RU2764407C1 - Method for drainage equipment of roads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of road building and, in particular, to rain water drainage apparatuses. When preparing the roadway for laying the surface thereon, the space along the roadside, and under the curb, if present, is filled with a sand and gravel mixture (SGM), forming a drainage along the road in the form of a trench filled with SGM. When installing a road curb bordering the road, elongated lattice reinforced concrete "board" elements are laid simultaneously over the SGM, thereby forming a drainage apparatus. Road flows roll down the road surface to the roadsides and enter the roadside drainage through the lattice elements, through which said flows flow down the slope, thereby preventing road flooding. In the absence of a curb, instead of ditches, roadside drainage is provided along the roadsides and streets of populated areas, as in the case of a curb, and framing reinforced concrete lattice elements are laid. In order to reduce the intensity of flows, the apparatus of accumulating traps is made at a certain pitch along the roads in the form of an SGM filling across the road surface, over the entire width of the SGM filling of a corresponding volume located in the mass of the road base, over the entire width of the roadway along a length of 3 to 6 meters, with a depth of approximately 2.0 m (based on the depth of freezing with heaving soils in the base), covering this area with lattice reinforced concrete elements.

EFFECT: invention provides a possibility of reducing the risk of road flooding; contaminated flows of water from the roads, passing through the SGM drainage, are purified naturally and enter rivers already purified, and the drainage itself is also purified naturally by microbial flora; rain flows and snow melt water, passing through the drainage, are intensively infiltrated deep into the soil.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The proposal relates to the field of road construction and, in particular, is associated with solving the problems of storm water.

Recently, the country, and in the world, and in general, are facing powerful floods from excessive precipitation, which occur more and more often. And we see how cities are flooded, storm sewers cannot cope with the flows (often, unfortunately, at that time it is clogged and does not perform its function properly).

Known roads [1] (^oneRoads - TSB, third edition, 1972, Moscow, publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia", vol. 8, p. 459): for example, main roads with various coatings (concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.) with roadside ditches with both sides, into which rain and melt water roll off the roads. Such roads are also available in urban areas and even without ditches and without organized stormwater drainage.

Also known are road pavements [2] ( ² Pavement (covering) TSB, the same, p. 460) of city streets, and usually bordered by curbs along the sides, and can be equipped with storm sewers.

Precipitation falling on the road surface, rolling on the sides, creates water flows along the slope along the curb.

If the roads are equipped (storm), then these flows merge into the receiving wells of the storm sewer.

But sometimes even an unblocked storm sewer pipe cannot cope with the drainage, and the roads (carriageway) are flooded excessively, and depending on the terrain and topography, this has been happening more and more often in some places lately.

The objective of the proposed technical solutions is to reduce the harmful effects of these natural disasters.

The solution lies in the fact that when preparing the roadbed for laying a coating on it, along the side of the road, and if there is a curb, then under it, a bed of sand and gravel mixture (SGM) is arranged, forming a drainage along the road in the form of a trench filled with SGM. Can be combined with storm water.

When installing a road curb bordering the road, elongated lattice reinforced concrete elements “board” are simultaneously laid, which are also laid according to the ASG, thereby forming a road frame with these reinforced concrete gratings and all this together, in aggregate, should be considered - drainage arrangement of roads. And the road flows roll down the road surface to the shoulders and through the gratings of the road frieze fall into the roadside drainage and rush along the drainage and flow down the slope, thereby saving the roads from flooding.

Drainage, like a sponge, instantly absorbs the flow. Even drainage of a small section (for example, 500 * 500 = 0.25 m ² ) is able to absorb precipitation of 10 mm falling on the road in seconds, but drainage can be provided for a much larger section. In addition, as the water flow moves along the drainage, intensive infiltration into the soil occurs at the same time, which is especially valuable, because. leaves water on the territory, and it enters the rivers gradually and for a long time contributes to high water.

It is also proposed to arrange for a possible reduction in street flows on roads with a certain step (50450 m) accumulating traps (as they can be called) in the form of a road base located in the massif, the corresponding volume of filling from ASG (sand-gravel mixture) for the entire width of the road canvases 3-6 meters long, about 2.0 m deep (according to the freezing depth with heaving soils at the base) with the covering of this zone with lattice reinforced concrete elements (similar to frieze). These accumulating traps should be arranged along the streets adjacent to the highways, and it is also possible along the main roads in conjunction with the lateral frieze-drainage arrangement in the absence of storm sewers along them.

When setting up traps along secondary streets adjacent to highways, water flows are significantly reduced, saving them from flooding.

Thus, the usefulness of such an arrangement lies in the fact that: 1) the risk of flooding of roads is reduced; 2) the flows through the drainage slide into the rivers and this happens more slowly than through the storm sewer, which is a positive moment, because. in some way reduces the water level in the rivers at the time of precipitation and water from the drainage in the rivers appears much later, when the flood subsided; 3) in addition, polluted water flows from the roads, passing through the drainage from the SGM, are naturally cleaned and the already cleaned ones get into the rivers, and the purification of the drainage itself also occurs naturally by the microbial flora; 4) rain flows and melt water, passing through the drainage, intensively infiltrating deep into the soil, and a significant amount of water remains in the territories, and this, perhaps even most importantly, raises the level of groundwater. And groundwater constantly (slowly) feeds the rivers, contributing to their high water; 5) the presence of lateral drainage prevents the soil under the road bed from being soaked when snow melts, and it is always in a drained state, which makes it possible to abandon restrictions in the spring.

The above solution is illustrated in the figures:

see fig. 1, where pos. 1 - road surface, pos. 2 - road curb, pos. 3 - oblong road reinforced concrete lattice element (belt), pos. 4 - drainage from ASG, pos. 5 - road base, pos. 6 - vegetation cover, pos. 7 - a hollow at the junction with the curb.

It is imperative to arrange hollows in the junctions, since they, filling with water, overflowing with already clarified water, do not pollute the paths and sidewalks.

When building roads without curbs, they can only be framed with a road frieze for the same purpose.

See fig. 2, where pos. 1 - road surface, pos. 4 - drainage, pos. 8 - roadside frieze, pos. 9 - turf curb.

In FIG. 3 gives options for reinforced concrete road gratings (to pos. 3, pos. 8).

This can also be done along sidewalks.

In FIG. 4 shows an accumulating trap in the form of an ASG bedding, where pos. 2 - curb (in plan), pos. 10 - accumulation trap, pos. 11 - reinforced concrete lattice coating, pos. 12 - asphalt concrete pavement

Claims (1)

A method of arranging roads, including preparing the base of the roadbed and sidewalk, laying the road surface and, if necessary, the curb, characterized in that along the side of the road along its edges from the side of the carriageway, and when the curb is made along it, trenches are made in the base of the roadbed , which are filled with a sand-gravel mixture to form drainage for drainage and water infiltration deep into the soil, while reinforced concrete lattice elements are laid over the trenches, and in the road base array, over the entire width of the road surface with a step of 50-150 m, accumulating traps are made in the form of backfill volume from a sand and gravel mixture, which are covered with reinforced concrete lattice elements laid across the entire roadway.

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