RU2747339C1 - Method for operation of track vehicle power unit cooling system fan drive and apparatus for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of operational control of a hydrodynamic drive of a fan providing cooling of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, particularly a track vehicle, primarily for military purposes. A device for implementation of a method of controlling a fan drive (11) of a cooling system of a power unit (1) of a track vehicle by a complex of elements includes a power unit (1) of a track vehicle with an internal combustion engine, an input transmission reducer (2), a drive gear (3), a pump wheel gear (5), a pump wheel (6), a turbine wheel (7), at least one cooling radiator (8), drive shafts (9, 15), a bevel gear reducer (10), a fan (11), a solenoid valve (4), a hydraulic clutch control unit (12), a coolant temperature sensor (13) electrically connected to the hydraulic clutch control unit, a hydraulic clutch (16). The apparatus also additionally comprises a fuel supply pedal position sensor (14) electrically connected with the hydraulic clutch control unit (12). The vehicle engine cooling modes are controlled by means of the control unit (12) of the hydrodynamic drive of the fan (11) and the operating mode of said drive depends on the operating mode of the power unit of the track vehicle in real conditions.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the cooling system of the power unit of the vehicle, multi-mode operation of the fan drive, compact placement of the cooling system equipment, increased dynamic characteristics and durability of the vehicle.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the operation of a vehicle, namely to provide cooling of the power plant of a tracked military vehicle, carried out by a hydrodynamic drive system of the fan.

Cooling of the power plant of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine is carried out by a driven controlled fan, the intensity of which varies depending on the operating mode of the engine in real conditions and the product's need for a short-term increase in the available power on the driving wheels to perform a maneuver by turning off the fan.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the cooling system of the power plant of the vehicle, ensuring the multi-mode operation of the fan drive, compact placement of the cooling system equipment, increasing the dynamic characteristics and survivability of the vehicle.

Known diesel internal combustion engine [1] with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders, with a cooling system containing a fan impeller, a fan impeller drive clutch, a belt drive of the clutch from the engine crankshaft pulley, characterized in that it contains an electronic control unit for the operation of a diesel engine, a sensor fan impeller speed and engine crankshaft speed sensor, electrically connected to the electronic control unit for engine operation, while the electronic control unit is designed with the function of disconnecting the clutch pulley from the fan impeller when the engine stops abruptly. The disadvantage of this solution is the use of a belt drive, which has low reliability for fan drives of tracked vehicles.

As another analogue, it is appropriate to cite the tank cooling system [2], which allows to automatically maintain a rational temperature regime of the power plant, thereby facilitating the operating conditions of the driver by replacing the fan clutch with a magnetorheological clutch, kinematically connected to the fan shutdown clutch controlled by an electronic unit. The claimed fluid coupling containing a fluid with a reversible viscosity change under the action of an electric field is difficult to implement, since it requires a relatively high consumption of electrical energy when creating an electromagnetic field in a magnetorheological fluid to obtain a viscosity at which the required fan rotation will be provided.

Known fan drive of the cooling system of an internal combustion engine [3], in which the fan clutch is configured to interrupt the kinematic connection between the engine and the fan of the vehicle cooling system, due to the booster, into the cavity of which oil is supplied after the spool box electromagnet is turned on. The oil, overcoming the force of the springs, pulls back the pressure plate, releasing the disc pack. The kinematic chain is disconnected, the motor power is not transmitted to the fan. At the same time, the source [3] does not focus on the parameters at which the "spool box electromagnet" is triggered, which makes it impossible for third parties to implement a technical solution in accordance with the stated formula. When controlling the drive of the cooling system fan by closing the friction discs with springs, at relatively high fan speeds and the transmitted power, significant slipping and wear of the friction discs occur, while the transmitted torque varies over a wide range, the optimal temperature regime of the internal combustion engine throughout the entire operating the running time of the tracked vehicle is not reached.

An effective way of transferring torque from the vehicle engine is a fluid coupling. The motivation is known [4], [5], [6], but the applicant considers a hydrodynamic drive system containing a fluid coupling as the most acceptable in combination with modern control elements, since fluid couplings have a number of technical advantages - simplicity of design, ensuring smooth change in torque, transmitted from the engine, reducing shock loads on the transmission.

The authors have developed a method for controlling the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of a tracked vehicle as technological operations, actions and improvement of equipment elements that solve the problem posed - increasing the efficiency of the cooling system of the power plant of the vehicle, ensuring the multi-mode operation of the fan drive, compact placement of the cooling system equipment, increasing dynamic characteristics and the survivability of the vehicle, expressed in the claimed "Method for controlling the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of a tracked vehicle .." and "Device .." for its implementation. The technical result, as noted, includes an increase in the survivability of the tracked vehicle, expressed in greater maneuverability, acceleration of the vehicle movement due to the short-term release of power spent on ensuring the operation of the fan of the power plant cooling system.

