RU2759609C1 - Node of water supply facilities of block-modular type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of water supply and sanitation. Elements of the node are placed in the node of water supply facilities. As structures in which the elements of the node are placed, block modules are used, made of sections formed of pipes and having hatches for emergency and preventive work. The node of water supply facilities includes “dry” and “wet” compartments separated by a partition. Equipment is placed in the “dry” compartments, and the “wet” ones are containers for water supply. The pipe sections are made of fiberglass and have the configuration of a straight section with a tee, and/or a straight section with a rounded turn, and/or a curved section with an offset along the centerline.

EFFECT: improvement of technical and operational characteristics is provided.

14 cl, 6 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water supply and water disposal devices, namely to units of water supply facilities of block-modular type.

In recent years, the global construction industry has shown steady trends towards achieving greater economic efficiency, increasing the efficiency of land use, and reducing construction time. When arranging water supply and sewerage systems, the most labor-intensive and material-intensive work is the construction of various kinds and purposes of capacitive water supply facilities, which include:

- pumping stations;

- pressure control devices (water storage tanks);

- facilities for placing equipment at water intake facilities;

- water treatment and water treatment plants.

Currently, various water storage tanks and pumping stations have been developed and are used in water supply systems, which differ from each other in purpose, in design, in materials and equipment used [1]. The choice of the type of reservoir for storing water reserves, its design features and location on the ground are based on calculations of the joint operation of pumping stations and the network, taking into account local conditions and technological requirements [2].

One of the ways to increase economic efficiency in the design of technological capacitive water supply facilities, arranged on the main water pipelines, is the technological method of combining separately located main and auxiliary structures into a single block-module.

Known, for example, a block-modular water intake unit (https://productcenter.ru/products/68519/blochno-modulnyi-vodozabornyi-uziel-vzu). A block-modular water intake unit (VZU) is a block-modular building, which includes a complex of engineering equipment for taking water from wells, cleaning it and transporting it to household drinking water supply and fire extinguishing systems. The main advantages are: maximum factory readiness, mobility These block modules have dimensions that allow transportation by road and rail, short installation times at the facility and commissioning, significant savings in construction in comparison with capital construction. The standard set of equipment includes: mechanical cleaning, deep cleaning, deferrization, reverse osmosis, UV disinfection, a second lift pumping station, an automatic fire extinguishing station, an automation and dispatching system for remote monitoring. Source: https://productcenter.ru.

Known modular stations, produced by LLC Chelyabinsk plant of mobile power plants and structures. They are a functionally completed product of full factory readiness, structurally designed as an independent product and, depending on their purpose, include a complete set of technological equipment installed in a specially designed structure (block-box) or on a base frame. Fire extinguishing stations, pumping stations, water treatment stations are manufactured in modular design (https://chzmek.ru/files/catalog_chzmek_ru.pdf).

The disadvantage of the known structures is that they do not provide water reservoirs, which must be placed separately. They are also made in the form of free-standing structures on the surface of the earth, the design of which does not take into account the various terrain reliefs on which it is necessary to install such block-modules. There are strict requirements for the preparation of foundations and foundations for such structures.

Known technical solutions providing for the combination in one housing compartment for filling with water and a dry compartment for placing equipment.

Thus, the patent RU for utility model No. 139543 (IPC A62C 35/00, publ. 20.04.2014) "Fire-fighting device with submersible pumps and reservoirs" is known. A fire-fighting device comprising a housing made of waterproof fiberglass and intended to be placed below the surface of the earth, a partition installed inside the housing and dividing it into a compartment for filling with water and a dry compartment, two wells, each of which is respectively connected to a compartment for filling with water and to the dry compartment, the main pump, equipped with a float device to turn it off, and a jockey pump installed in the compartment for filling with water and connected by pressure pipelines through the partition and through the wall of the dry compartment body with a pressure header located outside the body, while the pressure pipe of the main the pump and the pressure pipe of the jockey pump are connected in the dry compartment, and in the pressure pipeline of the main pump, in front of the junction of the pressure pipeline of the main pump and the pressure pipeline of the jockey pump, a check valve and a shutoff valve are installed, the dry compartment is equipped with an electric switch cabinet, mouth installed inside the dry compartment, at least one water tank is introduced, equipped with a submersible pump, which is connected by a pressure pipeline to the pressure pipeline in the dry compartment behind the junction of the pressure pipeline of the main pump and the pressure pipeline of the jockey pump relative to the partition, and at least one an additional water tank, free from a submersible pump and equipped with a pipe located in the lower part outside the additional water tank and in the lower part of the compartment for filling with water outside the body, and the internal volume of the additional water tank is communicated with the internal volume of the compartment for filling with water through a pipe ...

