RU2753926C1 - Two-bath reverbatory furnace with a forehearth for remelting aluminium scrap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a two-bath reverbatory furnace with a forehearth for remelting aluminium scrap. The furnace comprises a body formed by fire-resistant external side, front and rear end walls, two inclined platforms, two baths defined by hearths, arch and walls, two tapholes in the rear end wall made in quick-change reinforced taphole bricks, a gas duct, a welded frame and a reinforced concrete base whereon everything is placed, an economiser and a dust and gas purification system containing a mixing chamber, a smoke pump and a five-section dust and gas purification unit. The frame is laid on the inside with lightweight ShL-0.4 bricks with a double heat insulation layer of silica fibreglass KT-11-13, the frame is installed on a concrete base reinforced with a steel grate, welded from corners and sheet steel, with an additive in the concrete in the form of asbestos chips. The hearths of the two baths and the inclined platforms are made of corundum blocks KS-95 laid on the three layers of silica fibreglass KT-11-13 with padding of dry silica sand, the inclined platforms and the hearths of the two baths are separated by a wall, a steel box welded to the frame of the furnace with heat insulation between said box and each wall, consisting of fireclay chips, fire resistant wool, a triple layer of silica fibreglass KT-11-13 and asbestos chips, arches over the inclined platforms, a layer with double heat insulation lining coating above the first and second baths of the furnace, a double layer of silica fibreglass KT-11-13 is laid thereon, laid whereon is a double layer of fire-resistant lightweight bricks of the ShL-0.4 brand. The furnace has stacks made in the rear wall, four working windows, wherein two of said windows are slag windows, an apparatus for lifting and lowering the gate of the working and slag windows of the furnace with an electric drive, injection two-row 22-mixer medium pressure burner in each side wall, two injection two-row 22-mixer medium pressure burners in the rear wall, inclined at an angle to the hearths, two injection 22-mixer medium pressure burners in each large arch, a forehearth formed by fire resistant external side, front and rear end walls, with a bath defined by a hearth, arch and walls, three tapholes and a stack, wherein the welded frame of the forehearth has a top layer of silica fibreglass CT-11-13, six layers laid with lighweight bricks, and four layers of silica fibreglass CT-11-13 laid between the layers of lightweight bricks, wherein the hearth blocks KS-95 of the forehearth are laid on the four layers of silica fibreglass CT-11-13 and padding of dry silica sand, two injection 22-mixer medium pressure burners are installed in the arch of the forehearth inclined at an angle of 65° to the hearth, the forehearth has a slag window located in the side wall.

EFFECT: high productivity of the furnace, reduction in the heat and melting losses, and a possibility of environmentally sustainable remelting of aluminium scrap are provided.

10 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy, namely to melting units for remelting secondary aluminum scrap and waste aluminum alloys into ingots and ingots. The furnace can be used for refining, obtaining alloys, averaging the chemical composition of scrap.

Known analogue - a two-chamber reflective furnace for remelting aluminum scrap (Information source MS Shklyar "Furnaces of secondary non-ferrous metallurgy", ed. "Metallurgy", 1987. pp. 35-37), containing a body formed by the brickwork of the outer walls, as in the declared furnace, two baths, bounded by hearths and walls, two vaults, a drain tap and a gas duct.

The furnace is designed for remelting secondary aluminum and has the following disadvantages:

1. The second melting chamber acts as a mixer (moneybox), which ultimately reduces the productivity of the furnace.

2. The stove has insufficient thermal insulation of walls and vaults.

3. The oven does not have an economizer.

4. The furnace does not have a dust and gas cleaning system and during operation will pollute the environment with harmful emissions.

5. The hearth lining furnace uses conventional refractory bricks rather than hearth blocks, which greatly increases the furnace life.

6. It follows from the description of the furnace that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

Known analogue - a two-bath reflective furnace (Information source MS Shklyar "Furnaces of secondary non-ferrous metallurgy", ed. "Metallurgy", 1987. pp. 87-89), containing a body formed by the brickwork of the outer walls as in the declared furnace, two baths, limited by hearths, vaults and walls, drain tapes and gas ducts. I believe that the stove, taken as an analogue, has the following disadvantages:

1. The stove has insufficient thermal insulation of walls and vaults.

2. The furnace does not have a dust and gas cleaning system and during operation will pollute the environment with harmful emissions.

3. The hearth lining furnace uses conventional refractory bricks rather than hearth blocks, which greatly extend the life of the furnace.

4. From the description of the furnace it follows that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

5. The furnace uses two stationary troughs to drain the molten metal.

6. The oven does not have an economizer.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

Known analogue - a two-tank reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap (Source of information V.A. two baths, limited by hearths, vaults and walls, gas ducts, drain tapes. I believe that the oven, taken as a prototype, has the following disadvantages:

1. The oven does not have an economizer.

2. In the furnace for lining the hearths, bottom blocks of OIRFP are used, and not bottom blocks of KS-95, which significantly increase the service life of the furnace.

3. It follows from the description of the furnace that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

4. The furnace uses two stationary troughs to drain the molten metal.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

The objective of the invention is to create a high-performance gas two-bath reflective type furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap, having an economizer, which makes it possible to reduce emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere, reduce heat losses to the environment, and increase its service life.

EFFECT: developed gas two-bath reflective type furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap is highly efficient, has a long service life and an economizer, which makes it possible to reduce heat losses to the environment due to thermal insulation, to conduct the remelting process on natural and artificial draft with a dust and gas cleaning system, which makes its environmentally friendly. The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a two-bath furnace for remelting aluminum scrap, containing a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, two baths (first and second), limited by hearths, arches and walls, drain tap holes and a gas duct , according to the proposed invention, a welded frame is introduced, lined inside with a lightweight brick ШЛ-0.4 with a double heat-insulating layer of silica fiberglass fabric KT-11-13, two inclined platforms, the bottom of two baths are made of corundum blocks KS-95 stacked on three layers of silica fiberglass KT-11-13 and padded with dry quartz sand. Three layers of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, padding of dry quartz sand, lightweight SHL-0.4 brick of the frame with a double heat-insulating layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass allow you to additionally maintain the temperature of the metal on inclined platforms and in furnace baths, reduce losses heat. Corundum blocks KS-95 have high refractoriness and resistance and allow to increase the service life of the furnace (the service life according to practical data is 8.5-9 years). The use of corundum blocks KS-95 instead of conventional piece products can reduce the number of seams, which reduces gas permeability and increases slag resistance of the lining; to obtain cost savings, since the process of pre-production of piece refractories is eliminated, to speed up the process of building a furnace and to reduce the proportion of manual labor.

