RU2784137C2 - Combined air motor system with external heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a combined air motor system with an external heat source. The system includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with a system of intake and exhaust manifolds 2 and 3 with a valve mechanism, as well as an air compressor piston unit driven by the air motor 1 assemblies, made with the possibility of intake air from the outside by the air inlet 4 directly into the receiver 6 through the pipeline through the outlet 5. A control valve 7 is installed on the outlet pipe of the receiver 6, which provides air supply. The valve 7 is connected through a pipeline to the combustion chamber 8 of an external heat source, including a radiator heating unit 9, an external energy source 10, and an exhaust air supply unit 11. The outlet pipe 12 of the chamber 8 of the external heat source is connected by a pipeline to the collector 2 for transferring the air heated to the operating temperature. Collector 3 is connected through a pipeline to the supply unit 11.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the air motor, increasing its efficiency and torque.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pneumatic motors powered by compressed air, which can be used as a replacement for electric motors to drive various machines and mechanisms, as well as a replacement for internal combustion engines to drive vehicles, ships, etc.

Various designs of pneumatic motors are known from the prior art, including a stator with a rotor eccentrically mounted in it, in the radial grooves of which the blades are located with the possibility of their movement in planes passing through the axis of the rotor, contacting their ends with the inner cylindrical surface of the stator, see, for example, SU 1698459 A1, 12/15/1991 or SU 1165804 A, 07/07/1985, or SU 1188336 A, 10/30/1985, or DE 29811693 U1, 10/08/1998.

However, these air motors are inefficient, since they require a source of compressed air with a high pressure, which leads to an increased consumption of it, and also, in order to get more torque at the output, large overall dimensions of the motor are required, since only one blade is actually involved in the transmission of torque, and , therefore, the larger the working area of the blade, the greater the torque transmitted by the engine. In addition, the manufacturing technology of these engines is very complex, since high precision is required in the manufacture of a rotor with grooves in which the blades must move with minimal tolerances. The efficiency of these engines is also reduced due to the high friction of the blade walls in the rotor slots, as well as due to the friction of their end edges against the inner surface of the stator.

As the closest analogue (prototype) for the claimed system of a combined pneumatic motor, you can take a pneumatic motor according to patent RU 2520768 C2, 06/27/2014, including a stator with an internal cylindrical surface, with flanges located at its ends with at least one inlet a hole communicated with a source of compressed air and with at least one outlet, a rotor eccentrically mounted inside the stator, made in the form of a cylinder with at least two axial holes oriented along its axis and passing along the periphery of the mentioned cylinder, with in this case, each of these axial holes communicates with the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor by means of a longitudinal groove or at least one docking hole designed for sequential docking with the said inlet and outlet holes of the stator, and the said axial holes are made blind on both sides.

This device also has significant disadvantages in the form of the need to use a source of compressed air with high pressure, and also, in order to obtain a greater output torque, large overall dimensions of the engine are also required. In addition, the system has a low efficiency.

The purpose of the claimed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of known air motor systems.

The proposed invention is based on the task of modernizing the design of the air motor operation system, eliminating the known disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the air motor, increase its efficiency and torque.

This result is achieved by the fact that the combined air motor system with an external heat source includes an air motor combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as a piston block an air compressor driven by the air motor units, made with the possibility of taking air from the outside by the inlet unit and forcing air directly into the receiver through the pipeline, through the outlet unit,

a control valve is installed on the outlet pipe of the receiver, which provides adjustment of the air supply,

the control valve is connected through a pipeline to the combustion chamber of an external heat source, including a radiator heating unit, an external energy source, an exhaust air supply unit,

the outlet branch pipe of the combustion chamber of the external heat source is connected by a pipeline to the inlet manifold of the air motor for transferring the air heated to the operating temperature, and the exhaust manifold is connected through the pipeline to the exhaust air supply unit of the combustion chamber.

The receiver has valve mechanisms for retaining forced air and bleeding excess air, as well as instrumentation for monitoring the pressure inside it.

The radiator heating unit is made in the form of a tubular closed circuit located in a snake, penetrated by radiator plates.

Further, the principle of operation of the device will be described in view of the attached diagram of figure 1, which shows the preferred system of a combined air motor with an external heat source, where:

1 - air motor;

2 - intake manifold;

3 - exhaust manifold;

4 - inlet node;

5 - release node;

6 - receiver;

7 - adjusting valve;

8 - combustion chamber;

9 - radiator heating unit;

10 – external energy source;

11 - exhaust air supply unit;

12 - outlet pipe;

13 - gearbox.