Also known is a patent RU for a useful model No. 139240 (IPC A62C 35/00, publ. 04/10/2014) "Fire-fighting device with submersible pumps." A fire-fighting device comprising a housing made of waterproof fiberglass and intended to be placed below the surface of the earth, a partition installed inside the housing and dividing it into a compartment for filling with water and a dry compartment, two wells, each of which is respectively connected to a compartment for filling with water and to the dry compartment, the main pump, equipped with a float device to turn it off, and a jockey pump installed in the compartment for filling with water and connected by pressure pipelines through the partition and through the wall of the dry compartment body with a pressure header located outside the body, while the pressure pipe of the main the pump and the pressure pipe of the jockey pump are connected in the dry compartment, and in the pressure pipeline of the main pump, in front of the junction of the pressure pipeline of the main pump and the pressure pipeline of the jockey pump, a check valve and a shutoff valve are installed, the dry compartment is equipped with an electric switch cabinet, mouth installed inside the dry compartment, at least one water tank is introduced, equipped with a submersible pump, which is connected by a pressure pipeline to the pressure pipeline in the dry compartment behind the junction of the pressure pipeline of the main pump and the pressure pipeline of the jockey pump relative to the partition.

The disadvantages of the known solution are:

- lack of versatility, due to the limited design options,

- the impossibility of increasing (decreasing) the volume of the "wet" part of the structure without the use of additional capacitive structures located separately from the main ones, as well as without the use of additional connecting communications,

- limited scope for the intended purpose of the device (not applicable for household and drinking needs).

The closest analogue is a technical solution according to patent document ES 2317812 A1 (hereinafter - D1), publ. 04/16/2009, 15 pages in total, which reveals a unit of water supply structures with the elements of the unit placed in these structures, and as structures in which the elements of the unit are located, block modules made of sections made of pipes are used.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- lack of versatility, due to the limited design options,

- the impossibility of increasing (decreasing) the volume of the "wet" part of the structure without the use of additional capacitive structures located separately from the main ones, as well as without the use of additional connecting communications,

- limited scope for the intended purpose of the device (not applicable for household and drinking needs), due to the impossibility of meeting the requirements for physical, technical and chemical properties to the structural elements of the unit.

Thus, the technical problem that exists at the present time is the lack of structures for the units of water supply facilities that would combine low cost, high reliability, versatility, reduction in the time and cost of installation, as well as ease of maintenance, maintainability of standard elements and reduction in operating costs. It is at the solution of this technical problem that the creation of the proposed technical solution is aimed.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to improve the technical and operational characteristics, namely, to ensure versatility, ease of construction and operation, while increasing environmental friendliness and safety of use.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the node of waterworks with the elements of the node located in these structures, and as structures in which the elements of the node are located, block modules are used, made of sections made of pipes and having hatches for emergency and preventive work , the unit of waterworks includes "dry" and "wet" compartments, separated by a partition, and equipment is placed in the "dry" compartments, and the "wet" compartments are containers for water storage, the pipe sections are made of fiberglass and have the configuration of a straight section with a tee , and / or a straight section with a rounded turn, and / or a curved section with an offset along the center line.

Additional differences of the proposed device are:

- pumping units and / or power supply, control and automation boards and / or instrumentation and / or water metering units and / or shut-off and control valves and / or absorbent filters are used as the equipment of the unit, and / or hydraulic units, such as turbines, and / or generators, and / or control systems, and / or the head of a water intake well, and / or a unit for water treatment, purification and disinfection of water, and / or a device for extinguishing a water hammer,

- use pumping units located in the "wet" compartment,

- use fiberglass pipes with a diameter of 2.0 ÷ 4.0 m.

- the block-module has a plug at the end,

- there is a door or hatch on the plug.

Reducing the construction time involves the use of new modern materials and innovative methods for the construction of various objects, for example, combining individual elements and structures into a block-module makes it possible to manufacture a block-module compartment with all the required technological equipment connected by engineering networks into a single whole in the factory, and supply it to the construction site in a ready-to-use form.

