RU2775014C1 - Three-socket connector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, to the field of plant cultivation, and is intended for connecting vegetation tanks of hydroponic systems. The three-socket connector of vegetative tanks has three ends with sockets, two ends are located on the same axis opposite each other, the upper end contains a lid with a hole. A filter made in the form of a mesh cylinder with blades is placed inside the device. An adjustable siphon dispenser is also placed inside the filter.

EFFECT: ensuring the possibility of a dosed overflow of the nutrient solution into the vegetative tanks with simultaneous filtration and aeration.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to agriculture, to the field of growing plants, including in greenhouses and in opaque rooms with electric lighting, namely in the production of vegetables, green crops, medicinal plants, berries and flowers, and is intended for connecting the growing containers of hydroponic systems.

From the prior art devices are known - fittings designed to connect parts of the pipeline installed for branching, turns, transitions to a different diameter, as well as, if necessary, frequent assembly and disassembly of pipes. They can be used to connect parts of a pipeline for hydroponic growing of plants located in cuvettes with an inclined bottom at different levels and equipped with overflow channels in the form of siphons (RF patent for utility model No. 147745).

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the inability to adjust the parameters of the overflow device, which makes it impossible to grow various types of plants with optimal nutritional parameters for them, the lack of filtration of the nutrient solution, which leads to emergency situations through clogging of the overflow channels with overgrown roots and parts of the dead root system, and others. pollution; the impossibility of using a wide range of cheap polymer pipes produced by the industry as vegetative pipes for growing plants.

A connector for a water purification filter is known according to RF patent No. 2378034, which makes it easy to replace the filter in systems. However, this device does not allow its use in plant growing devices, since the filter in the form of a replaceable cartridge is designed to remove concentrated impurities that exclude mechanical elements such as dead parts and plant roots.

The task to be solved by the claimed invention is the implementation of the method and device for growing plants on single- or multi-tier hydroponic installations by overflowing the nutrient solution when growing plants by the aerial-water method, including on multi-tier hydroponic installations, characterized by simplicity and efficiency, meeting modern requirements on the effective cultivation of various types of plants with optimal nutritional parameters for them, environmental friendliness, low cost of production, trouble-free operation of equipment.

The achieved technical result consists in the possibility of supplying a dosed amount of a purified aerated solution, which ensures the cultivation of a wide range of plants with optimal nutritional parameters on multi-tiered hydroponic installations, the environmental friendliness of the grown plants, the low cost of the grown products, and the trouble-free operation of the equipment.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the connector of the vegetation containers is made in the form of a shaped tee and contains three sockets with ring seals, two of which are located on the same axis opposite each other, connecting the parts of the vegetation containers (pipes) into one horizontal container, the upper socket contains a lid having an opening; a filter made in the form of a mesh cylinder with blades is placed inside the shaped connecting device; an adjustable siphon dispenser is placed inside the filter. The blades of the filter are located in a spiral to the generatrix of the cylinder or are located in the upper end of the filter in the form of an impeller. The adjustable siphon dispenser is U-shaped in the form of a siphon tube with an adjustable ascending part or in the form of a cap siphon with an adjustable ascending part.

The claimed technical solution is shown in the figures:

Fig. 1 - three-pipe nutrient solution overflow module in a section with a U-shaped siphon dispenser

Fig. 2 - U-shaped adjustable siphon dispenser of a three-socket overflow module with an adjustable ascending part in the section,

Fig. 3 - cap-type siphon dispenser with adjustable ascending part in section.

Fig. 4 - dynamic self-cleaning filter in section.

Fig. 5 is a general view of a vegetation plant using a three-socket module.

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the operation of a vegetative installation using a three-socket module.

