RU2765724C1 - Seeding and sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: seeding apparatus (1) for dosing grain products to the soil and seeder containing said apparatus comprise a mechanism (6) for cutting a furrow in the soil, a first assembly for dosing the first grain product, a mechanism (8) for backfilling the furrow, at least one additional dosing assembly for at least one additional grain product. The first assembly for dosing the first granular product comprises the main hopper (10), a first dosing mechanism (18) for dosing the first granular product, in communication with the above main hopper (10), the first means of supplying (19) the first granular product to the soil in the first relative dosing position (P1) formed between the mechanism (6) for cutting a furrow and the mechanism (8) for backfilling the furrow. At least one additional dosing assembly for at least one additional grain product comprises a dosing mechanism. The latter is configured to introduce at least one additional grain product in said relative dosing position (P1) and in another relative dosing position (P2) formed before said mechanism (6) for cutting a furrow, or in another relative dosing position (P3) formed after said mechanism (8) for backfilling the furrow. The additional dosing assembly therein operates jointly with the selection mechanism or contains said mechanism for introducing at least one additional grain product in any of said relative dosing positions (P1), (P2) or (P3), as well as in both said relative dosing positions (P1) and (P2), (P1) and (P3) or (P2) and (P3).

EFFECT: inventions allow for simultaneous application of several grain products in different relative positions, providing a possibility of better and broader vertical, as well as horizontal, dosing of grain products in the soil.

12 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

[0001] The present invention relates to a metering device for the simultaneous dosing of several granular products and to a planter equipped with a metering device of this type.

State of the art

[0002] In agriculture, it is common practice to treat the soil or crops with certain treatments, such as fertilizers, herbicides, or insecticides. This treatment is often carried out using spray equipment, for liquid products, or using granular dosing equipment, for products of the granular or granular type.

[0003] With regard to granular agrochemical products, they are usually applied simultaneously with the sowing of seeds and in close proximity to these seeds. This optimizes the effectiveness of the product on a seed or plant in the early stages of germination or germination. This is usually done with special equipment, including specially designed bins and a separate distribution system for each bin.

[0004] For example, document FR 1595598 describes a seed drill with a first hopper containing fertilizer and a second hopper containing seeds. The fertilizer delivery tube is located between the two seed delivery tubes, which place the seed into individual seed furrows, which are then closed using the closing rollers. The fertilizer furrow is separate from and parallel to the seed furrows. The fertilizer furrow is covered with a separate closing roller.

[0005] DE 3439476 describes a seed drill metering granular products at different heights in a furrow formed by a coulter for metering granular products. Granular products are metered into the soil through separate channels in the coulter body. The seed drill places the first grain product and then partially closes the furrow before applying the second product. It also includes a furrow backfill and compaction roller to roll the soil into the center of the partially closed furrow more than the outer furrow area before the furrow is fully backfilled. The distribution coulter of the seed drill includes a grain product guide that ensures that the second grain product is placed in the furrow either at the same depth as the first grain product or at a shallower depth in the furrow.

[0006] However, this solution has the disadvantage of limited and less than optimal vertical dosing of various granular products in the soil.

Purpose of the invention

[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a seed meter and a seed drill incorporating the seed meter that do not suffer from the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] The present invention is intended to provide an alternative to prior art solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides a solution that can be adapted to simultaneously apply multiple granular products at different relative positions, allowing for better and wider vertical as well as horizontal dosing of granular products in the soil.

The essence of the invention

[0010] The present invention relates to a metering device for metering granular products into the soil, which includes a chassis, means for cutting a furrow in the soil, means for backfilling the furrow, a first metering unit for a granular product containing a main hopper, a first metering mechanism for metering the first granular product and a second dosing mechanism for dosing the second granular product, in communication with the main hopper, means of transporting the first granular product into the soil, to the first relative dosing position (P1), located between the elements of cutting and filling the furrow, at least one additional second dosing a node for at least one additional granular product, a dosing mechanism configured to introduce at least one additional granular product in a relative dosing position (P1) and in another relative dosing position (P2) located in front of the mechanism n furrow cutting, or in another relative position (P3) of metering, located after the furrow filling mechanism, while the additional metering unit acts in conjunction with the selection mechanism, or contains it, to introduce additional granular product or products in one of the relative positions (P1) , (P2) or (P3) dosing and in both relative positions (P1) and (P2), (P1) and (P3) or (P2) and (P3) dosing.

