RU2775905C1 - Method for interval regulation of train traffic, using block sections, traffic lights, and detection of interference in operation logic - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railways.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for interval regulation of train traffic, using block sections, traffic lights, and detection of interference in the operation logic. In the method: information about a state of all lamps of each wayside traffic light is continuously received, and a signal indication type is determined according to them; signal indication types are cyclically compared between each other in pairs, according to the selected direction of movement along a route of the stage, taking into account insertional characteristics of system equipment for each route of the stage. If the signal indication type of any traffic light is not forbidding and, at the same time: it and the signal indication type of the wayside traffic light next in the direction of movement along the route of the stage coincide, and the signal indication type of the considered traffic light requires the speed limitation, or it and the signal indication type of the wayside traffic light next in the direction of movement along the route of the stage do not coincide, and the signal indication type of the considered traffic light is more permissive, then the interference in the operation logic is registered with the indication of corresponding stage route number, direction of movement along it, traffic light designation. Then, a notification signal to duty and dispatch personnel and each controlled railway rolling stock on this stage route is formed, containing information about the stage route number, the direction of movement along it, and the traffic light designation. After receiving the notification signal, using safety devices placed on the controlled railway rolling stock, when approaching the corresponding traffic light, actual and maximum permissible speeds are lowered to a level providing the possibility of stopping, when the traffic obstruction is detected, until reaching the traffic light following it in the direction of movement.

EFFECT: increase in a level of safety of train traffic is achieved.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to railway automation and telemechanics and can be used for interval control of train traffic on railway sections equipped with automatic blocking with track circuits, in which the signals for the "path-path" and "path-locomotive" channels are the same in all operating modes.

State of the art

The existing technical means of interval control of train traffic on hauls, made mainly with the use of a relay element base, allow intervention in their work by changing the installation of individual components. Such a change in installation can lead to:

- to distortion of signals at the input of the signaling unit of the system for interval control of train traffic (the logic of the system remains unchanged, however, the signals generated by it will not take into account the current train situation);

- to the distortion of the signals generated by the signaling unit of the interval control system for train traffic (signals at the input of the system correspond to the train situation, while the signals containing orders for permission to move, allowable and / or target speeds do not correspond to the train situation).

The result of the intervention in both the first and second cases is a decrease in the level of train traffic safety and, as a result, a collision of railway rolling stock. An example of the distortion of signals generated by the signaling unit of the system for interval control of train traffic is described in detail in the Information letter on the occasion of a transport accident on August 03, 2021 on the Aleur-Bushuli section of the Trans-Baikal Railway - a branch of Russian Railways, (https://uugzdn.tu. rostransnadzor.gov.ru/news/novostiural/document/70920).

In connection with the foregoing, special attention should be paid to interval control systems based on automatic interlocking with track circuits, in which the control signals of the rail line are the same for the “track-track” and “track-locomotive” channels in all operating modes, for example, the well-known numerical coded auto-locking ChKAB (Kazakov A.A., Kazakov E.A. Auto-blocking, locomotive signaling and hitchhiking: A textbook for technical schools of railway transport - 7th ed., Revised and added. - M., Transport, 1980. - 360 p.). This is due to the fact that such systems are decentralized, they do not have an additional communication channel between individual signaling installations, and, therefore, there is no possibility of validating the integrity of the algorithm for the operation of the system for interval control of train traffic and there are no mechanisms for detecting signal distortions generated by the signaling installation and warning duty and dispatching personnel of railways and locomotive crews.

Various sources describe methods related to solving the problem of increasing the reliability of data generated by systems for interval control of train traffic by monitoring the correctness of their operation algorithm.

So there is a method of interval regulation of train traffic on the stage with auto-blocking (RU 2491198 C1, B61L 3/12, B61L 25/00, 27.08.2013). The method includes checking the track section vacancy by the equipment for monitoring the track circuits based on the correct sequence of occupation and release by the same train of all the track circuits of the track section and the transmission to the locomotive of code signals that carry information about the number of free track sections in the direction of the train and about restrictions. speed, reception and decoding of code signals on the locomotive and control of the movement of the train to ensure safe braking and stopping in front of obstacles. At the same time, the code signals of the rail circuit equipment received on the locomotive are monitored for reliability, each time the train locomotive passes the next border between adjacent rail circuits, a code telegram with the current location coordinates is formed on the locomotive and transmitted via an additional digital communication radio channel to the posts of electrical centralization of stations that limit the haul. of the locomotive, the number of its train, its route and a sign of the integrity of the train, these data are compared with the results of checking the vacancy of the track sections by the equipment for monitoring the track circuits, and when the equipment of the track circuits issues unreliable signals, permission is formed for the train to pass through the track sections based on the information of the code telegram.