The combined air motor system with an external heat source includes an air motor 1 combined with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group (CPG), as well as a cylinder head (cylinder head) with an intake 2 and exhaust 3 manifold system with a valve mechanism. The combined air motor further includes an air compressor piston assembly driven by the air motor assemblies, for example, by means of compressor piston pushing elements located on the air motor crankshaft or other arrangement that drives the air compressor pistons.

The air compressor combined with the air motor 1 is made with the possibility of taking air from the outside by the inlet 4. The air enters the inlet 4 through the tube or is taken through the corresponding hole. From the outlet 5 of the air compressor, air is injected directly into the receiver 6 through the corresponding pipeline.

Receiver 6 is a sealed container, which is designed to store compressed air in it, as well as to stabilize the pressure in the pneumatic system of the device. The receiver 6 has valve mechanisms for retaining the forced air, as well as bleeding excess air, a possible condensate drain unit, as well as instrumentation for monitoring the pressure inside it. A control valve 7 is installed on the outlet pipe of the receiver 6, which provides adjustment of the air supply.

As a control valve 7 on the outlet pipe of the receiver 6 is used, for example, an electromagnetic control valve or pressure reducer or other mechanism that provides a given pressure at the outlet.

The control valve 7 is connected via a pipeline to the combustion chamber 8 of an external heat source. Various devices can be used as a combustion chamber 8, for example, devices based on gas or solid fuel boilers, diesel, pellet boilers and other devices with combustion chambers of any fuel. Any of the options should include a heat exchanger in the form of a radiator heating unit 9, an external energy source 10 and an exhaust air supply unit 11.

The radiator heating unit 9 may have a different design, for example, tubular or plate or other, to fulfill its purpose - heat transfer. The radiator heating unit 9 is heated by an external energy source 10 or several heat sources, for example, wood, waste from waste processing plants, coal, gas, fuel oil, electricity or other / other source, selected depending on the availability of the heat source, its price, location / use systems and other factors.

Radiator heating unit 9 is preferably made in the form of a serpentine tubular closed circuit, penetrated by radiator plates, and provides air heating and its direct transfer through the combustion chamber further to the device nodes. The external energy source 10, depending on the design, is made in the form of a gas / diesel burner, a solid fuel combustion chamber, etc.

The exhaust air supply unit 11 is made in the form of a nozzle or a series of nozzles through which heated air flows from the exhaust manifold 3, which is still at a high temperature. The heated air enhances the combustion process when using an external energy source 10 with an open flame and/or provides blowing and heating of the radiator heating unit 9 with still hot air leaving the exhaust manifold 3.

The outlet pipe 12 of the combustion chamber 8 of the external heat source is connected by a pipeline to the intake manifold 2, of the air motor 1 for transferring air heated to the operating temperature, and the exhaust manifold 3 is connected through the pipeline to the exhaust air supply unit 11 of the combustion chamber 8. The air entering the intake manifold 2 is heated to operating temperature, the air leads to the operation of the CPG and the transmission of rotation to the output shaft, for example, to a gearbox / gearbox or according to another rotation transmission scheme. The air leaving the exhaust manifold (3) provides heating of the radiator heating unit 9 to increase the efficiency of the system and reduce its energy consumption.

Thus, the created modernized design of the combined air motor system with an external heat source provides an increase in the efficiency of the air motor, increasing its efficiency.

Claims (3)

1. The system of a combined air motor with an external heat source, characterized in that it includes a combined air motor with a compressor, including a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with an intake and exhaust manifold system with a valve mechanism, as well as an air compressor piston unit driven in movement by the air motor units, made with the possibility of taking air from the outside by the inlet unit and forcing air directly into the receiver through the pipeline through the outlet unit, a control valve is installed on the receiver outlet pipe, providing air supply, the control valve is connected through the pipeline to the combustion chamber of an external heat source, including a radiator heating unit, external energy source, exhaust air supply unit, wherein the outlet pipe of the combustion chamber of the external heat source is connected by a pipeline to the inlet manifold of the air motor to transfer the air heated to the operating temperature ha, and the exhaust manifold is connected through a pipeline to the exhaust air supply unit of the combustion chamber. 2. The combined air motor system with an external heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiver has valve mechanisms for retaining the injected air and bleeding excess air, as well as instrumentation for monitoring the pressure inside it. 3. Combined air motor system with an external heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiator heating unit is made in the form of a tubular closed circuit located in a snake, penetrated by radiator plates.

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