[0011] According to specific features of the present invention, the seeding device of the present invention comprises at least one or any suitable combination of the following features:

- the sowing unit also contains means for compacting granular products introduced in the lower part of the breakup furrow, which are located behind the furrow cutting mechanism and in front of the furrow filling mechanism and in which the relative position (P1) of dosing is behind the furrow cutting mechanism and in front of the sealing elements, while additional dosing unit is made with the possibility of introducing additional granular product in an additional relative dosing position (P4) located after the sealing elements and before the furrow filling mechanism,

- an additional dosing unit consists of a second unit, or contains it, for dosing the second granular product, which contains the first additional hopper, the second dosing elements for dosing the second granular product into the soil, in communication with the first additional bin, while the second dosing unit is made with the possibility of introducing the second granular product in the relative positions (P1) and (P2) of dosing, and/or the third dosing unit for dosing the third granular product, which contains a second additional hopper (28) and a third dosing unit for dosing the third granular product into the soil, which communicate with the second additional hopper, while the third dosing unit is configured to dose the third granular product in relative dosing positions (P1), (P3) and (P4),

- second and third dosing units, which work in combination with the conveyor mechanism, or respectively contain it, which has more distribution channels, each of which corresponds to the relative position (P1)-(P3) or (P4) of the dosing and is attached to the dosing unit,

- the conveyor mechanism contains a multi-way selector valve located in the distribution unit,

- the first additional hopper is integrated or built into the main hopper,

- the first additional hopper is an independent box fixed on the main hopper so that it can be removed from the main hopper,

- the first additional bin is a separate compartment in the main bin, while the bins share one or more common panels and are separated by at least one separating panel, made with the possibility of removal or change of position,

- the removable panel is movable using one or more guides installed on the inner surfaces of one or two panels of the main hopper,

- the first and second dosing mechanisms are located on the same line with the furrow cutting mechanism,

- the first dosing unit is configured to be used for dosing seeds, and the additional dosing unit is configured to be used for dosing granular agrochemicals or granular fertilizers.

[0012] The present invention also includes a seed drill with one or more metering units according to the present invention.

Brief description of the drawings

[0013] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a side view of a seed meter according to the present invention.

In FIG. 2 shows the design of the sowing machine shown in Fig. 1, but when viewed from the other side.

In FIG. 3 is a diagram of a side view of the top of a meter according to the present invention.

In FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a close-up view of the main seed hopper of the meter according to the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

[0014] In the following description and claims, the terms "top", "bottom", "above", "under", "top", "bottom", "vertical" and "horizontal", "front" and "rear" are used , "before" and "for"; they refer to the normal position of the metering unit 1 according to the present invention and its components during normal use, and in particular they refer to its position(s) as shown in FIG. 1-4 and towards the direction (D) of movement of the meter (1).

[0015] According to the present invention, the metering unit (1) is mounted on a chassis (2) driven automatically or transported or towed by an agricultural machine, i. e. tractor. The chassis (2) comprises a front part (3) determined according to the direction of movement (D) of the metering unit (1) during normal operation, as shown in FIG. 1. For a towed sowing unit (1), it consists of a part 3 located near the rear of the agricultural machine and carrying coupling devices (4) that enable it to be reversibly connected to the agricultural machine, and a rear part (5) opposite the aforementioned front part (3).

[0016] Preferably, the connecting parts (4) comprise a working bar (41) to which the chassis (2) is connected by two pairs of substantially parallel hinged arms (42, 43) forming a double-folding, substantially horizontal parallelogram, allowing vertical adjustment sowing unit (1) along the Y'-Y axis.

[0017] The sowing unit (1) includes elements (b) for creating a furrow in the soil, preferably at an adjustable depth, which consist of or contain cutting discs, preferably also equipped with one or more gauge wheels to set the depth of the furrow in accordance with their position, and possibly also means of shaping the bottom of the furrow.

[0018] The sowing unit (1) may be provided with means (7) for compacting the granular material in the lower part of the breakup furrow. Preferably, these means (7) comprise and/or include at least one press roller.