In addition, a two-channel reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap (hereinafter referred to as the furnace) has in each side wall an injection two-row twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burner directed at an angle of 20 ° to the inclined platform of the furnace and at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the furnace, as well as two injection two-row twenty-two-mixing medium-pressure burners located in the rear wall, directed at an angle of 35 ° to the hearth, in addition, in each large vault there are two injection twelve medium-pressure mixing burners, with one directed at an angle of 70 ° to an inclined platform, and the second under an angle of 75 ° to the hearth of the oven.

In this case, each injection two-row twenty-two-mixing burner of medium pressure contains a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel, a refractory ramming mass, mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber, and the burner also contains a casing welded to the gas distribution chamber.

It should be noted that each mixer of the upper row of a two-row twenty-two-mixing medium-pressure burner is a casting and is a pipe made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ChKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which four nozzles with a diameter of 1.7 mm are drilled along the periphery. an angle of 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer at the end on the inner surface for a length of 275 mm there are 12 cast ribs, the cast ribs on the side of movement of the gas-air mixture have a lead-in the "sharpening" part is 5 mm long, the "sharpening" angle is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4.5 mm, the length of the torch of the mixers of the upper row is 3.1 meters.

In this case, each mixer of the lower row of a two-row twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burner is a casting and is a pipe made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which four nozzles with a diameter of 1.7 mm are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while the mixers of the lower row make it possible to obtain the torch length of the lower row up to 1.7 meters.

It is important to note that each twelve medium-pressure mixing burners contains a flame-stabilizing tunnel, a refractory ramming mass, 12 cylindrical mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes, while the burner contains a casing welded to the cylindrical gas distribution chamber, into which the refractory ramming mass is packed, in the cylindrical gas distribution chamber, on its periphery, there are five mixers without nozzles and three mixers with screw nozzles, in which 12 ribs are made, and in the central part (along a smaller diameter) there are two mixers with nozzles and two mixers without nozzles, moreover, the burner contains a device for regulating the air flow.

With all this, in all burners the mixers, stabilizing the flame of the tunnels, nozzles for the mixers are cast from corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ChKh28 chem. composition C = 0.5-1.6%; Si = 0.5-1.5%; Mn up to 1.0%; P up to 0.1%; S up to 0.08%; Cr = 25-30%, the rest Fe. Burners with mixers made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ЧХ28 are highly reliable and have a long service life.

In addition, the refractory ramming mass of the burners has the following composition: mullite-corundum mortar MMKB-7% GOST 6137-2015..42%; technical lignosulfonate TU 13 - 0281036 - 89..12%; powder of ground clay PGNU TU 1522 - 051 - 05802299 -2005..22%; aluminoborophosphate binder ABS TU 6-18 - 166 - 83..4%; quartz sand grade T GOST 22551-77 ... 8% .; water..12%.

It is important to note that the proposed arrangement of the burners allows achieving a high melting rate, reducing waste, as well as loading an uncontaminated charge through two working windows (they also act as slag windows) located in the side walls on the bottom of the first and second baths, in addition to loading the contaminated charge through two working windows in the front wall into two inclined platforms and quickly remelt the entire charge due to the heat of four two-row twenty-eight mixing burners and four injection twelve medium pressure mixing burners, and the thermal power of all injection burners installed in the furnace is 14900 kW, which makes the furnace highly efficient , allowing to conduct a forced melting mode.

Moreover, the furnace is laid out in a steel box and has thermal insulation between it and each wall, consisting of chamotte chips, refractory wool, a triple layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass and asbestos chips. This thermal insulation reduces heat loss and saves gas. It is important to note that the vaults above the inclined platforms, as well as above the first and second baths of the furnace, have a layer with a double heat-insulating coating, on top of it there is a double layer of silica glass cloth KT-11-13, on which a double layer of refractory lightweight brick of the SHL-0 brand is laid, 4. This design solution significantly reduces heat loss to the environment.

In addition, the furnace has four working windows, two of which can act as a slag window and two tap holes in the rear wall. Four working windows allow for quick loading of the furnace, and two tap holes for quick discharge of the deposited metal, which makes the furnace highly efficient.

Moreover, the device for raising and lowering the working gate, as well as the slag window of the furnace, contains an electric drive in the form of a gear motor containing a double block of rollers and two single blocks of rollers connected by a flexible connection in the form of chains to each other and a counterweight, while the shafts of a double and single blocks of rollers are fixed in the longitudinal channels of the furnace with the provision of movement of the damper along the water-cooled box and with the possibility of adjusting its position from the control panel, and the water-cooled box with a chain forms an angle of 1 degree with the vertical, further, the damper contains a U-shaped box with internal ribs and a lid made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ChKh28 with ribs and conical cavities lined with refractory corundum ramming mass. The design of the drive and damper ensures the tightness of the furnace and reduces the loss of metal and heat to the environment.

In this case, the furnace is installed on a concrete pedestal reinforced with a steel lattice, welded from 120 × 120 angles and sheet steel 4 mm thick, moreover, in the concrete of the pedestal there is an additive in the form of asbestos chips, which reduces heat loss from the furnace.

It should be noted that the furnace has a piggy bank formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bath bounded by the hearth, vault and walls, three drain holes and a gas duct, and the welded frame of the piggy bank has an upper layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, six layers laid out of lightweight bricks, as well as four layers of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, while the bottom blocks of the KS-95 piggy bank are laid on four layers of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, and lining of dry quartz sand. Thermal insulation, consisting of an upper layer of KT-11-13 silica glass cloth, six layers of lightweight fireclay bricks, four layers of KT-11-13 silica glass cloth, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, allows you to maintain the temperature of the metal in the bath of the piggy bank, and the bottom blocks of KS-95 , laid on four layers of KT-11-13 silica glass cloth and padding of dry quartz sand, have high refractoriness and durability and allow to increase the service life of the piggy bank.

