RU2790904C1 - Closed loop combined air motor system with natural heat supply - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pneumatic motors powered by compressed air/gas. The system of the combined air motor 1 of a closed circuit with the supply of heat from natural sources includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with a system of intake and exhaust manifolds 2 and 3 with a valve mechanism, as well as a compressor piston unit driven by assemblies air motor 1, including the inlet assembly 4 and the outlet assembly 5 of the working medium. The node 5 along the first circuit 7 of the pipeline passes through the main heat exchanger 8, heated by the third circuit 10 of the natural heat source, and is further connected to the collector 2 for transferring the working medium heated to the operating temperature. The collector 3 on the second circuit 9 of the pipeline is connected with the inlet 4. The pipeline on its way additionally passes through the air heat exchanger 6, where the working medium is cooled.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the air motor, increasing its efficiency and torque.

7 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pneumatic motors powered by compressed air/gas, which can be used as a replacement for electric motors to drive various stationary machines and mechanisms.

Today, ideas are gaining momentum related to the development of alternative energy sources, the use of solar, wind, earth, etc. energy to preserve natural wealth and use renewable natural resources.

Various designs of pneumatic motors are known from the prior art, including a stator with a rotor eccentrically mounted in it, in the radial grooves of which the blades are located with the possibility of their movement in planes passing through the axis of the rotor, contacting their ends with the inner cylindrical surface of the stator, see, for example, SU 1698459 A1, 12/15/1991 or SU 1165804 A, 07/07/1985, or SU 1188336 A, 10/30/1985, or DE 29811693 U1, 10/08/1998.

However, these air motors are inefficient, since they require a source of compressed air with a high pressure, which leads to an increased consumption of it, and also, in order to obtain a larger torque at the output, large overall dimensions of the motor are required, since only one blade is actually involved in the transmission of torque, and, therefore, the greater the working area of the blade, the greater the torque transmitted by the engine. In addition, the manufacturing technology of these engines is very complex, since high precision is required in the manufacture of a rotor with grooves in which the blades must move with minimal tolerances. The efficiency of these engines is also reduced due to the high friction of the blade walls in the rotor slots, as well as due to the friction of their end edges against the inner surface of the stator.

As the closest analogue (prototype) for the claimed system of a combined pneumatic motor, you can take a pneumatic motor according to patent RU 2520768 C2, 06/27/2014, including a stator with an internal cylindrical surface, with flanges located at its ends with at least one inlet a hole communicated with a source of compressed air and with at least one outlet, a rotor eccentrically mounted inside the stator, made in the form of a cylinder with at least two axial holes oriented along its axis and passing along the periphery of the mentioned cylinder, with in this case, each of these axial holes communicates with the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor by means of a longitudinal groove or at least one docking hole designed for sequential docking with the said inlet and outlet holes of the stator, and the said axial holes are made blind on both sides.

This device also has significant disadvantages in the form of the need to use a source of compressed air with high pressure, and also, in order to obtain a greater output torque, large overall dimensions of the engine are also required. In addition, the system has a low efficiency and does not use renewable natural resources.

The proposed invention is based on the task of modernizing the design of the air motor operation system, eliminating the known disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the pneumatic motor, increase its efficiency and torque using renewable natural energy sources.

This result is achieved by the fact that the system of a combined air motor of a closed circuit with the supply of heat from natural sources includes a combined air motor with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as a piston unit of the air compressor, driven by the air motor units, including the inlet unit and the outlet unit of the working medium, while,

the outlet unit along the first circuit of the pipeline passes through the main heat exchanger heated by the third circuit of the natural heat source and, further, is connected to the inlet manifold of the air motor to transfer the working medium heated to the operating temperature,

the exhaust manifold is connected to the compressor inlet unit along the second circuit of the pipeline, while the pipeline on its way additionally passes through an air heat exchanger, where the working medium is cooled.

The closed circuit combined air motor system additionally includes an intermediate heat exchanger, through which the first and second pipeline circuits pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the first circuit and cooling of the working medium of the second circuit.

The natural heat source has an operating temperature of -10°C to +110°C and above.

The natural heat source is a source of geothermal waters.

The natural heat source is a source of solar energy.

The output shaft of the combined air motor at the outlet of the housing contains a sealing unit.

The air motor combined with the compressor in one housing includes a generator and / or a hydraulic motor.

Further, the principle of operation of the device will be described in view of the attached diagram in the figure, which shows the preferred system of a combined closed-loop air motor with the supply of heat from natural sources, where

1 - combined air motor of a closed circuit with a compressor;

2 - intake manifold;

3 - exhaust manifold;

4 - compressor inlet unit;

5 - compressor outlet unit;

6 - air heat exchanger;

7 - the first contour of the pipeline;

8 - main heat exchanger;

9 - the second contour of the pipeline;

10 - the third circuit of the natural heat source;

11 - source of natural heating;

12 - intermediate heat exchanger;

13 - sealing unit;

14 - generator and/or hydraulic motor;

15 - sealed case

The system of a combined closed-circuit pneumatic motor with a geothermal heat source includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, located in a sealed housing 15, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake 2 and exhaust 3 manifold system with a valve mechanism, the system has a completely closed circuit with two main piping circuits and an additional third circuit 10 natural heat source. The combined air motor further includes an air compressor piston assembly driven by the air motor assemblies, for example, by means of compressor piston pushing elements located on the air motor crankshaft or other arrangement that drives the air compressor pistons.