For the manufacture of pre-fabricated water-supply capacitive structures of a block-modular type, the authors propose to use polymer pipes and fittings made of fiberglass, used as enclosing structures. The main advantages of these pipes are as follows:

- in terms of physical, physical-mechanical and chemical properties, they are most suitable for the manufacture of enclosing structures of tank water supply facilities;

- the possibility of installing an impermeable partition inside the pipe for dividing the internal volume into "dry" and "wet" parts;

- the possibility of increasing (decreasing) the internal volume of both "dry" and "wet" parts of the block module at the lowest cost in the shortest possible time;

- simplicity and high speed of assembly from individual elements into a single structure of a block-modular tank structure;

- interchangeability of individual elements (blocks) of enclosing structures of tank water supply facilities;

- the possibility of constructing capacitive water supply facilities of various configurations to ensure the required internal volume;

- the possibility of laying pipes without preparing a special base.

After evaluating the physical, physicomechanical and chemical properties of various materials, given in table. 1, it should be noted that fiberglass, like PVC, has a low specific gravity, high resistance to corrosion, stray currents and bio-growth. But at the same time, fiberglass, in comparison with PVC, is a more resistant material in relation to destructive stresses. This fact is confirmed by the results of laboratory tests.

Depending on the purpose of water pipelines and their circuit solutions, block modules may contain water supply equipment for various purposes, for example:

- block-module of a reservoir (utility-drinking, fire-fighting or combined), combined with a pumping station (mini hydroelectric power station);

- a block-module of a reservoir (utility-drinking, fire-fighting or combined), combined with a water intake well and (or) a water metering unit;

- a block-module of a tank (utility-drinking, fire-fighting or combined), combined with a pumping station and a water treatment station.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following graphic materials:

fig. 1, which shows an impermeable baffle dividing the internal volume of the pipe into "dry" and "wet" parts, where:

a - outside view;

b - inside view;

1 - waterproof partition;

fig. 2, which shows an example of increasing the volume of a block module using additional sections;

fig. 3, which shows the types of main sections made of fiberglass pipes, where:

2 - straight section;

3 - straight section with a partition;

4 - tee;

5 - bend (turn);

6 - indent;

7 - plug;

8 - plug with a door;

9 - plug with a mounting hatch;

fig. 4, which shows examples of the configuration of block modules assembled from basic elements;

fig. 5, which shows the installation of a partial burial block module with earth embankment;

fig. 6, which presents a variant of the proposed layout of the unit of water supply facilities with 2 block modules, with a total volume of 500 m ³ .

The new design of the block-modular unit was developed using fiberglass pipes with a diameter of 3.0 m, a feature of this design is the presence of an internal impermeable partition dividing the tank body into 2 compartments: a "wet" compartment and a "dry" compartment. FIG. 1 shows an impermeable baffle dividing the internal volume of the pipe into "dry" and "wet" parts.

The "wet" unexploited compartment of a block-modular reservoir is designed to accumulate the required volume of water of the required quality. The volume of the "wet" compartment of the fire-fighting block-module is determined from the calculation of the water supply for the needs of the fire-extinguishing system of the facility, and the household and drinking block-module - according to the sum of the water consumption for the household and drinking needs and emergency consumption.

The "dry" operated compartment of block-modules contains: shut-off and control valves, pumping units, absorbent filters (for household and drinking block-modules), control and automation boards, control and measuring devices. Pumping units, depending on the purpose of the block-modular reservoir, can be located both in the "dry" operated compartment, and directly in the "wet" unexploited compartment [5].

The volume of the "wet" and "dry" parts of the tank of a block-modular type can be increased or decreased by changing the number and type of individual sections. An example of increasing the volume of a block module by adding two additional sections is shown in FIG. 2, and the main structural elements (pipes and fittings) manufactured at the factory are shown in FIG. 3.

Due to the use of fittings made from fiberglass pipes in the factory, a high installation speed and ease of assembly of block-modular tanks, as well as other capacitive water supply structures, are achieved.

Depending on local conditions, on the size of the site allocated for the placement of structures, on the purpose of the structure, as well as on the presence and number of various individual elements of the technological scheme in the structure, tank-type water supply facilities of the block-modular type to provide the required internal volume of the compartments can be performed in different configurations. FIG. 4 shows the options for the layout of a block-modular structure, in some cases, for placing the equipment included in the structure, the layout options can be performed as single-plane (options a and b), and two-plane (option c).

