyrophosphate, sintanol, casein glue and sodium sulfate 10-water (Patent RU 2448155 C1). The product has a reduced corrosion rate and versatility (it can be used as a first aid for external injuries). However, the cleaning properties of the product are not large enough, in addition, the composition contains a large amount of phosphates, which, when released into wastewater, causes waterlogging of reservoirs.

EP 3263682 A1, 03.01.2018 - Composition for cleaning a hard surface.

The composition is a liquid agent with improved grease removal and low foaming, and the composition of surfactants includes:

a) ethoxylated nonionic surfactant;

b) an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of: alkyl sulfate, sulfonic acid or sulfonate surfactant and mixtures thereof; and

c) an auxiliary surfactant selected from the group consisting of: an amine oxide surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant and mixtures thereof, in which:

the weight ratio of said anionic surfactant to said additional surfactant is greater than 2.75;

the weight ratio of said anionic surfactant to said nonionic surfactant is from 0.15 to 1.0;

the composition has a pH of 7.0 to 12.0; and the composition does not contain enzymes.

The composition focuses on the weight content of surfactants.

The disadvantage of this patent is that, to solve the problem posed, “caustic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and / or lithium hydroxide, and / or alkali metal oxides with a typical content by weight from the total composition from 0.01% to 5.0% ... ". As anionic surfactants, it is proposed to use salts of sulfates or sulfonates, which have long been criticized for their aggressive effect on human skin. Thus, the area of application of the product is limited to alkali-resistant surfaces. Reinforced personal protective equipment required when in use.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the cleaning ability, to expand the types of treated surfaces made of various materials without the risk of damage to them, to maintain efficiency even when diluted with water to minimal concentrations, to ensure harmlessness and increase ease of use.

The technical result of the claimed composition is the creation of an effective cleaning agent with high safety in use and minimal impact on the environment, for removing complex contaminants of oil, soot, soil and other origin, maintaining efficiency when diluted with water even to minimal concentrations, ensuring biodegradability.

To implement the specified technical result, the cleaning agent has the following composition of ingredients in certain quantities. Namely, a liquid cleaning agent containing a water-soluble anionic surfactant contains a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexyl sulphosuccinate - 1-10 wt. %, water-soluble nonionic surfactant - oxyethylated fatty alcohol С12-С14 - 1-10 wt. %, the chelating agent is tetrasodium glutamate diacetate 0.1-3 wt. %, co-solvents - saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin 1-10 wt. %, ethylene glycol butyl ether - 0.3-6 wt. %, isopropanol - 1-10 wt. %, ethanolamine - 0.1-3 wt. %, drinking water - the rest.

The claimed composition exhibits these properties only in the claimed combination of ingredients in the claimed concentrations, due to the synergistic action of all the components included in the composition.

In industry and in everyday life, there is often a need to clean heavily contaminated surfaces with oils, soil deposits, soot, soot, etc. Usually, mixtures of surfactants, complexing agents and alkalis are used to remove such contaminants. This requires increased security when using such tools. The list of surfaces that are resistant to this kind of impact is very limited. Difficulties arise in the disposal of waste solutions and the impact on the environment, as well as the negative impact on the skin of the hands and respiratory tract, the person using these cleaning products.

In the present invention, for the implementation of the technical result, we completely exclude the use and addition of alkali in its composition. In this case, tetrasodium glutamate diacetate is used as a chelating component. It is the newest, most environmentally friendly and durable chelate. The main active ingredients of the composition are a synergistic mixture of two anionic surfactants - sodium salt of 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate, nonionic - oxyethylated fatty alcohol С12-С14 (ethylene oxide 2-10 moles). Both substances are completely biodegradable and safe to use. In addition, co-solvents are added to the composition - a saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin - a highly effective additive that significantly accelerates the removal of stains from the surface, effective even at low temperatures, ethylene glycol butyl ether and isopropanol. Ethanolamine is used as an alkalizing component.

Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (aka: 2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt) - food additive E-480.

Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is a hard white wax, or a fine powder, with a bitter soapy taste and a pronounced octanol odor.

Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is used in the food industry as a technical auxiliary in the production of sugar, and also as a stabilizing wetting agent for the manufacture of hydrocolloidal powders. Additive E-480 is used to facilitate the dissolution of substances in chilled water. Additive E-480 is used as an agent that improves the affinity of granulates to aqueous media, as a dispersant and solubilizer for fats and oils, as a softener of food film coatings. In medicine, E-480 is used in the form of laxatives.

In general, E-480 (sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate) is a stabilizer from a group of additives, the main purpose of which is to form and maintain the consistency, texture and shape of food products.

A water-glycol solution of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate was prepared for use in the cleaning agent. Hence the need to use butyl cellosolve.

A water-glycol solution of 2-ethylhexyl sulphosuccinate is an anionic surfactant. However, the solution itself is not highly effective, retaining the properties described above.

Synergistic enhancement, and very effective, is achieved by the addition of a nonionic surfactant. The optimal ratio when using 70% water-glycol solution of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate with ~ 90% abs. wt. nonionic surfactant - 1: 1.

As nonionic surfactants, ethoxylated branched alcohols Gerbe CU with a degree of ethoxylation 7EO, ethoxylated saturated isotridecanol 8EO, ethoxylated fatty alcohol C12-C14 (ethylene oxide 2-10 mol) were used. The obtained comparative results showed approximately the same effectiveness. In the final version, the surfactant with the longest, unbranched chain was selected as the most effective for use in a cleaner for complex, complex contaminants.

In order to enhance the cleaning ability, a complexing agent tetrasodium glutamate diacetate was introduced into the composition - the most environmentally friendly and durable chelate, an additive that, in addition to removing hardness salt ions, prevents the deactivation of the anionic surfactant by metal ions.

In general, even this composition in an aqueous solution emulsified fats and oils well, however, when removing old deposits on the test samples, it was not possible to obtain the desired result. An increase in pH is required. In standard situations, the formulation is fortified with the addition of alkaline earth metal hydroxides. The disadvantage of this solution is the high aggressiveness of the product, corrosive effect on the treated surface, caution in use.

The activity of hydrogen ions can be increased by ammonia or its derivatives. In this recipe, it was decided to use an alkaline agent - ethanolamine. It does not smell as strong as ammonia. A pH level of ~ 10-10.5 was found to be sufficient.

Polyoxyethylated glycerin saturated ester - additive for removing stains in laundry detergents and fabric stain removers. This component is compatible with anionic and nonionic surfactants. It was decided to introduce from 1 to 10% in the composition of the developed tool. This made it possible to effectively remove on test samples from hard surfaces polymerized spots of vegetable oils that were exposed to temperature (~ 250 ° C)

The developed tool is supposed to be used as a cleaner for glass and mirror surfaces. And in the case of incomplete rinsing of the solution from the treated surface, streaks may form. In order to improve the cleaning of glass surfaces, as well as to increase the bactericidal properties, isopropanol is introduced into the composition. Inspection on glass surfaces of the samples after application and drying of the concentrate of the created cleaning agent showed no visible streaks.

The components discussed above, by themselves, presumably cannot give a high cleaning efficiency. One of the main ingredients in this recipe is a food additive. Another is a fabric stain remover.

As a result, we got a highly concentrated cleaner for removing old oil, soil, soot contaminants (even those that have been subjected to thermal effects). Washes away "adhesive tape" and stickers. Removes stubborn "rubber" marks from polymer floors. Suitable for cleaning glazing. Does not leave streaks. Effective even when diluted with water to a concentration of 0.5% (1: 200). With increasing concentration, as well as the temperature of the solution, the cleaning ability increases. At the same time, the concentrate of the product is safe for humans and the environment and is comparable to household chemicals. The composition is completely biodegradable, non-flammable, explosion-proof and fireproof.

The present invention achieves a cleaning performance comparable to (and in some cases superior) to typical alkaline formulations. At the same time, the agent can be used for a wide range of processed surfaces made of different materials without the risk of damage.

The product remains effective when diluted with water to minimum concentrations. The composition is harmless and convenient to use, and safe for the environment. Fully biodegradable.

