RU2785025C1 - Closed loop combined air motor system with external heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a system of a combined closed circuit pneumatic motor with an external heat source. The system includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with a system of intake and exhaust manifolds 2 and 3 with a valve mechanism, as well as an air compressor piston unit driven by the air motor 1 assemblies, including an inlet assembly 4 and a 5 release of the working environment. Unit 5 is connected via the first circuit of the pipeline to the combustion chamber 8 of an external heat source, including a tank 10 with a secondary coolant, an external energy source 11. The outlet pipe 12 of the chamber 8 is connected via a pipeline to the manifold 2 of the air motor 1 for transferring the working medium heated to the operating temperature. The collector 3 is connected to the assembly 4 along the second circuit of the pipeline. The pipeline on its way passes through the air heat exchanger 6, where the working medium is cooled.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the air motor, increasing its efficiency and torque.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pneumatic motors powered by compressed air/gas, which can be used as a replacement for electric motors to drive various machines and mechanisms, as well as a replacement for internal combustion engines to drive vehicles, ships, etc. .

Various designs of pneumatic motors are known from the prior art, including a stator with a rotor eccentrically mounted in it, in the radial grooves of which the blades are located with the possibility of their movement in planes passing through the axis of the rotor, contacting their ends with the inner cylindrical surface of the stator, see, for example, SU 1698459 A1, 12/15/1991 or SU 1165804 A, 07/07/1985, or SU 1188336 A, 10/30/1985, or DE 29811693 U1, 10/08/1998.

However, these air motors are inefficient, since they require a source of compressed air with a high pressure, which leads to an increased consumption of it, and also, in order to obtain more torque at the output, large overall dimensions of the motor are required, since only one blade is actually involved in the transmission of torque, and , therefore, the larger the working area of the blade, the greater the torque transmitted by the engine. In addition, the manufacturing technology of these engines is very complex, since high precision is required in the manufacture of a rotor with grooves in which the blades must move with minimal tolerances. The efficiency of these engines is also reduced due to the high friction of the blade walls in the rotor slots, as well as due to the friction of their end edges against the inner surface of the stator.

As the closest analogue (prototype) for the claimed system of a combined pneumatic motor, you can take a pneumatic motor according to patent RU 2520768 C2, 06/27/2014, including a stator with an internal cylindrical surface, with flanges located at its ends with at least one inlet a hole communicated with a source of compressed air and with at least one outlet, a rotor eccentrically mounted inside the stator, made in the form of a cylinder with at least two axial holes oriented along its axis and passing along the periphery of the mentioned cylinder, with in this case, each of these axial holes communicates with the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor by means of a longitudinal groove or at least one docking hole designed for sequential docking with the said inlet and outlet holes of the stator, and the said axial holes are made blind on both sides.

This device also has significant disadvantages in the form of the need to use a source of compressed air with high pressure, and also, in order to obtain a greater output torque, large overall dimensions of the engine are also required. In addition, the system has a low efficiency.

The purpose of the claimed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of known air motor systems.

The proposed invention is based on the task of modernizing the design of the air motor operation system, eliminating the known disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the air motor, increase its efficiency and torque.

This result is achieved by the fact that the system of a combined air motor of a closed circuit with an external heat source includes an air motor combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as piston block of the air compressor, driven by the air motor units, including the inlet unit and the outlet unit of the working medium, while,

the exhaust unit is connected via the first circuit of the pipeline to the combustion chamber of an external heat source, including a tank with a secondary coolant, an external energy source, and the outlet pipe of the combustion chamber of the external heat source is connected via a pipeline to the inlet manifold of the air motor to transfer the working medium heated to the operating temperature,

the exhaust manifold is connected to the compressor inlet unit along the second circuit of the pipeline, while the pipeline on its way additionally passes through an air heat exchanger, where the working medium is cooled.

The closed circuit combined air motor system additionally includes an intermediate heat exchanger, through which both pipeline circuits pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the primary circuit and cooling of the working medium of the second circuit.

The output shaft of the combined air motor at the outlet of the housing contains a sealing unit.

The air motor combined with the compressor in one housing includes a generator and / or a hydraulic motor.

Next, the operating principle of the device will be described with reference to the accompanying diagram of FIG. 1, which depicts a preferred closed loop combined air motor system with an external heat source, where

1 - combined air motor of a closed circuit with a compressor;

2- intake manifold;

3- exhaust manifold;

4- compressor inlet unit;

5- compressor outlet unit;

6- air heat exchanger;

7 - the first contour of the pipeline;

8- combustion chamber of an external heat source;

9 - the second contour of the pipeline;

10 - tank with secondary coolant;

11- external energy source;

12- outlet branch pipe of the combustion chamber;

13- intermediate heat exchanger;

14- sealing unit;

15 - generator and / or hydraulic motor

16 - sealed case

The system of a combined closed-loop air motor with an external heat source includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, located in a sealed housing 16, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake 2 and exhaust 3 manifold system with a valve mechanism . The system has a fully closed circuit with two piping circuits. The combined air motor further includes an air compressor piston assembly driven by the air motor assemblies, for example, by means of compressor piston pushing elements located on the air motor crankshaft or other arrangement that drives the air compressor pistons.