Further, in the arch of the piggy bank obliquely at an angle of 65 ° to the bottom, two injection twelve medium pressure mixing burners are installed.

Moreover, the furnace has two slag windows located in the side walls, and the piggy bank has a slag window located in the side wall, while the device for raising and lowering the slag window flap of the piggy bank has the same structure as the device for raising and lowering the slag window flap of the furnace.

At the same time, the furnace has three steel lined swivel bowls in the piggy bank, mounted on brackets welded to the piggy box box, which rotate with steel lined swivel chutes welded to the bowls, which makes it possible to consistently pour liquid metal from the piggy bank into the filling equipment located in the service sector with an angle 135 °.

It should be noted that the three tapholes in the piggy bank are made in quick-change taphole bricks, while each is fixed in a steel grip, cast at the same time with the pouring sock, and the grip is attached with nuts and spring washers to the studs welded to the steel box of the piggy bank, at the bottom it is welded to the lined swivel bowl a bushing and a roller that rotates on a ball placed in a glass on a bracket. Such a constructive solution provides ease of rotation, as well as the possibility of replacing the taphole bricks without stopping the furnace (during the break between melts for 6-9 minutes).

It is essential to note that the vault of the piggy bank has on top a double layer of refractory heat-insulating mats and a layer of lightweight bricks for additional heat preservation in the piggy bank.

With all this, the furnace has an economizer, which is placed between the masonry of one-and-a-half refractory bricks with a vault and a hog, while it is a box-shaped semi "spiral" that is in contact with the outer walls and the hog floor slab and has internal dimensions of 25 × 45 mm and the number of turns - 34 pcs, moreover, the "spiral" floor is welded, welded from steel 08Х18Н10Т, and the hog itself and the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault are made on a steel sheet and two corners 100 × 100 mm, which rest on steel supports, and The steel supports have steel plates welded to them, which are fastened with foundation bolts in the floor of the foundry, while a double layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass is laid between the hog masonry and the steel sheet. The economizer allows you to heat water for the technological needs of the enterprise.

Finally, the furnace is equipped with a dust and gas cleaning system, and the dust and gas cleaning unit consists of five identical sections combined into a single structure, in each section there are two rotary grates and 7 bag filters, and it also has a service platform and a ladder, moreover, the dust and gas cleaning system includes a chamber mixing, smoke exhauster DN-12, a five-section dust and gas cleaning unit, while the five-section dust and gas cleaning unit has the following characteristics: capacity for the purified gas 45600 m ³ / h, the degree of purification for hydrogen fluoride 64%, the degree of purification for copper oxide 86%, the degree of purification for oxide carbon 86%, degree of purification for nitrogen oxide 85%, degree of purification for alumina 81%, degree of purification for dust 74%, sound level no more than 75 DBA.

The introduction of the above devices, materials, etc., into the design of the furnace, provides a solution to the problem.

The developed design of the furnace allows for the remelting of uncut and magnetic separation of aluminum scrap, which is loaded into two working windows located in the front wall.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a two-bath oven with a storage box.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section A-A of a two-bath oven with a storage box.

FIG. 3 - cross-section BB of a two-bath oven with a storage box.

FIG. 4 - cross-section В-В along the slag windows of a two-bath furnace with a storage box.

FIG. 5 - view Г of the furnace from the side of two working windows (from the side of the front wall).

FIG. 6 - two-row twenty-eight-mixer medium pressure burner.

FIG. 7 - section D-D of a two-row twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burner.

FIG. 8 - injection twelve mixing burner of medium pressure.

FIG. 9 is a section E-E of an injection twelve medium pressure mixing burner.

FIG. 10 - cross-section of the Zh-Zh piggy bank.

FIG. 11 - a longitudinal section of the Z-Z of the piggy bank.

FIG. 12 is a cross-section of the I-I economizer.

FIG. 13 - five-section dust and gas cleaning unit.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a two-bath furnace with a storage box, economizer, dust and gas cleaning system and filling equipment.

The proposed furnace contains a housing mounted on a metal frame 1 of the furnace, formed by brickwork of the outer side, front 2 and rear 3 end walls of FIG. 2. Under 4 of the first bath of the furnace and under 5 of the second bath of the furnace, as well as the first 6 and second 7 inclined platforms are made of corundum blocks 8 of the KS-95 brand stacked on three layers of silica glass fabric KT-11-13 pos. 9 and padded with dry quartz sand 10. The metal frame 1 is welded from wide-flange I-beams No. 40SH1 and No. 26SH1 GOST 26020-83 and lined inside with lightweight brick ШЛ-0.4 pos. 11 with a double heat-insulating layer of silica glass fabric KT-11-13 pos. 12. The metal frame 1 is reinforced inside with three rows of channel # 12 pos. 13. Three layers of silica fiberglass KT-11-13 pos. 9, padding of dry quartz sand 10, lightweight brick ШЛ-0.9 pos. 11 of the frame 1 with a double heat-insulating layer of silica fiberglass KT-11-13 pos. 12 allow you to additionally maintain the temperature of the metal on inclined platforms 6.7 and on hearths 4.5, to reduce heat loss.

Corundum blocks KS-95 have high refractoriness and resistance and allow to increase the service life of the furnace (the service life according to practical data is 8.5-9 years). The use of corundum blocks KS-95 instead of conventional piece products can reduce the number of seams, which reduces gas permeability and increases slag resistance of the lining; to obtain cost savings, since the process of pre-production of piece refractories is eliminated, to speed up the process of building a furnace and to reduce the proportion of manual labor.