[0019] The seeding unit (1) also includes a furrow filling mechanism (8), which is or contains one or more closing disks or wheels passing behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and behind the sealing element (7), if it present. Ideally, these elements (8) are located behind the seed meter (1).

[0020] In addition, the metering unit (1) may also be provided with a debris removal mechanism (9) to remove crop residues, clods of earth or stones, comprising at least one rotating wheel located in front of the metering unit (1).

[0021] The metering unit (1) includes a first unit for dosing a first granular product, preferably a seed or grain.

[0022] This first assembly contains a hopper (10), called the "main" hopper, configured to store and, during operation, treat the seeds to be sown, and preferably located in the upper part of the chassis (2), above, on the same level or behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and before the furrow filling mechanism (8). It can be attached to the frame (2) so that it can be easily replaced for maintenance or when using the seed meter (1), for example, with another main seed hopper (10) similar to the hopper being replaced, with another main seed hopper (10) being preferred. is pre-filled.

[0023] The main hopper (10) may be of any suitable size and shape, defining its internal volume (11). It has a rectangular shape and contains a front panel (12), a back panel (13) opposite the front panel (12), a first side panel (14), a second side panel (15) opposite the first side panel (14), a bottom panel ( 16) and a top panel (17) opposite the bottom panel (16) (FIGS. 3 and 4). The top panel (17) contains an opening or a partial opening to allow loading at least the first granular product and then closing using a movable cover made with the possibility of closing during operation.

[0024] The first dosing unit also includes a first dosing mechanism (18) for dosing the first grainy product, seeds to be sown, which communicates with the main hopper (10) through an opening, preferably closable, in the bottom panel (16) of the main bunker (10).

[0025] The first metering mechanism (18) is a separate system and is not part of the furrow cutting system (6). This mechanism (18) is not pressurized, but may contain or operate in combination with a pneumatic system, wherein the seeds are loaded separately, for example by suction or vacuum, onto a vertically arranged cellular distribution disc which rotates and releases the seeds one at a time. by blowing out or breaking the vacuum. For these purposes, the first dispensing unit may comprise or operate in combination with a suction and/or blowing mechanism.

[0026] The first metering mechanism (18) is preferably located below the main hopper (10), with a mechanism (6) located above and behind it for cutting a furrow, for example, for applying seeds by gravity.

[0027] The first metering mechanism (18) is configured to deposit the first granular products into the soil at a relative metering position (P1) directly behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6) relative to the direction (D) of movement of the metering unit (1) during normal operation, for example between two slicing discs, with position (P1) in front of the compacting mechanism (7), if present, and always in front of the furrow filling mechanism (8), in order to deposit the first granular products in the breaking furrow.

[0028] The first metering mechanism (18) preferably operates in conjunction with the first supply means (19) to guide the seeds as they fall and prevent them from falling out of the furrow, and the first supply means (19) also advantageously operates in conjunction with the means for transferring the seeds from the distribution the disc of the first metering mechanism into the first supply means (19) for transferring the seeds into the soil.

[0029] The metering unit (1) also includes at least one additional metering unit for at least one additional granular product, preferably a second and/or third metering unit for the second and/or third granular product, for introducing this additional granular product ( products) in relative positions (P1, P2, P3 and possibly P4) of dosing, which are determined according to the direction (D) of movement of the sowing unit (1) during normal operation and according to their position relative to the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and mechanism (8) for backfilling the furrow. This allows greater variability in the placement, both vertical and horizontal, of the additional granular product(s) in the furrow and in the soil.

[0030] The additional granular product can also be seeds or grains, but of a different nature than the first granular product, which provides a method of planting several crops at the same time. However, the second granular product is preferably not a seed or grain, but a granular agrochemical product or a mixture of granular products such as fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, nematocides, fungicides, pest control or other equivalent products.

[0031] The second dosing unit comprises a first hopper (20), known as an additional hopper, configured to contain and, during operation, process one or more granular agrochemical products or granular fertilizers, while the first additional hopper (20) is preferably located in top of the chassis (2) above, flush with or behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6), in front of the furrow filling mechanism (7) and ideally positioned in front of and attached to the main hopper (10) so that two hoppers (10) and (20) share a common panel.

[0032] The second metering unit includes a second metering mechanism (21) for metering the second granular product into the soil, which communicates with the first hopper (20), for example, through a hole, preferably closable, in the bottom panel of the first hopper (20).