The piston unit of the air compressor includes an inlet assembly 4 and an outlet assembly 5 of the working medium. Various air and low-boiling liquid mixtures and/or gases can be used as the working medium. The most efficient operation of the system is carried out when freon is used as a working medium. Freon provides its rapid heating and cooling, a large change in pressure during heating, which has a positive effect on its use in the system and its efficiency.

The combined air motor system of a closed circuit with an external heat source includes two closed circuits 7.9 pipelines. The system is absolutely hermetic and the loss of the working medium in it is excluded.

Through the first circuit 7 of the pipeline, the outlet assembly 5 is connected to the combustion chamber of the external heat source 8 by a closed (tight) connection. From the outlet unit 5 of the air compressor, the working medium is injected directly into the combustion chamber 8. The combustion chamber 8 of the external heat source includes a heating tank with a secondary coolant 10 and an external energy source 11. Thus, the cooled working medium is transferred along this pipeline circuit 7, its heating in the tank 10 with the secondary coolant of the combustion chamber 8, heated by an external energy source 11 and supplying the working medium heated to a predetermined temperature to the intake manifold 2 of the air motor 1 for its operation. The temperature of the coolant in the tank 10 does not exceed 150°C, is regulated depending on the type of coolant and the desired temperature.

Various devices can be used as a combustion chamber 8, for example, devices based on gas or solid fuel boilers, diesel, pellet boilers and other devices with combustion chambers of any fuel.

The external energy source 11, depending on the design, is made in the form of a gas / diesel burner, a solid fuel combustion chamber, etc.

The outlet pipe 12 of the combustion chamber 8 of an external heat source is connected through the pipeline of the primary circuit 7 to the intake manifold 2 of the air motor 1 for transferring the working medium heated to the operating temperature and for the operation of the air motor 1. Getting into the intake manifold 2, the working medium heated to the operating temperature leads to work CPG and the implementation of the transfer of rotation to the appropriate device for transmitting rotation 15 - a generator and / or a hydraulic motor, each of which can be used separately or both together, depending on the need. In this case, the generator and/or hydraulic motor 15 can be placed in one sealed housing 16 of the device or outside it.

On the second circuit 9 of the pipeline, a closed (tight) connection is made from the exhaust manifold 3 to the inlet 4 of the compressor. This circuit 9 transfers the working medium, which still has a high temperature, cools it in the air heat exchanger 6 and enters the working medium cooled to a predetermined operating temperature into the compressor inlet 4.

In this case, the second circuit 9 of the pipeline on its way additionally passes through the air heat exchanger 6, where the working medium is cooled to the required temperature. The air heat exchanger 6 has, as a rule, a radiator unit and a fan for removing heat energy and cooling the working medium. More efficient cooling methods, such as a glycol block, can additionally be used to increase the cooling efficiency.

The combined closed-loop air motor system can additionally include an intermediate heat exchanger 13, through which both pipeline circuits 7,9 pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the primary circuit 7 and cooling of the working medium of the secondary circuit 9, which further increases the efficiency of the system and its efficiency.

At the same time, the output shaft of the combined air motor at the outlet from the housing 16 contains a sealing assembly 14 to prevent leakage of the working medium. The sealing assembly 14 may be of various designs, and its design features are not part of the claimed scope of this application.

Thus, the created modernized design of the system of the combined closed-loop air motor with an external heat source provides an increase in the efficiency of the air motor, its efficiency and torque.

Claims (6)

1. The system of a combined air motor of a closed circuit with an external heat source, characterized in that it includes a combined air motor with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as an air compressor piston unit driven in movement of the air motor units, including the inlet unit and the outlet unit of the working medium, while the exhaust unit is connected via the first circuit of the pipeline to the combustion chamber of an external heat source, including a tank with a secondary coolant, an external energy source, and the outlet pipe of the combustion chamber of the external heat source is connected via a pipeline to the inlet manifold of the air motor to transfer the working medium heated to the operating temperature, the exhaust manifold is connected to the compressor inlet unit along the second circuit of the pipeline, while the pipeline on its way additionally passes through an air heat exchanger, where the working medium is cooled. 2. The system of a combined closed-circuit air motor with an external heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an intermediate heat exchanger through which both pipeline circuits pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the primary circuit and cooling of the working medium of the second circuit. 3. The system of the combined air motor of a closed circuit with an external heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that the output shaft of the combined air motor at the exit from the housing contains a sealing assembly. 4. The system of a combined air motor of a closed circuit with an external heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that the air motor combined with a compressor in one housing includes a generator and / or a hydraulic motor.

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