Thus, on the metal frame 1 of the furnace, four walls are laid, under 4 of the first bath, under 5 of the second bath of the furnace, as well as the first 6 and second 7 slopes, and in the center of the furnace between the slopes and hearths wall 14 of Fig. 3 The size of the hearth is 4.5 3 × 3.8 meters, and the size of the sloped platforms is 6.7 3 × 3 meters. Corundum blocks 8, grade KS-95, are lined with straight fireclay bricks, grade SHA-1, product No. 5 and No. 12. The walls of the furnace are lined with fireclay bricks ША - 1 №5 and №12 in a steel box 15, which is welded to the frame of the furnace 1, which has thermal insulation 16 between it and each wall, consisting of fireclay chips, refractory wool, a triple layer of silica fiberglass KT-11 -13 and asbestos chips fig. 3. Such thermal insulation can reduce heat loss and save gas.

Fastening of the steel box 15 of the furnace to the frame of the furnace 1 is made by vertical channels No. 16 pos. 17. To prevent the spreading of the furnace masonry, the vertical channels have a bundle of horizontal channels No. 16 pos. 18 fig. 2, 3. It is essential to note that the large vaults 19 above the inclined platforms 6, 7, as well as above the first 4 and second 5 hearths of the furnace are made of a wedge of end ША 1 No. 22, No. 23 and have a layer 20 with double heat-insulating coating, on top of it a triple layer of silica fiberglass KT-11-13 pos. 21, on which a double layer of refractory lightweight bricks of the SHL-0.4 brand pos. 22. This design solution significantly reduces heat loss to the environment.

The heel beams 23 of the large vaults 19 are welded from channels No. 27U and rest on the heel bricks 24 of FIG. 3. In addition, the furnace has four working windows 25, two of which can act as a slag window and two tap holes 26, made in quick-change taphole bricks 27, located in the rear wall 3 and covered with hearth blocks 28. Four working windows 25 allow fast loading the furnace, and two tapholes 26 to produce quick discharge of the deposited metal, which makes the furnace highly efficient. In this case, the working (slag) 25 windows have vaults 29, laid out according to patterns from the fireclay end wedge ША-1 No. 22 and No. 23, the vaults 29 rest on the heel bricks 30 of FIG. 2, 3, 4. Chimneys 31 are made in the rear end wall 3 and have vaults 32 resting on heel bricks 33 of FIG. 4. The furnace is installed on a concrete pedestal 35, reinforced with a steel lattice 34, welded from corners 120X120 pos. 36 and sheet steel with a thickness of 4 mm, moreover, in the concrete of the pedestal 35 there is an additive in the form of asbestos chips, which reduces the heat loss from the furnace of FIG. 2, 3.

The furnace has a device for raising and lowering the shutter 37 of the working (slag) window of the furnace. The damper 37 is cast from highly alloyed corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHKh28, it is cooled by air, which is supplied through the elastic inlet pipe 38, then through the connector 39 and the inlet pipe 40 enters the U-shaped, cast together with the damper 37 box 41 of FIG. 5. To improve air cooling of the shutters 37, the U-shaped box 41 has molded fins 42 inside, which increase the heat transfer area and which are closed by a welded cover 43 of FIG. 2, 5. The damper 37 is made with tapered grooves 44, which are lined with a refractory corundum ramming mass. The device for raising and lowering the shutter 37 of the working (slag) window 25 of the furnace contains an electric drive in the form of a gear motor 45 containing a double block of rollers 46 and two single blocks of rollers 47, connected by a flexible connection in the form of chains 48 to each other and a counterweight 49, when In this case, the shafts 50 of the double 46 and single 47 roller blocks are fixed in the horizontal channels 18 of the furnace with the provision of movement of the shutter 37 along the water-cooled box 51, lined in the furnace of FIG. 1, 2, 5. The damper 37 has stiffening ribs 52 (in Fig. 5 I showed them open, and not closed by the lid 43), in the lower position the damper 37 rests on the stops 53. Water is supplied to the water-cooled box 51 through the inlet pipe 54, and through the outlet pipe 55, FIG. 5. Counterweights 49 are located in metal boxes 56 of FIG. 2. The damper 37 has the ability to adjust its position from the control panel. The design of the actuator and damper 37 ensures the tightness of the furnace and reduces the loss of metal and heat.

In addition, a two-channel reflective furnace for remelting aluminum scrap (hereinafter referred to as the furnace) has in each side wall an injection two-row twenty-two-mixing burner 57 of medium pressure, covered by a hearth block 58, directed at an angle of 25 ° to the inclined platform of the furnace, and at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the furnace , as well as two injection double-row twenty-two-mixing burners 57 of medium pressure, located in the rear wall 3, directed at an angle of 35 ° to the hearth 4.5, in addition, in each large arch 19 there are two injection twelve mixing burners of medium pressure, with one directed at an angle 70 ° to the inclined platform, and the second at an angle of 75 ° to the hearth of the furnace.

Each mixer 59 of the upper row of a two-row twenty-two-mixing burner 57 of medium pressure is a casting and is a pipe made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which four nozzles 60 with a diameter of 1.7 mm are drilled along the periphery 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer 57 at the end on the inner surface at a length of 275 mm there are 12 cast ribs 61, cast ribs 61 on the side of the gas-air mixture movement have a leading part "sharpening" with a length of 5 mm, the angle of "sharpening" is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4.5 mm, the length of the torch of the mixers of the upper row is 3.1 meters, FIG. 6, 7

In this case, each mixer 62 of the lower row of a two-row twenty-two-mixing medium-pressure burner is a casting and is a pipe made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which four nozzles 60 with a diameter of 1.7 mm are drilled along the periphery. an angle of 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while the mixers 62 of the lower row make it possible to obtain the torch length of the lower row up to 1.7 meters.