The piston unit of the air compressor includes an inlet assembly 4 and an outlet assembly 5 of the working medium. Various gases with high thermal capacity can be used as the working medium. The most efficient operation of the system is carried out when freon is used as a working medium. Freon provides its rapid heating and cooling, a large change in pressure during heating, a wide range of operating temperatures, depending on the modification, which has a positive effect on its use in the system and its efficiency.

The combined air motor system of a closed circuit with a geothermal heat source includes two working closed circuits 7, 9 pipelines. The system is absolutely hermetic and the loss of the working medium in it is excluded.

Through the first circuit 7 of the pipeline, the working medium from the outlet unit 5 passes through the main heat exchanger 8. The first circuit 7 of the pipeline, after the main heat exchanger 8, is connected by a pipeline to the inlet manifold 2 of the air motor to transfer the working medium heated to the operating temperature.

Heat exchangers 6, 8, 12 is a technical device in which heat exchange takes place between two media having different temperatures. As a rule, the heat exchanger is made in the form of a serpentine tubular closed circuit, penetrated by radiator plates that provide heating / cooling of the working medium. The design of heat exchangers can be different, for example, a spiral circuit, a "pipe in pipe" type heat exchanger, and other types.

The main heat exchanger 8 is heated by the third circuit 10 from a natural heat source 11.

As a natural heat source 11, the energy of underground natural objects is used: soil and water, solar energy, water energy, etc. This can be, for example, a hot spring of geothermal water, or a water well, which also has a positive water temperature, or a horizontal earth contour , taking heat from the ground, etc. The natural heat source has an operating temperature of -10°C to +110°C and above. A solution circulates along the third circuit 10 of the natural heat source, which takes the heat of the environment (water or soil or the sun, etc.) and transfers it to the main heat exchanger 8.

From the outlet unit 5 of the air compressor, the working medium is injected directly into the main heat exchanger 8, where the working medium is heated to a predetermined temperature. Thus, according to this circuit 7 of the pipeline, the working medium is heated in the main heat exchanger 8 and the working medium heated to a predetermined temperature is supplied to the intake manifold 2 of the air motor 1 to carry out its operation.

The working medium heated to the operating temperature entering the intake manifold 2 contributes to the operation of the air motor 1. The working medium heated to the operating temperature entering the intake manifold 2 leads to the operation of the CPG and the transmission of rotation to the output shaft, for example, to the generator and / or hydraulic motor 14. , generator and/or hydraulic motor 14 can be placed in one hermetic housing 15 or separately, outside the system.

On the second circuit 9 of the pipeline, a closed (tight) connection is made from the exhaust manifold 3 to the inlet 4 of the compressor. This circuit 9 transfers the working medium, which still has a high temperature, cools it in the air heat exchanger 6 and enters the working medium cooled to a predetermined operating temperature into the compressor inlet 4.

In this case, the second circuit 9 of the pipeline on its way additionally passes through the air heat exchanger 6, where the working medium is cooled to the required temperature. The air heat exchanger 6 has, as a rule, a radiator unit and a fan for removing heat energy and cooling the working medium. More efficient cooling methods, such as a glycol refrigeration unit, can be added to the circuit to improve cooling efficiency.

The combined closed-loop air motor system can additionally include an intermediate heat exchanger 12, through which both pipeline circuits 7, 9 pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the primary circuit 7 and cooling of the working medium of the secondary circuit 9, which further increases the efficiency of the system and its efficiency.

At the same time, the output shaft of the combined air motor at the outlet of the housing 15 contains a sealing unit 13 to prevent leakage of the working medium. The sealing assembly 13 may be of various designs, and its design features are not part of the claimed scope of this application.

Thus, the modernized design of the combined closed-loop pneumatic motor system with the supply of a natural heat source, which has been created, provides an increase in the efficiency of the pneumatic motor, an increase in its efficiency and torque using renewable natural energy sources.

Claims (8)

1. The system of a combined air motor of a closed circuit with the supply of heat from natural sources, characterized in that it includes a combined air motor with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as an air compressor piston unit driven by in motion by the air motor units, including the inlet unit and the outlet unit of the working medium, while the outlet unit, along the first circuit of the pipeline, passes through the main heat exchanger heated by the third circuit of the natural heat source, and is then connected to the air motor inlet manifold to transfer the working temperature heated to the operating temperature environment, the exhaust manifold, along the second circuit of the pipeline, is connected to the compressor inlet unit, while the pipeline on its way additionally passes through an air heat exchanger, where the working medium is cooled. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an intermediate heat exchanger through which the first and second pipeline circuits pass, for simultaneous heating of the working medium of the first circuit and cooling of the working medium of the second circuit. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural heat source has an operating temperature of -10°C to +110°C and above. 4. The system according to claim. 1, characterized in that the natural heat source is a source of geothermal waters. 5. The system according to claim. 1, characterized in that the natural heat source is a source of solar energy. 6. The system of claim 1, characterized in that the output shaft of the combined air motor at the outlet of the housing contains a sealing assembly. 7. The system according to claim. 1, characterized in that the air motor combined with the compressor in one housing includes a generator and / or a hydraulic motor.

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