This method, although it allows to increase the reliability of the system and the capacity of the railways, but has the disadvantage associated with the lack of control over interference in the logic of the operation of signaling installations by the maintenance and repair personnel.

The closest in its technical essence is the method of interval regulation of train traffic, implemented by means of microprocessor automatic blocking with tone track circuits, centralized placement of equipment and duplicated information transmission channels ABTC-M and its modifications (https://www.irz.ru/products/ 20/73.htm). The method consists in controlling the vacancy of track sections by means of equipment for monitoring track circuits; control the passage of the train on the stage by monitoring the successive occupation and release of track circuits of block sections; in case of non-compliance with the logic of the train's passage along the stage, they fence off the block section on which the train was last recorded; detect false occupancy of track circuits. Depending on the train situation, signals containing information about the permissible speed and/or the number of free block sections in front of the train are generated and transmitted to the trains to the on-board equipment. Control the vigilance of the driver. At the same time, if the maximum allowable speed is exceeded, if full service braking is not started, or if the driver’s vigilance is not confirmed by on-board equipment, auto-stop braking is automatically activated. This method is taken as a prototype.

Despite the advantages of monitoring the passage of the train along the stage and detecting false employment, the known method has a significant drawback, which consists in the inability to detect interference in the operation of signaling installations that generate and transmit signals.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result to which this invention is directed is to increase the level of train traffic safety.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of interval regulation of train traffic using block sections, traffic lights and detecting interference in the logic of work consists in controlling the vacancy of track sections by means of the equipment of track circuits; depending on the state of the fenced track section and the signal indication of the ahead traffic light, the signal indications of each traffic light are controlled by means of signal installations; transmit signals about the state of traffic lights between adjacent signaling installations by means of track circuits. Depending on the train situation and/or the readings of the track lights, signals containing information on the permissible speed and/or the number of free block sections in front of the train are formed and transmitted to the trains to the on-board equipment. Additionally, continuously: receive information about the status of all the lamps of each traffic light and determine the type of signal indication from them; cyclically, taking into account the inertial characteristics of the system equipment for each haul path, the types of signal indications are compared in pairs with each other according to the selected direction of movement along the haul path. If the type of signal indication of any traffic light is not prohibitive, and at the same time: it and the type of signal indication of the track traffic light following in the direction of travel along the route are the same and the type of signal indication of the traffic light in question requires a speed limit, or it and the type of signal indication of the track block following in the direction of travel along the path traffic lights do not match and the type of signal indication of the traffic light in question is more permissive, then an intervention in the logic of work is recorded indicating the corresponding route number of the stage, the direction of movement along it, and the designation of the traffic light. Then, a warning signal is generated to the duty-dispatching personnel and each controlled railway rolling stock on the given haul track, containing information about the number of the haul track, the direction of movement along it and the designation of the traffic light. After receiving a notification signal with the help of safety devices placed on a controlled railway rolling stock, when approaching the corresponding traffic light, the actual and maximum allowable speeds are reduced to a level that provides the possibility of stopping when an obstacle to traffic is detected, up to the traffic light following it in the direction of movement.

Brief description of the drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a block diagram of the operation algorithm of the outdoor equipment of the system that implements the inventive method for interval control of train traffic using block sections, traffic lights and detecting interference in the operation logic. According to the block diagram of the algorithm, the state of the lamps of each traffic light is determined continuously while the process of interval regulation of the movement of trains is being carried out. According to the data obtained, the type of signal indication of each traffic light is determined. Further, for each i-th traffic light from m-1 to 1 (i.e., according to the chosen direction of movement along the haul), taking into account the inertial characteristics of the system equipment, the types of signal indications are compared in pairs. If the type of signal indication of any i+1 traffic light is not forbidding and at the same time: it and the type of signal indication of the next traffic light i in the direction of travel along the haul track i coincide and the type of signal indication of the considered traffic light i+1 requires a speed limit, or it and the type of signal indication of the next in the direction of movement along the route of the track of the traffic light i do not match and the type of signal (logic) operation of the indications of the considered traffic light i+1 is more permissive, then the fact of interference in the system algorithm is recorded. Next, a warning signal is generated to the duty-dispatching personnel and to each controlled railway rolling stock on this haul path.