[0033] The second metering mechanism (21) is a separate system and is not part of either the furrow cutting system (6) or the first metering mechanism (18) for the first granular product.

[0034] The second metering mechanism (21) is configured to introduce the second granular product in two different relative metering positions (P1 and/or P2) that are relative to the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and also relative to the direction (D) of movement of the sowing unit (1) according to the present invention during normal operation.

[0035] The second metering mechanism (21) is configured to introduce the second granular product at or near the metering relative position (P1) as defined for the first metering mechanism (18), i. behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and in front of the compacting mechanism (7), if present, and always before the furrow filling mechanism (8), for example, between two cutting discs, to introduce a second granular product in the breaking furrow. Thus, the second granular product is laid out in the furrow at approximately the same depth as the first granular product, in front of or behind the first granular product, close to or in close proximity to it.

[0036] This second metering mechanism (21) is also configured to introduce a second granular product at a relative metering position (P2). It is located in front of the furrow cutting mechanism (6), preferably behind the garbage collection mechanism (8) if present, and thus is located outside the furrow. This ensures that the second granular product is mixed with the topsoil when cutting the furrow. After the sowing unit (1) has passed through the soil, the second granular product may be at different depths, close to the soil surface and/or at the bottom of the furrow, as well as at different distances in the horizontal direction from the first granular product, next to the first granular product, or in close proximity to him. This allows for wider vertical as well as horizontal dosing of the second granular product compared to the first granular product, such as seeds.

[0037] Preferably, the second granular product is laid out in the furrow, at a relative metering position (P1) between every two seeds, or in close proximity to each seed, or outside the furrow on soil still to be worked, at a relative metering position (P2). This has the advantage that the second particulate product is laid out both in the metering relative position P1 and in the metering relative position P2.

[0038] The second dispensing mechanism (21) ideally operates in combination with, contains or consists of a second conveyor mechanism (22), and may also contain a transfer mechanism (23) for transferring the second granular product from the second dispensing mechanism (21) into the second conveyor mechanism (22).

[0039] The second conveyor mechanism (22) preferably comprises more distribution channels (221, 222), with each channel (221, 222) corresponding to a relative position, P1 or P2, of the dispense. These channels (221, 222) must be connected in a distribution unit (24), which is connected to and works in conjunction with the second conveyor mechanism (21) for the second granular product.

[0040] In another design, the distribution assembly (24) for the distribution channels (221, 222) extends into a single upper channel (223) connected to and operating in conjunction with the second metering mechanism (21).

[0041] The second dispensing assembly preferably includes a mechanism for selecting dispensing positions into which the second particulate product is to be dispensed. This selection mechanism may be a means for manually and/or automatically selecting one or two distribution channels (221, 222). This selection mechanism is preferably controlled by the control device.

[0042] Regardless of the design of the distribution channels (221, 222, 223), the selection mechanism should be or include a first valve, preferably a two-, three- or four-way valve, located in the distribution node (24), for distribution channels containing a second granular product.

[0043] Regardless of the design of the metering unit (1) according to the present invention, the first additional hopper (20) can be part of the main hopper (10) or built into it, which means that it takes up very little space and is highly adaptable. If the second granular product does not need to be spread into the soil, the main hopper (10) can be used for seed only, giving them more storage.

[0044] The first additional bin (20) may take the form of an independent box built into or inside the main bin (10), preferably attached to the main bin (10) so that when it is empty, it can be easily replaced by another box, which may be pre-filled with a second granular product, with the second box having the same volume as the box to be replaced, or another volume that can be selected in accordance with the needs and the required amount of the second granular product. In the case of an independent box built into the main hopper, its volume will be less than the volume of the main hopper (10), preferably suitable for passing through the opening in the top panel (17) of the main hopper (10).

[0045] The first additional hopper (20) may take the form of a separate compartment in the main hopper (10) (Fig. 3 and 4), these two hoppers (10 and 20) share one or more common partitions (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) and separated by at least one removable and movable partition (25), preferably sliding on or using one or two guides (26, 27), or several guides (26, 27), on the inner surface of one or two panels (14, 15) of the main hopper (10) (Fig. 3 and 4), which has the advantage of greater versatility, in particular, allows you to change the relative volume of the two hoppers (10 and 20) in accordance with the required amount of the first granular product and/ or the second granular product. Preferably, the baffle panel (25) is at an angle to the bottom panel (16) or the top panel (17) of the main bin (10) (FIG. 3). This provides the advantage of facilitating the flow of the granular product using gravity, as well as increasing the width of the opening for loading the granular product at the top.