So, each burner 57 consists of twenty-two mixers, united by a common welded gas distribution chamber 63, to which a nipple 64 is welded, through which natural gas is supplied from FIG. 6, 7. The gas distribution chamber 63, which has a rectangular shape, is welded from sheet steel with a thickness of 3 mm. The casing 65 introduced into the burner design, box-shaped is welded to the gas distribution chamber 63, makes it possible to stuff the refractory ramming mass 66 into the space between the mixers before installing the burner in the heating or smelting unit, and also makes it possible to dry and calcine the burner outside the heating or smelting unit, casing 65 prevents the process of shattering of the refractory ramming mass 66 during the filling process. On the gas distribution chamber 63 and the casing 65, a flame stabilizing tunnel 67 cast from heat-resistant and wear-resistant cast iron CHX28 is put on from below and welded along the perimeter to the gas distribution chamber 63 of FIG. 6, 7. The introduction of the stabilizing tunnel 67 into the burner increases the service life of the burner 57, stabilizes the combustion of the flame, improves the process of lining the burners 57 in the heating or smelting unit, the time for lining the burners is significantly reduced. The lining of the burner and the filling of the space between the mixers is carried out with a refractory ramming mass 66, which was experimentally developed by the author and tested on operating gas smelting furnaces and which has the following composition: Mullite-corundum mortar MMKB-75 GOST 6137 - 2015..42%; technical lignosulfonate TU 13 - 0281036 - 89..12%; powder of ground clay PGNU TU 1522 - 051 - 05802299 - 2005..22%; aluminoborophosphate binder ABS TU 6 - 18 - 166 - 83..4%; quartz sand grade T GOST 22551-77 ... 8% .; water .. 12%.

The given refractory ramming mass 66 after calcination has high hardness, high refractoriness, significant resistance to shedding at temperatures up to 1650 ° C. The service life of the burner is significantly increased. A prerequisite for the normal operation of the burner is the presence of a vacuum in the combustion chamber within the range of 5-20 daPa (mm of water column). The nominal gas pressure in front of the burner is 0.07 MPa.

Injection twelve medium pressure mixing burners 68 are shown in FIG. 8, 9. The design of the twelve-injection medium pressure mixing burner 68 has much in common with the design of the burner 57, so the designation of many elements will be the same. Each twelve medium pressure mixing burners 68 contains a flame stabilizing tunnel 67, a refractory ramming mass 66, 12 cylindrical mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber 63, four nozzles 60 are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes. Burner 68 comprises a casing 65 welded to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber 63, into which a refractory ramming mass 66 is packed, a cast flame stabilizing tunnel 67, which is fitted from below onto a cylindrical gas distribution chamber 63 and a casing 65, and welded around the perimeter to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber 63. B cylindrical gas distribution chamber 63 are located on its periphery, five mixers 62 without nozzles and three mixers 69 with screw-on nozzles 70, in which 12 ribs 71 are made, and in the central part (along the smaller diameter) there are two mixers 69 with nozzles 70 and two mixers 62 without nozzles ... Gas into the gas distribution chamber 63 of the burner 68 is fed through the fitting 64. The burner 68 contains a device for regulating the air flow consisting of a regulator 72 welded to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber 63, three threaded studs 73, a spring washer 74, three nuts 75. A device for regulating the flow rate air allows the burner to be used with various compositions of natural gases. In burners 57.68, mixers, stabilizing the flame of tunnels, nozzles for mixers are cast from corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ChKh28. Burners with mixers made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ЧХ28 chem. composition C = 0.5-1.6%; Si = 0.5-1.5%; Mn up to 1.0%; P up to 0.1%; S up to 0.08%; Cr = 25-30%, the rest Fe have high reliability and long service life.

The proposed arrangement of burners 57.68 makes it possible to achieve a high melting rate, reduce waste, and also load an uncontaminated charge through two working windows (they also act as slag windows) located in the side walls on the bottom 4 of the first and bottom 5 of the second bath, in addition load the contaminated charge through two working windows 25 in the front wall 2 onto two inclined platforms 6.7 and quickly remelt the entire charge, and the thermal power of all 57.68 injection burners installed in the furnace is 14,400 kW, which makes the furnace highly efficient, allowing forced mode of melting, while the metal does not have time to oxidize and, ultimately, the waste is small.

It was previously described that the furnace has two tap holes 26 in the rear wall 3 for tapping molten metal, made in quick-change tap bricks 27. Taphole bricks 27 are made in core boxes from corundum ramming mass with steel reinforcement 76. Taphole brick 27 has a lead-in part and along the perimeter, a recess for fixing in a steel grip-frame 77, on the front of which a flange is made (shown, but not indicated) with holes for fastening with nuts 78, spring washers 79 to pins 80 welded to the furnace box 15. Steel gripper - frame 77 is made with two welded steel handles (not indicated) for installation in the furnace niche and for removal from the niche of FIG. 2. The furnace has two lined rotary bowls 81 with lined rotary troughs 82 welded to them, which can be rotated in the process of pouring liquid metal, since the lined bowls 81 have a welded bead 83 in the lower part, which rests on a ball (not shown) and rotates on it in the sleeve 84. Quick-change reinforced taphole bricks have a long service life and provide the ability to replace them within 8-10 minutes without stopping the furnace.

The oven has a piggy bank. The proposed storage box contains a body formed by the brickwork of the outer side 85, front 86 and rear 87 end walls lined with fireclay bricks Fig. 11. The body is mounted on a metal frame 88. The metal frame 88 of the piggy bank is welded, welded from I-beams No. 24. The metal frame 88 of the piggy bank has an upper layer 89 of silica fiberglass KT-11-13, six layers laid out of lightweight bricks ШЛ-0.4 pos. 90, as well as four layers 91 of silica fiberglass KT-11-13, laid between layers of lightweight bricks ШЛ-0.4 pos. 90. Under 92 piggy banks laid out from bottom corundum blocks KS-95 pos. 93. Under 92 has dimensions 2.5 × 4.0 m. Bottom corundum blocks KS-95 pos. 93 are laid on a metal frame 88 and a sand pad 94, on top of which a silica fiberglass KT-11-13 is laid in four layers 95 of FIG. 10, 11. Thermal insulation, consisting of an upper layer 89 of silica fiberglass KT-11-13, six layers of lightweight fireclay bricks ШЛ-0,4 pos. 90, four layers 91 of silica glass cloth KT-11-13, laid between layers of lightweight fireclay bricks, allows you to maintain the temperature of the metal in the bath of the piggy bank, and the bottom blocks KS-95 pos. 93, laid on four layers 95 of silica glass cloth KT-11-13 and sand padding, have high refractoriness and resistance and allow you to increase the service life of the piggy bank.