The operation of the on-board equipment of the system that implements the inventive method of interval regulation of train traffic using block sections, traffic lights and detecting interference in the logic of work is not shown in the drawing.

Implementation of the invention

The method for interval regulation of train traffic using block sections, traffic lights and detecting interference in the logic of work is implemented as follows (figure).

By means of track circuits, the current state of each section of the haul track is determined. Depending on the state of the rail circuits of the fenced track section, as well as on the signal indication of the next stage in the direction of travel, the track traffic light is controlled by a signal installation (relay, relay-processor or microprocessor circuit containing, among other things, a decoder (decoder) of code combinations and signaling signals controlled by it relays similar to the well-known system of numerical code automatic blocking ChKAB) signal indication of each traffic light. To transfer information about the state of track traffic lights between adjacent signal installations, rail circuits are used, namely, the path-path channel formed by the rail line, the receiving and transmitting equipment of two neighboring signal installations. Depending on the train situation and/or the readings of the track lights, signals containing information on the permissible speed and/or the number of free block sections in front of the train are formed and transmitted to the trains to the on-board equipment. The signals are formed by means of the equipment of signaling installations using frequency or amplitude modulators and transmitted to trains via inductive communication lines made in the form of a track line of a track circuit.

In the absence of interventions from maintenance and repair personnel, the method of interval regulation of train traffic corresponds to the prototype and other systems of the known level of technology.

In the event of a malfunction in the equipment of the system for interval control of train traffic (false employment, malfunction of the equipment of the signaling installation, in particular decoder cells), a prohibitory indication is switched on at the corresponding traffic light.

This leads to a sharp decrease in the throughput of the railway section. The function of eliminating such a malfunction is entrusted to the maintenance and repair personnel of the railways. In the event of a complete elimination of the malfunction, the algorithm of the system operation is not violated, because information transmission chains are not violated: from the equipment of the track circuits to the signal installation (the current state of the track circuits of the track section and the traffic light following in the direction of movement) and from the signal installation to the traffic light (information processing, selection of the signal indication depending on the state of the rail circuits of the track section being protected and traffic light following in the direction of travel).

In the absence of the possibility of prompt elimination of the malfunction, the maintenance and repair personnel, in order to ensure the required throughput, can change the installation between individual components, blocks or devices of signaling installations, providing a permissive indication of the through traffic light (in most cases requiring a speed limit). Thus, regardless of the current state of the track circuits of the track section and the traffic light following in the direction of travel, the signal installation, the installation of which has been changed, will provide the formation of signals to the traffic light and to the on-board equipment of trains that do not correspond to the current train situation.

In order to be able to detect installation changes that lead to a change in the algorithm of operation of the equipment of interval train traffic control systems and a decrease in the level of train traffic safety, information is additionally continuously obtained on the state of all lamps of each track light and the type of signal indication is determined from them. Obtaining information about the states of all lamps of each traffic light is possible by means of a monitoring system that includes controllers included in the data transmission network that measure the voltage supplied to the traffic light lamps or the current passing through the traffic light lamp filaments. As controllers, in particular, programmable industrial controllers programmable PIK-10 (analog-digital signals), PIK-120 (digital signals) and their modifications are used. Determining the type of signal indication is carried out by means of a specialized microcontroller, a combinational circuit or software of an industrial electronic computer. So the type of signal indication "Z" (one green light) is formed when only one green light lamp is on, the rest of the lamps of the traffic light in question are extinguished. The type of signal indication "Ж" (one yellow light) is formed when only one yellow light lamp is on, the rest of the lamps of the traffic light in question are extinguished. The type of signal indication "KZh" (one red light) is formed when only one red light lamp is on, the rest of the lamps of the considered traffic light are extinguished. The types of signal indications are determined in accordance with the Signaling Instructions in force on the railway, for example, Appendix No. 7 to the Rules for the Technical Operation of Railways of the Russian Federation (Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated December 21, 2010 N 286 (as amended on December 25, 2018). Registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia 01/28/2011 N 19627, https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_110021/3ade8a9c6782a26762a87fca524237a54e0ef6ed/).