[0046] The main hopper (10) and the additional hopper (20) ideally share a common bottom panel (16) containing two separate openings, each of which communicates with the first or second metering mechanisms, respectively, and which can be closed independently of each other .

[0047] In addition, the metering unit (1) preferably contains a third granular product, which is not seeds or grains, but is a granular agrochemical product or fertilizer, or a mixture of such products, including, for example, fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides , pesticides or other equivalent products.

[0048] The third metering unit comprises a second additional hopper (28) configured to contain and, during operation, hold one or more agrochemical products or granular fertilizers, which preferably differ from that/s in the first additional hopper (20). The second hopper (28) is ideally located at the top of the chassis (2) above, flush with or behind the furrow filling mechanism (7), and is located behind the main hopper (10) and attached to the main hopper (10) so that these two hoppers (10) and (28) can share a common panel.

[0049] The third metering unit includes a third metering mechanism (29) for metering the third granular product into the soil, which communicates with the second hopper (28), for example, through a hole, preferably made with the possibility of closing, in the bottom panel of the second hopper (28).

[0050] This third metering mechanism (2 9) is a separate system and is not part of either the furrow cutting system (6), the first metering mechanism (18) for the first granular product, or the second metering mechanism (21) for the second granular product .

[0051] The third metering mechanism (29) is configured to introduce the third granular product in at least two, preferably three, different metering positions (P1, P3 and/or P4). These positions must be relative to the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and furrow filling mechanism (8), and must also be determined relative to the direction (D) of movement of the metering unit (1) according to the present invention during normal operation.

[0052] This third metering mechanism (29) is configured to deliver the third granular product at or near the relative metering position ("P1") as defined for the first metering mechanism (18), i. behind the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and in front of the compacting mechanism (7), if present, and always before the furrow filling mechanism (8), e.g. between two cutting discs, for introducing a third granular product in the furrow before or after the first and/or second granular product, near or in close proximity to them. Thus, the third granular product is in the furrow at the same depth as the first granular product and possibly the second granular product, in front of or behind him/them, or near him/them.

[0053] This third metering mechanism (29) is also configured to apply the third granular product at the metering relative position (P3) after the furrow filling mechanism (8), i.e. outside the furrow, onto the soil of the filled furrow.

[0054] In a design in which the metering unit (1) includes sealing means (7) for granular products applied at the bottom of the flare furrow, the third metering unit is preferably also suitable for introducing additional granular product in an additional relative metering position (P4), located after the sealing means (7) and before the furrow closing mechanism (8). Therefore, the third granular product can be located in the furrow at different depths, at approximately the same depth as the first and/or second granular product, in front of or behind the first and/or second granular product, close to or in close proximity to them, and/or on shallower depth in the furrow, and/or on the surface of the soil in the closed furrow, i.e. outside the furrow. This allows wider vertical as well as horizontal dosing not only of the third granular product relative to the first granular product, but also relative to the second granular product if the first and second granular products are used in combination with the third granular product.

[0055] In one particular design, the third particulate product is laid out on the ground by a third conveyor mechanism (30), which ideally works in conjunction with a third transfer mechanism to transfer the third particulate product from the third metering mechanism (29).

[0056] The conveyor system (30) contains more distribution channels (301, 302, 303). Each channel (301, 302, 303) corresponds to one dosing position. The channels (301, 302, 303) converge in the distribution unit (31) which is connected to and works in conjunction with the third metering mechanism (29). In another design, the distribution assembly (31) of the distribution channels (301, 302, 303) extends into a single upper channel that is connected to and operates in conjunction with a third metering mechanism (29).

[0057] Preferably, the third dispensing mechanism includes means for selecting dispensing positions into which the third particulate product is to be deposited. These selection means may be manual and/or automatic selection of one or more distribution channels (301, 302, 303). These selection means are preferably under the control of the control device and may be identical or the same as the control device controlling the selection means of the second dispensing mechanism.