Where:

1 - housing of a shaped tee - a module for connecting, filtering and overflowing the nutrient solution P;

2 - housing of the U-shaped adjustable siphon dispenser;

3 - self-cleaning filter - mesh;

4 - adjustable bushing of the ascending part of the siphon;

5 - ruff tip;

6 - cover;

7 - tube for supplying nutrient solution P;

8 - overflow tube;

9 - deepened bottom;

10, 11, 12 - sockets of the nutrient solution overflow module P;

13 - gland seal;

14 - clamping nut;

15 - sealing ring;

16 - body of overflow cap adjustable siphon;

17 - cap;

18 - mobile tube;

19 - dynamic filter frame;

20 - handle;

21 - helical blades (blades);

22 - vegetation containers;

23 - siphon overflow device;

24 - multi-tiered vegetative installation;

25 - nutrient solution;

26 - pump;

27 - receiving container of the nutrient solution;

28 - solution unit (device for monitoring and correcting the parameters of the nutrient solution).

The claimed device is implemented as follows.

Cultivated plants are placed in perforated containers with a small amount of organic, mineral or artificial substrate and placed in vegetative containers made in the form of pipes with holes in the upper part to accommodate plants located one above the other. In the middle part of each of the vegetation pipes, a connecting insert is mounted in the form of a shaped tee - a three-pipe connector 1, equipped with a filtration unit and nutrient solution overflow.

In the lower pipe there is a branch pipe for controlled descent of the nutrient solution P into the storage tank.

Nutrient solution P is fed into the vegetation containers, it is filtered, the nutrient solution is overflowed from top to bottom (from the upper tier of the vegetation containers to the lower tiers of the vegetation containers) through overflow channels - through the nutrient solution supply tube 8. Filling the vegetation containers and overflowing the nutrient solution to the lower level in a multi-tiered hydroponic installation, it is carried out in dosed cycles (periodically), while the liquid is poured into the growing containers up to the level of the lower part of the perforated containers with plants and kept for a set period of time, determined for each category of plants. So, for herbs, this period of time is from one to six minutes, for tomatoes and other nightshade - from six to eight minutes, for cucumbers and other pumpkin - from eight to ten minutes, for salads - from two to five minutes.

After the level of the nutrient solution in the growing tank reaches h _max , the siphon dispenser of the three-pipe connector is activated and the nutrient solution is poured by gravity to the lower tier. At the same time, an increase in the level of the nutrient solution occurs on the lower tier. When the h _max level is reached on this tier, the siphon dispenser is triggered, and the nutrient solution is poured by gravity to the next lower tier. This process continues until the nutrient solution has drained from the lowest tier of the growing plant into a receiving tank.

The three-pipe connector of vegetation containers includes three connecting ends - bells 10, 11, 12, two of which 10, 11 are located on the same axis opposite each other, the upper end 12 is closed with a cover 6 having a hole into which the tube 7 for supplying the nutrient solution P is inserted. A filter 3 is placed inside the device, made in the form of a mesh cylinder with blades 21, an adjustable siphon dispenser is placed inside the filter. The blades 21 of the filter 3 are located in a spiral on the generatrix of the cylindrical frame 19. The blades 21 can be located in the upper end of the filter 3 in the form of an impeller. The adjustable siphon dispenser can be U-shaped in the form of a siphon tube with an adjustable ascending part, or it can be made in the form of a cap siphon with an adjustable ascending part. The ascending part is regulated by an adjustable sleeve 4 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) and a movable tube 18 (Fig. 3).

An adjustable siphon dispenser and a dynamic self-cleaning filter are combined into a three-socket module for connection to growing tanks made from cheap mass-produced industrial plastic pipes.

A three-pipe connector is designed to connect vegetation containers into which a nutrient solution is supplied. Vegetation containers can be made of industrial polymer pipes. The three-pipe connector functions as follows. The body 1 of the three-pipe connector is made with a round deep bottom 9, in which an adjustable siphon dispenser SD1 or SD2 is fixed for overflowing the nutrient solution, and a dynamic self-cleaning filter 3 rotates around it with a small positive buoyancy. The filter prevents penetration of root particles, plant residues and other contaminants into the dispenser. The body 1 of the three-pipe connector is closed from above with a cover 6 (Fig. 1) with an opening for the passage of the tube 7 for supplying the nutrient solution. The upper and two side ends of the housing 1 of the three-socket connector are made in the form of sockets with annular extensions at the ends 10, 11, 12 (Fig. 1). Side sockets 10, 11 are designed to connect two conventionally not shown in the drawings horizontally located vegetation pipes.