In the vault of the piggy bank obliquely at an angle of 65 ° to the hearth, two injection twelve medium pressure mixing burners 68 of FIG. 1. If the furnace has two slag windows 25 located in the side walls, then the piggy bank has one slag window located in the side wall 85, while the device for raising and lowering the slag window flap of the piggy bank has exactly the same structure as the device for lifting and lowering the shutters of the slag window of the furnace, therefore, the elements of the device will be marked with the same numbers as for the furnace.

At the same time, the furnace has three steel lined rotary bowls 81 with welded to them lined rotary grooves 82, which can be rotated in the process of pouring liquid metal. Lined bowls 81 have a welded bead in the lower part, which rests on a ball (not shown) and rotates on it in the sleeve 84. Steel lined swivel bowls 81 are mounted on brackets welded to the box of the piggy bank, which rotate with steel lined swivel chutes welded to the bowls 82, which makes it possible to consistently pour liquid metal from the piggy bank into the filling equipment located in the service sector with an angle of 135 °. It should be noted that from one lined swivel chute 82, liquid metal is discharged into a lined swivel bowl 96 mounted on a column (not shown) with two rollers 98.

Three tapholes 26 in the piggy bank are made in the same way as in the furnace in quick-change taphole bricks 27 (the numbering of the taphole assembly elements is the same as the numbering of the elements of the taphole brick assembly of the furnace). Also, each taphole brick 27 has a lead-in part and along the perimeter a recess for fixing in a steel grip-frame (shown but not indicated) on the front part of which a flanging is made (shown but not indicated) with holes for fastening with nuts 78, spring washers 79 to studs 80, welded to the box 99 of the piggy bank. The steel gripper-frame is made with two welded steel handles (not indicated) for installation in the furnace niche and for removing from the rear wall niche 87 of FIG. 11. Steel grip-frame is molded together with the pouring nose.

It is essential to note that the vault 100 of the piggy bank has on top a double layer of refractory heat-insulating mats 101 and a layer of lightweight fireclay bricks 102 of the SHL-0.4 grade for additional preservation of heat in the piggy bank. The walls of the piggy bank are lined with two bricks. To reduce heat loss, increase the efficiency and the life of the piggy bank between the piggy bank masonry and the steel box 99, there is a heat-insulating layer 103, consisting of chamotte packing, a double layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, refractory wool, FIG. 11. Fastening of the steel box 99 to the frame 88 is made by vertical channels No. 18 pos. 104, and to prevent the spreading of the piggy bank masonry, the vertical channels 104 have a bundle of horizontal channels No. 18 pos. 105.

The slag window 106 has a vault 107 laid out in a pattern in 5 rows from the fireclay end wedge of FIG. 10. In the vault 100 of the piggy bank obliquely at an angle of 65 ° to the hearth, two injection twelve medium pressure mixing burners 68 are installed, exactly the same as in the large vaults 19 of the furnace.

Heel beams 108 are welded from channel # 24. In the rear wall 87 there is a flue 109, which has an arched vault 110.

The furnace has an economizer 111, which is located between the masonry in the form of two walls 112 of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a roof 113 and a hog 114, while the economizer 111 is a box-shaped semi "spiral" that is in contact with the outer walls 115 and the floor slab 116 of the hog 114 and has internal dimensions in a section of 25 × 45 mm and the number of turns - 34 pieces, and the semi "spiral" is welded, welded from steel 08X18H10T, and the hog 114 itself and the masonry in the form of two walls 112 of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault 113 are made on steel sheet 117 with a thickness of 6 mm and two corners 100 × 100 mm pos. 118, which support steel supports 119. The steel supports 119 have steel plates 120 welded to them, which are secured by foundation bolts 121 in the floor of the foundry. The outer walls 115 of the hog 114, the end walls 122 and the side 112 masonry walls are lined with one and a half fireclay bricks No. 12. Between the masonry hog 114 and the steel sheet 117, a double layer of silica glass cloth KT-11-13 pos. 123 fig. 12. The economizer allows you to heat water for the technological needs of the enterprise.

The furnace is equipped with a dust and gas cleaning system, and the dust and gas cleaning unit consists of five identical sections, combined into a single structure, in each section there are two rotary grates and 7 bag filters, and it also has a service platform 124 and a ladder 125, moreover, the dust and gas cleaning system includes a chamber mixing 126, smoke exhauster DN-12 pos. 127, a five-section unit for dust and gas cleaning 128, while a five-section unit for dust and gas cleaning 128 has the following characteristics: productivity for the purified gas 45600 m ³ / h, the degree of purification for hydrogen fluoride 64%, the degree of purification for copper oxide 86%, the degree of purification for carbon monoxide 86% , the degree of purification for nitrogen oxide is 85%, the degree of purification for aluminum oxide is 81%, the degree of purification for dust is 74%, the sound level is not more than 75 dB.

In order to reduce the temperature before feeding them into the DN12 smoke exhauster pos. 127, a mixing chamber 126 is installed, which has two gates: one gate 129 regulates the draft (vacuum in the furnace), the second gate 130 regulates the supply of shop air. Exhauster DN-12 pos. 127 supplies air-diluted flue gases to a five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128. Cleaning flue gases from harmful substances and dust occurs in a five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128, developed by the author and shown in FIG. 13, which has a wide range of pollutants to be cleaned in flue gases. The five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128 consists of five unit welded units, each welded unit being a prefabricated steel cylindrical body 131, in the lower part of which there is a lower rotary feed grate 132 with holes. In the middle part of the cylindrical body 131 there is an upper rotary loading grate 133 with holes. The rotation of the gratings around the axes is carried out with the help of handles 134 fixed on the axes. Above the lower rotary feed grate 132 is a lower feed nozzle 135. Above the upper rotary feed grate 133 is an upper feed nozzle 136. In the upper part of the cylindrical body 131 there are 7 rotating bag filters 137, which capture dust particles from flue gases. Each filter bag has a length of 1200 mm and an outer diameter of 115 mm. At the top of each welded block on the service platform 124 there is a drive for rotation of the bag filters, consisting of an electric motor 138, a clutch 139, a worm gear 140 and a toothed disc 141.