[0058] Regardless of the design of the distribution channels (301, 302, 303), the selection means is or contains a second valve, two or three ways, located in the distribution node (31) of the distribution channels (301, 302, 303) for the second granular product .

[0059] The planter according to the present invention comprises one or more sowing units (1) according to the present invention, preferably mounted on a carrier frame, and transported or towed by an agricultural machine. The carrying chassis then comprises attachment means for connecting it to/removing it from the agricultural machine that is transporting or towing it. The seed drill preferably comprises one or more wheels, ideally adjustable so that they can be raised or retracted to avoid contact with the ground, for example during maneuvering or when transporting the seed drill.

Claims (15)

1. Sowing machine (1) for dosing granular products on the ground, containing: - a mechanism (6) for cutting a furrow in the ground, - mechanism (8) for backfilling in the furrow, - the first assembly for dosing the first granular product, containing the main hopper (10), the first metering mechanism (18) for dosing the first granular product in communication with the aforementioned main bin (10), the first means for supplying (19) the first granular product to the ground in the first relative dosing position (P1) formed between the furrow cutting mechanism (6) and the furrow backfilling mechanism (8), at least one additional dosing unit for at least one additional granular product, containing a dosing mechanism configured to apply at least one additional granular product in said metering relative position (P1) and in another metering relative position (P2) formed before said furrow cutting mechanism (6) or in another metering relative position (P3) formed after said mechanism (8) for backfilling the furrow, with an additional the dosing unit operates in conjunction with the selection mechanism or contains it to introduce the specified at least one additional granular product in any of the specified relative positions (P1), (P2) or (P3) dosing, as well as in both of the specified relative positions (P1) and (P2), (P1) and (P3) or (P2) and (P3) dosing. 2. The sowing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains means (7) for compacting granular products introduced in the lower part of the breakup furrow, which are located behind the means (6) for cutting the furrow and in front of the means (8) for backfilling the furrow, while the relative position (P1) of dosing is located behind the indicated means (6) for cutting the furrow and in front of the indicated compacting means (7), while the additional dosing unit is configured to introduce additional granular product in an additional relative position (P4 ) dosing, formed after the specified sealing means (7) and before the specified means (8) for backfilling the furrow. 3. The sowing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additional dosing unit contains a second unit for dosing the second granular product or consists of the specified unit, which contains the first additional hopper (20), the second dosing mechanism (21) for dispensing said second granular product to the soil in communication with said first additional bin (20), wherein this second dosing unit is configured to introduce said second granular product in relative dosing positions (P1) and (P2), and/or a third unit for dosing of the third granular product, containing the second additional hopper (28) and the third metering mechanism (29) for dosing the third granular product on the soil, which communicate with the specified second additional hopper (28), and at the same time, the specified third dosing unit is configured to apply the specified the third granular product in the relative positions (P1), (P3) and (P4) dosing. 4. Seeding apparatus (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the second metering unit and the third metering unit act in conjunction with or respectively contain conveyor mechanisms (22, 30) consisting of several distribution channels (221, 222, 301, 302 , 303), each of which corresponds to the relative position of (P1)-(P3) or (P4) dosing and which converge in the distribution node (24, 31). 5. Seeding apparatus (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor mechanism(s) (22, 30) is equipped with a multi-way selector valve located in the distribution unit (24, 31). 6. Seeding apparatus (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 3-5, characterized in that the first additional hopper (20) is integrated or built into the main hopper (10). 7. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the first additional hopper (20) is an independent box that can be installed on the main hopper (10) and removed from it. 8. Seeding apparatus (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 3-7, characterized in that the first additional hopper (20) is a separate compartment in the main hopper (10), while these hoppers (10, 20) have one or more common partitions (12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17) and separated by at least one removable and movable dividing panel (25). 9. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the removable dividing panel (24) is movable along one or more guides (26, 27) provided on the inner surface of one or two panels (14, 15) main bunker (10). 10. Seeding apparatus (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 3-9, characterized in that the first metering mechanism (18) and the second metering mechanism (21) are located in line with the mechanism (6) for cutting the furrow. 11. Seeding apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dosing unit is used for dosing seeds, and the additional dosing unit is used for dosing granular agrochemicals or granular fertilizers. 12. Ordinary seeder containing one or more seeding units (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11.

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