Then, cyclically and taking into account the inertial characteristics of the system equipment for each haul path, the types of signal indications are compared in pairs with each other according to the selected direction of movement along the haul path. This operation is performed by means of a specialized microcontroller, a combinational circuit or software of an industrial electronic computer. The inertial characteristic of the system equipment should be considered the switching time of the signal indication of the traffic light after a change in the state of the track circuit protected by it or the type of signal indication located ahead in the direction of movement along the stage of the traffic light. Typically, this time is 5-6 seconds and is determined by the characteristics of the applied signals for the path-path and path-locomotive channels, for example, a numerical code, which is a code with repetition.

If the type of signal indication of any traffic light i+1 is not prohibitive, and at the same time: it and the type of signal indication of the next traffic light along the route of the haul i coincide and the type of signal indication of the considered traffic light i+1 requires a speed limit, or it and the type of signal indication of the next in the direction of movement along the route of the route of the traffic light i do not match and the type of signal indication of the considered traffic light i + 1 is more resolving, then an intervention in the operation algorithm is recorded indicating the corresponding number of the route of the route, the direction of movement along it, the designation of the traffic light. Such registration can be carried out, for example, using the software of a workstation of a dispatch control system, dispatcher interlocking, a train interval control system or a monitoring system.

On the basis of the registered data, then a notification signal is generated and transmitted to the dispatching staff and each controlled railway rolling stock on a given haul track. The signal contains information about the track number of the haul, the direction of movement along it and the designation of the traffic light. The signals are generated both using the software of the automated workplace of the dispatch control system, dispatcher interlocking, interval train traffic control system or monitoring system and are transmitted to the duty and dispatch personnel of the railways using the appropriate hardware (bells, light signaling devices), and with the help of way transmitting means of radio communication and are transmitted to the controlled railway rolling stock on a given haul track by means of a radio channel.

After receiving a notification signal with the help of safety devices placed on a controlled railway rolling stock, when approaching the corresponding traffic light, the actual and maximum allowable speed is reduced to (a level that provides the possibility of stopping when an obstacle to movement is detected, up to the traffic light following it in the direction of movement. The organization of the reduction of the maximum allowable speed is carried out at the expense of the software of the safety devices.The reduction of the actual speed is achieved by controlling the brake system of the train with the help of the safety devices.

Thus, an increase in the time for decision-making by locomotive crews is achieved when an obstacle to the movement of trains is detected (when the signals of the track lights do not correspond to the train situation) while reducing the actual speed. It is also possible to achieve a reduction in the number of train collisions or reduce the consequences of their collisions due to a reduced speed. All this together allows to increase the level of train traffic safety.

Claims (1)

A method for interval regulation of train traffic using block sections, traffic lights and detecting interference in the logic of work, which consists in controlling the vacancy of track sections by means of track circuit equipment; depending on the state of the fenced track section and the signal indication of the ahead traffic light, the signal indications of each traffic light are controlled by means of signal installations; transmit signals about the state of traffic lights between adjacent signal installations by means of rail circuits; depending on the train situation and / or the indications of the traffic lights, signals are generated and transmitted to the trains to the on-board equipment, signals containing information about the permissible speed and / or the number of free block sections in front of the train, characterized in that additionally continuously: receive information about the status of all lamps each traffic light and they determine the type of signal indication; cyclically, taking into account the inertial characteristics of the system equipment, for each haul path, the types of signal indications are compared in pairs with each other according to the selected direction of movement along the haul path; if the type of signal indication of any traffic light is not prohibitive, and at the same time it and the type of signal indication of the road traffic light following in the direction of travel along the haul path coincide and the type of signal indication of the traffic light in question requires a speed limit, or it and the type of signal indication of the road traffic light following in the direction of travel along the haul path do not match and the type of signal indication of the traffic light in question is more resolving, then an intervention in the operation algorithm is recorded indicating the corresponding route number of the stage, the direction of movement along it, the designation of the traffic light; then, a warning signal is generated and transmitted to the on-duty dispatch personnel and each controlled railway rolling stock on a given haul path, containing information about the haul track number, the direction of movement along it and the designation of the traffic light; after receiving a notification signal with the help of safety devices placed on a controlled railway rolling stock, when approaching the corresponding traffic light, the actual and maximum allowable speed is reduced to a level that makes it possible to stop when an obstacle to traffic is detected, up to the traffic light following it in the direction of movement.

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