In the upper part of the cylindrical body 131, a service platform 124 is fixed on four brackets 142 of each welded block, which rests on twelve supports 143 and has a ladder 125 on the left. A frame 144 is fixed on the service platform 124, on which a blower 145 with an electric motor 146 is mounted. the rotary loading grate and the lower 132 rotary loading grate once a week from the ladder is loaded with an adsorbent: activated carbon, silica gel, birch charcoal, lime "fluff". The spent adsorbent and dust are collected in the conical part 147 of the cylindrical body 131. The gases to be cleaned from the furnace are supplied to the five-section dust-gas cleaning unit through the pipe 148 of FIG. 13, 14. The spent adsorbent is discharged through the lower throat 149 of the cylindrical body 131 into a container (not shown) and taken to a dump. To monitor the progress of the flue gas cleaning process in the cylindrical housing 131, three peepholes 150 are made. After cleaning the flue gases from harmful substances on the loading grids 132, 133 in the "fluidized bed", they are cleaned of dust in rotating bag filters 137 located in the upper part of the cylindrical building 131.

The stove can be operated on both artificial draft and natural draft. The stove operates on natural draft as follows. The smelter of metal and alloys climbs the ladder 151 to the service platform 152, opens the gate 153 on the pipe 154, while the thrust in the furnace must be at least 5-20 DaPa, and closes two gates 129 and 130 in the mixing chamber 126. Gas is supplied, burners 57 are ignited, 68 after the calcining process, two tap holes 26 are closed at the furnace and three tap holes at the piggy bank, 37 working (slag) windows 25 are opened, and metal and alloy smelters are loaded into the calcined furnace using loaders equipped with troughs on inclined platforms 6.7 and bottom 4.5 aluminum scrap with ambient temperature. The flame of the burners 57.68 heats the scrap to the melting temperature on the inclined platforms 6.7 and on the hearths 4.5. Two notches of the furnace 26 are opened and the liquid metal flows into the piggy bank. After filling the bath of the piggy bank with liquid metal, the liquid metal is treated with a flux, then the liquid metal is thoroughly mixed, and a sample is taken. When the spectral analysis laboratory confirms the grade of the resulting alloy, the metal and alloy pourers take the handles of the lined troughs 82 and bring them to the pouring equipment, for example, to the pouring conveyor 155 and the carousel 156, as well as the metal and alloy pots grab the handles of the lined trough 97 and pour the molds 157 for sauces, installed on a casting table 158 (casting table 158 is installed in a concrete recess 159). After pouring the liquid metal, the inclined platforms 6.7 and the bottom of 4.5 baths of the furnace are cleaned from slag, the tap holes 26 are plugged and the cycle is repeated. When loading the charge, smelting, pouring, flue gases enter the furnace hog with an explosive valve 160 made on it, as well as flue gases from the piggy bank, enter through the gas duct 161 into the hog 114, from the walls of the hog, water is heated in the economizer 111 for the technological needs of the enterprise, then through the pipe 154 enter the chimney 162 and are discharged into the atmosphere.

The operation of the stove on artificial draft is as follows.

The smelter of metal and alloys ascends the ladder 151 to the service platform 152, closes the gate 153 on the pipe 154, and opens two gates 129 and 130 in the mixing chamber 126. The operations are the same as for natural draft melting. The difference is that before the charge is loaded into the furnace, the adsorbent (lime "fluff", activated carbon, birch coal, silica gel) is loaded into the five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128, FIG. 14 and is turned on. In addition, the smoke exhauster 127 is turned on. When loading the charge, smelting, pouring, the flue gases enter the hog 114, they heat the water in the economizer 111 for the technological needs of the enterprise, enter the mixing chamber 126, dilute it with the shop air, and are pumped by the smoke exhauster 127 into the five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128 , where they are cleaned from harmful substances in a "fluidized bed", then by blowers 145 the cleaned flue gases are injected through the pipe 163 into the chimney 162, from which they are removed into the atmosphere. It should be noted that a service platform 164 with a ladder 165 for repairing a hog 114, an economizer 111, an explosive valve 160 of FIG. 14. The five-section dust and gas cleaning unit 128 developed by the author cleans flue gases from harmful substances. So, the proposed gas twin-tank reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap is highly productive, having a long service life, an economizer, low heat loss to the environment due to thermal insulation, which allows the remelting process to be carried out on natural and artificial draft with a dust and gas cleaning system.

Claims (10)