The adjustable siphon dispenser SD1 (Fig. 1) for overflowing the nutrient solution consists of a body 2 attached to a deep bottom 9 with a nut 14 through a rubber seal 15. Adjusting the length of the ascending pipe of the siphon dispenser, and with this the hmin level of the nutrient solution constantly present in the vegetation pipes in the range hmin1 - hmin2, is carried out by moving the sleeve 4 (Fig. 1) along the ascending branch pipe of the siphon dispenser.

The hmin level is regulated depending on the type of grown plants and their growth phase. The ingress of parasitic air into the adjustable siphon dispenser is prevented by the stuffing box 13 (Fig. 1). The connection of the overflow tube 8 (Fig. 1) to the body of the adjustable siphon dispenser SD1 for flowing the flowing filtered solution of the FR to a lower level is carried out through the tip of the ruff 5 or in another way.

The solution is filtered by a dynamic self-cleaning filter 3. The filter is made on a plastic frame 19 (Fig. 4), to which a cylindrical mesh filter element 3 is attached. Screw blades 21 are organized outside the frame (Fig. 4). The filter can be removed from the overflow module by removing the cover 6 of the upper socket and pulling the filter by the handle 20.

The operation of the device is carried out as follows.

During nutrient solution supply cycles, after the pump is turned on, the dose of nutrient solution P (Fig. 1) through the tube 7 inserted into the hole in the cover 6 of the three-spigot module of the nutrient solution overflow flows in a jet onto the blades 21 of the dynamic self-cleaning filter, while the supplied solution is sprayed than significant saturation of the solution with atmospheric oxygen is achieved. The oxygen in the nutrient solution is required by plants for successful growth, including the active uptake of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as protein and dry matter synthesis. A high concentration of dissolved oxygen increases competition between microorganisms, which in turn reduces the development of pathogens. In addition, dissolved oxygen regulates the synthesis of compounds that inhibit the development of pathogens.

At the same time, the jet of the flowing nutrient solution with its energy causes the dynamic self-cleaning filter to rotate (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) and washes away contaminants from the grid 3. Large contaminants are retained by the dynamic self-cleaning filter, without interfering with the overflow of the nutrient solution, remain in the vegetation pipes and removed during seasonal processing. During the supply of the nutrient solution, its level in the three-socket overflow module of the nutrient solution (Fig. 1) and in the vegetation containers gradually rises to an adjustable level hmax, irrigating the aerial part of the root system and involving it in the process of consuming nutrients from the nutrient solution. Upon reaching the level of the nutrient solution hmax, an adjustable siphon dispenser is triggered (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), and the nutrient solution, having passed through a dynamic self-cleaning filter (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3), drains clean through the siphon dispenser connected to tube 8 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) into a three-socket module to a lower level of a multi-tiered hydroponic installation or into a receiving container.

The claimed invention makes it possible to filter the nutrient solution with a dynamic self-cleaning filter, and also makes it possible to use the energy of the overflowing nutrient solution jet to clean the dynamic self-cleaning filter. During the supply of the nutrient solution to the vegetation containers, the nutrient solution is aerated by airborne spraying of the stream of the flowing nutrient solution on the blades of the dynamic self-cleaning filter. Filtration of the nutrient solution can be done with a static filter.

The achieved technical result consists in the possibility of promoting the cultivation of a wide range of plants on multi-tiered hydroponic installations with optimal nutritional parameters for them, in the environmental friendliness of the grown plants, the low cost of the grown products, and the trouble-free operation of the equipment.

The claimed device can be implemented in the conditions of industrial and farm production of agricultural products.

Claims (5)

1. A three-pipe connector of vegetation containers, containing three ends with sockets, two ends are located on the same axis opposite each other, the upper end contains a lid with a hole, a filter is placed inside the device, made in the form of a mesh cylinder with blades, an adjustable siphon dispenser is placed inside the filter . 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades are arranged in a spiral forming parts of the cylinder. 3. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the blades are located in the upper end of the filter in the form of an impeller. 4. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the adjustable siphon dispenser is U-shaped in the form of a siphon tube with an adjustable ascending part. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the adjustable siphon dispenser is made in the form of a cap siphon with an adjustable ascending part.

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