During the development of the composition, various% ratios by weight were tested. The components have shown good compatibility at various concentrations. The first component in the preparation of the concentrate was tetrasodium glutamate diacetate. The minimum concentration is 0.1. The introduction of more than 3% turned out to be inappropriate, since no increase in the action was observed. Next, a nonionic surfactant was introduced. After complete dissolution, a previously prepared 70% water-glycol solution of 2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate was introduced. All samples adhered to a 1: 1 ratio of nonionic and anionic surfactants. Changing the ratios worsened the characteristics of the final product.

Maximum concentrations up to 10% gave a very viscous product, not convenient for end use. The average value of the range specified in the invention was found to be optimal. After complete dissolution of surfactants, in some cases (at increased concentrations), additional introduction of ethylene glycol butyl ether was required to obtain a completely transparent composition in% ratio specified in the invention.

To increase the level of activity of hydrogen ions, ethanolamine (monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, possibly the introduction of aminomethylpropanol) was added until a pH level of 10.0-10.5 was obtained.

In the next step, isopropanol was added at the concentration indicated above.

The last component was a saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin. In the specified formulation, an increase in the concentration of this substance accelerates the time for cleaning old stains of vegetable fats from the treated surfaces and is determined by economic feasibility.

Testing of the resulting concentrate showed efficacy at the following concentrations when diluted with water:

- washing and cleaning stoves (grills) with contamination from strong thermal effects (cleaning from soot, burnt fat) - 50% wt .;

- washing and cleaning gas, electric stoves, microwave - 30% wt .;

- washing and cleaning refrigerators, other technical and technological equipment for use in everyday life, in the food industry and at public catering establishments - 5% by weight;

- home care (floor of any quality, walls, furniture surfaces, any waterproof household items) - 1% wt .;

- glass washing - 0.5% wt.

In accordance with GOST 32478-2013, the washing capacity of cleaning agents for various types of surfaces used in the form of solutions,%, must be at least 80%.

The cleaning ability of the developed cleaning agent was tested according to the OST method 6-15-1662-90 Household cleaning products. Determination of washing ability.

Below is a comparative table of the cleaning ability of the claimed composition and several cleaners from different manufacturers:

As can be seen from the table, agents with an alkali content gave a comparable or less result, which indicates the effectiveness of the claimed composition.

Examples of specific formulations obtained

Example 1.

During the production process, the following composition was prepared. For this, the sodium salt of 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate - 1 wt. %, water-soluble nonionic surfactant - oxyethylated fatty alcohol С12-С14 - 1 wt. %, chelating agent - tetrasodium glutamate diacetate 0.1 wt. %, co-solvents - saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin 1 wt. %, ethylene glycol butyl ether - 0.3 wt. %, isopropanol - 1 wt. %, ethanolamine - 0.1 wt. %, drinking water - the rest. The resulting mixture was tested on various surfaces with varying degrees of contamination. The obtained results in terms of cleaning ability exceeded the known typical formulations with alkali content.

Example 2.

During the production process, the following composition was prepared. For this, the sodium salt of 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate - 10 wt. %, water-soluble nonionic surfactant - oxyethylated fatty alcohol С12-С14 - 10 wt. %, chelating agent - tetrasodium glutamate diacetate 3 wt. %, co-solvents - saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin 10 wt. %, ethylene glycol butyl ether - 6 wt. %, isopropanol - 10 wt. %, ethanolamine - 3 wt. %, drinking water - the rest. The resulting mixture was tested on various surfaces with varying degrees of contamination. The obtained results in terms of cleaning ability exceeded the known typical formulations with alkali content.

Claims (1)

Liquid cleaning agent containing an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, characterized in that, as a water-soluble anionic surfactant, it contains sodium salt of 2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate - 1-10 wt%, a water-soluble nonionic surfactant - oxyethylated fatty alcohol С12-С14 - 1-10 wt%, chelating agent - tetrasodium glutamate diacetate 0.1-3 wt%, co-solvents - saturated ester of polyoxyethylated glycerin 1-10 wt%, butyl ethylene glycol ether - 0.3 -6 wt.%, Isopropanol - 1-10 wt.%, Ethanolamine - 0.1-3 wt.%, Drinking water - the rest.