One of the most difficult and time-consuming processes in the construction of capacitive water supply facilities, the traditional method is the construction of foundations for separately placed elements within the construction site. A distinctive feature in the construction of block-modular structures is that for their laying and assembly at the installation site, no additional devices are required, but only a conventional crushed stone base is sufficient.

FIG. 5 shows a variant of installing a block-module of partial burial with an embankment with a layer of soil.

Block modules can be buried in the ground in whole or in part with an embankment with a layer of soil, which provides thermal insulation of the tanks.

In the process of implementing various projects of main water pipelines, a comparison was made of 2 options for the layout of the technological unit of water supply facilities with a total volume of 500 m ³ :

- a variant of the typical layout of a unit of waterworks from separately located structures: 2 utility and drinking tanks [4], a booster pumping station, NS, rooms for filter-absorbers FP and a transformer substation TP;

- a variant of the proposed layout of the unit of water supply facilities with 2 block-modules, consisting of utility and drinking reservoirs with a volume of 500 m ³ , combined with a booster pump station NS, filter-absorbers FP and transformer substation TP (Fig. 6).

The minimum area of a section of water supply facilities according to the variant of the typical layout is Smin = 46 × 26 = 1196 m ² , at the same time, according to the variant with block-modules - Smin = 33 × 24 = 792 m ² . The area was reduced by 404 m ² , while the number of on-site networks, as well as the capital costs of their installation, decreased [5].

The use of the proposed (with a single block-module) layout of the technological unit of water supply facilities makes it possible to reduce:

- overall dimensions of the site for the technological unit - by 30-45%;

- the cost of construction and installation work - 1.5-2 times;

- terms of construction and installation works - 3-5 times.

Mobility during delivery to the location and quick installation of units of block-modular water supply facilities will reduce capital costs during the construction of new and reconstruction of existing water supply and sewerage facilities.

LITERATURE

1. SNiP 2.04.02-84 *. Water supply. External networks and facilities. Ministry of Construction of Russia. - M .: GPCPP, - 1985 .-- 128 p.

2. Kuzmin Yu.M., Koshelev G.N. Water supply. Part 1. Water supply of objects of combined arms construction. LVVISKU, 1981.

3. Shipilov A.A., Skudneva I.A. Design of water storage tanks for seismic areas. // Technologies for water purification "TECHNOVOD-2016": materials of the IX Int. scientific-practical conf .; Rostov-on-Don, October 5-7, 2016 / Yuzh.-Ros. state Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I. Platova - Novocherkassk: "Lik", 2016., p. 119-123.

4. Typical project 901-4-95 P. 86. “Rectangular reinforced concrete prefabricated water tank with a capacity of 100 ... 250 m3 (with the use of industrial buildings) seismicity 9 points.

5. Shipilov A.A., Uskov K.A., Gorobets A.Yu. Experience in the design of main pipeline water supply and sewerage systems in special mountain climatic conditions. // The magazine "Military engineer" №4 (10), 2018, p. 20-2

Claims (14)

1. A node of waterworks with the elements of the node placed in these structures, and as structures in which the elements of the node are located, block modules are used, made of sections made of pipes and having hatches for emergency and preventive work, characterized in that the unit of water supply facilities includes "dry" and "wet" compartments, separated by a partition, and equipment is placed in the "dry" compartments, and the "wet" compartments are containers for water supply, the pipe sections are made of fiberglass and have the configuration of a straight section with a tee, and / or a straight section with a rounded turn, and / or a curved section with an offset along the center line. 2. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that pumping units are used as the equipment of the unit. 3. Node according to claim 1, characterized in that power supply, control and automation boards are used as the equipment of the node. 4. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that instrumentation and / or metering units for water consumption and / or shut-off and control valves are used as the equipment of the assembly. 5. A unit according to claim 1, characterized in that filter-absorbers are used as equipment. 6. A unit according to claim 1, characterized in that hydraulic units such as turbines and / or generators and / or control systems are used as equipment. 7. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the head of the water well is used as the equipment. 8. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for water treatment, purification and disinfection of water is used as equipment. 9. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that a device for extinguishing a water hammer is used as equipment. 10. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that fiberglass pipes with a diameter of 2.0 ÷ 4.0 m are used. 11. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the block-module has a plug at the end. 12. The assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the door is located on the plug. 13. The assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that a hatch is located on the plug. 14. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that pumping units are located in the "wet" compartment.

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