1. A two-tank reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap, comprising a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, two baths bounded by hearths, a roof and walls, drain tap holes, burners and gas ducts, the storage box contains a body formed refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bathtub bounded by the hearth, walls and a vault, a steel box with thermal insulation located between it and each wall of the piggy bank, drain holes made in the rear end wall of the piggy bank, characterized in that it is equipped with an economizer in the form half-spiral, which is located between the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault and a hog, and the hog is made with an explosive valve, an injection two-row twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burner installed in each side wall of the furnace and directed at an angle of 20 ° to an inclined platform and at an angle of 25 ° to furnace axes, and two injection e two-row medium-pressure twenty-two-mixer burners located in the rear wall, directed at an angle of 35 ° to the hearth, in addition, in each large vault there are two medium-pressure injection twelve-mixer burners, with one directed at an angle of 70 ° to an inclined platform, and the second an angle of 75 ° to the hearth of the furnace, the furnace body is placed on a frame, which is lined inside with a lightweight SHL-0.4 brick with a double heat-insulating layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, the frame is installed on a concrete pedestal reinforced with a steel lattice, welded from corners and sheet steel , moreover, in the concrete of the pedestal there is an additive in the form of asbestos chips, two inclined platforms, the bottoms of two baths are made of KS-95 corundum blocks, laid on three layers of KT-11-13 silica glass cloth, and have a padding of dry quartz sand, inclined platforms and the bottom of the two baths are separated by a wall, a steel box is welded to the furnace frame, which has thermal insulation between it and each wall, consisting of chamotte chips, refractory wool, a triple layer of silica fiberglass KT-11-13 and asbestos chips, the vaults above the inclined platforms, as well as above the first and second baths of the furnace have a layer with a double heat-insulating coating, on top of it there is a double layer of silica fiberglass KT- 11-13, on which a double layer of refractory lightweight bricks of the SHL-0.4 brand is laid, the chimneys are made in the rear wall, while the furnace has four working windows, two of which are slag windows, a device for raising and lowering the shutters of the working and slag windows the furnace has an electric drive, in the rear end wall there are two tapholes made in quick-change reinforced taphole bricks, and the furnace has two lined bowls with lined rotary grooves welded to them, while the furnace has a storage box formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls , a bathtub bounded by the hearth, vault and walls, three drain tapes and a gas duct, p The welded frame of the piggy bank has an upper layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, six layers of lightweight bricks, as well as four layers of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, with KS-95 bottom blocks the piggy bank are stacked on four layers of KT-11-13 silica glass cloth and padding of dry quartz sand, two 12-mixing medium pressure injection burners are installed in the arch of the piggy bank at an angle of 65 ° to the bottom, the piggy bank has a slag window located in the side wall, while the device for raising and lowering the slag window flap of the piggy bank, it has the same design as the device for raising and lowering the slag window flap of the furnace, the piggy bank has three steel lined swivel bowls installed on brackets welded to the piggy box box, which rotate with steel lined swivel bowls welded to the bowls gutters, three tap holes in the piggy bank are made in strap-on taphole bricks, while the flue gas duct is connected to the hog of the furnace to form a common flue, one branch of which is connected to the chimney, and the other to the dust and gas cleaning system, and the dust and gas cleaning system includes a mixing chamber, a DN-12 smoke exhauster, and a five-section dust and gas cleaning unit. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each mixer of the upper row of the two-row twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burner is a casting and is a pipe made of high-alloy corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which four nozzles with a diameter of 1.7 mm at an angle of 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer at the end on the inner surface at a length of 275 mm there are 12 cast ribs, cast the ribs on the side of the gas-air mixture have a lead-in part with a tip length of 5 mm, the angle of tip is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4.5 mm, the length of the torch of the mixers of the upper row is 3.1 meters 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each mixer of the lower row of two in-line twenty-two-mixing medium pressure burners is a casting and is a pipe made of highly alloyed corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron ChKh28 with a diameter of 72 × 10 mm and a length of 330 mm, in which on the periphery four nozzles with a diameter of 1.7 mm were drilled at an angle of 25 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while the mixers of the lower row make it possible to obtain a torch length of the lower row up to 1.7 meters. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each twelve-mixing medium-pressure burner contains a flame-stabilizing tunnel, a refractory ramming mass, twelve cylindrical mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes, in this case, the burner contains a casing welded to the cylindrical gas distribution chamber, into which the refractory ramming mass is packed; in the cylindrical gas distribution chamber, five mixers without nozzles and three mixers with screw nozzles are placed on its periphery, in which twelve ribs are made, and in the central part on a smaller diameter there are two mixers with nozzles and two mixers without nozzles, moreover, the burner contains a device for regulating the air flow rate. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in all burners the mixers, stabilizing the flame of the tunnels, the nozzles for the mixers are cast from corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant cast iron CHH28 chem. composition C = 0.5-1.6%; Si = 0.5-1.5%; Mn up to 1.0%; P up to 0.1%; S up to 0.08%; Cr = 25-30%, the rest Fe. 6. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory ramming mass for lining the burner and stuffing the space between the mixers has the following composition: Mullite-corundum mortar MMKB-75 GOST 6137 - 2015..42%; technical lignosulfonate TU 13 - 0281036 - 89..12%; powder of ground clay PGNU TU 1522 - 051 - 05802299 - 2005 - 22%; aluminoborophosphate binder ABS TU 6-18-166-83 - 4%; quartz sand grade T GOST 22551-77 - 8%; water - 12%. 7. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for raising and lowering the gate of the working and slag window of the furnace contains an electric drive in the form of a gear motor containing a double block of rollers and two single blocks of rollers connected by a flexible connection in the form of chains to each other and a counterweight, while the shafts of the double and single blocks of rollers are fixed in the longitudinal channels of the furnace with the provision of movement of the damper along the water-cooled box and with the possibility of adjusting its position from the control panel, and the water-cooled box with the chain forms an angle of two degrees with the vertical, further, the damper contains U-shaped box with internal ribs and a lid, made of cast iron CHKH28 with ribs and conical cavities, lined with refractory corundum ramming mass. 8. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an economizer, which is located between the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a roof and a hog, while it is a box-shaped semi-spiral that is in contact with the outer walls and the hog floor slab and has internal dimensions 25 × 45 mm and the number of turns - 34 pcs., Moreover, the semi-spiral is welded, welded from steel 08X18H10T, and the hog itself and the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault are made on a steel sheet and two corners 100 × 100 mm, which rest on steel supports, moreover, the steel supports have steel plates welded to them, which are fastened with foundation bolts in the floor of the foundry, while a double layer of KT-11-13 silica fiberglass is laid between the hog masonry and the steel sheet. 9. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the three tapholes in the piggy bank are made in quick-change taphole bricks, while each is fixed in a steel grip, cast at the same time with the casting sock, and the grip is attached with nuts and spring washers to the studs welded to the steel box a piggy bank, a sleeve and a roller are welded to the bottom of the lined swivel bowl, which rotates on a ball placed in a glass on a bracket. 10. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of the dust and gas cleaning system consists of five identical sections, combined into a single structure, in each section there are two rotary grates and 7 bag filters, while the block of dust and gas cleaning is made with a service platform, a ladder and has the following characteristics: productivity for the purified gas 45600 m ³ / h, degree of purification for hydrogen fluoride 64%, degree of purification for copper oxide 86%, degree of purification for carbon monoxide 86%, degree of purification for nitrogen oxide 85%, degree of purification for aluminum oxide 81%, dust cleaning degree 74%, sound level no more than 75 TWA.

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