Figure 1 shows a kinematic diagram of a device for implementing the inventive "Method for controlling a fan drive of a cooling system of a power plant of a tracked vehicle" and the positions are indicated:

1 - internal combustion engine of the power plant of the tracked vehicle;

2 - input gearbox of the transmission, which transfers power at the required speed from the internal combustion engine to the bevel gearbox;

3 - drive gear, which transfers rotation to the pump wheel of the fluid coupling;

4 - solenoid valve that opens and closes the oil supply channel to the working cavity of the fluid coupling;

5 - gear wheel transmitting torque to the pump wheel;

6 - pump wheel, which forms the oil flow in the working cavity of the fluid coupling for rotation of the turbine wheel;

7 - turbine wheel transmitting torque to the propeller shaft to the bevel gearbox;

8 - cooling radiator for cooling the coolant (water or antifreeze) circulating in the cooling system of the power plant;

9 - propeller shaft transmitting rotation to the bevel gearbox;

10 - bevel gearbox, providing a change in the direction and frequency of rotation of the fan drive shaft;

11 - fan circulating cooling air through the radiator;

12 - hydraulic clutch control unit, an electronic unit that switches on and off the solenoid valve;

13 - coolant temperature sensor;

14 - fuel pedal position sensor;

15 - cardan shaft, transmitting rotation from the bevel gear to the fan;

16 - fluid coupling;

17 - input gearbox housing.

The interaction of the elements of the kinematic scheme: the torque generated by the engine 1 is fed to the gear 3 of the input gearbox 2; the input gearbox 2 by means of a cardan shaft 9 is connected with a bevel gearbox 10, connected, in turn, by means of a cardan shaft 15 with a fan 11 circulating air through the radiator 8; in the housing 17 of the input gearbox 2, there is a pumping 6 and a turbine 7 wheels of a fluid coupling 16, driven in rotation from the gear 5 of the input gearbox 2; the solenoid valve 4 is connected to the hydraulic clutch control unit 12; said control unit is electrically connected to the coolant temperature sensor 13 and the fuel pedal position sensor 14.

The operation of the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle when the kinematic connection between the internal combustion engine of the power plant of the tracked vehicle and the fan is interrupted or closed by means of a hydraulic coupling is carried out as follows. The fluid clutch control unit 12 enables the switching on or off of the solenoid valve 4, which controls the oil supply to the fluid clutch 16, depending on the signals from the coolant temperature sensor 13 and the fuel pedal position sensor 14. Table 1 shows an example of the implementation of the method for controlling the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle in the entire range of operating temperatures and operating modes, from starting the engine to driving at the extreme values of the coolant temperature.

Table 1

An example of the implementation of the method for controlling the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle

No. Coolant temperature, ° С
Fan status Fuel pedal position Pedal travel,% Solenoid valve status Approx. one ˂83 + 3 Does not work I 0 / start switched on Working temperature value 2 ≥ 90 + 3 Works II ˂ 90 switched off Exceeding the working value
temperature 3 ˂ 110 Does not work III 90 -100 included for 30 + 2sec. Short-term activation four ≥110 Works III 90-100 switched off When entering mode III five ≥ 117 + 3 Works III 90 -100 switched off In mode III

When the power plant of the tracked vehicle is running, the solenoid valve 4 turns on and off depending on the temperature of the coolant in the following order:

1. I position of the fuel pedal. At a coolant temperature up to (83 + 3) ° C, according to the signal from the coolant temperature sensor 13, the solenoid valve 4 is turned on, the oil supply to the fluid coupling 16 is closed. Fan 11 does not work. The power transmitted to the drive wheels is at its maximum.

2. II position of the fuel pedal. When the temperature (90 + 3) ° C is reached, according to the signal from the coolant temperature sensor 13, the solenoid valve 4 is turned off, the oil supply to the hydraulic coupling 16 opens, filling with oil of which ensures the fan is turned on. With a further increase in temperature, the solenoid valve 4 is turned off. Fan 11 is running. The power transmitted to the drive wheels of the tracked vehicle is reduced by the amount of power consumed by the fan drive.

3. III position of the fuel pedal. Tracked vehicle in motion. When the fuel pedal position is more than 90% of its stroke, according to the signal from the fuel pedal sensor 14, the hydraulic clutch control unit 12 turns on the solenoid valve 4 for a time (30 + 2) s, which leads to the cessation of oil supply to the hydraulic clutch and its emptying, while the fan 11 turns off. The released power of the power plant of the tracked vehicle for (30 + 2) s is used to perform a maneuver or accelerate the vehicle. This technique can be repeated. After the specified time has elapsed, the solenoid valve 4 and the cooling fan 11 are controlled in accordance with the signals from the coolant temperature sensor 13. At a coolant temperature of more than (117 + 3) ° C, the solenoid valve 4 and the cooling system fan 11 are controlled in accordance with clause 2, while the fan 11 operates constantly, regardless of the position of the fuel pedal.

As a result of the application of the "Method ...", in the opinion of the applicant, the expected technical result was obtained, which consists in increasing the efficiency of the cooling system of the power plant of the vehicle, ensuring the multi-mode operation of the fan drive, compact placement of the cooling system equipment, increasing the dynamic characteristics and survivability of the vehicle. Controlling the drive of the cooling system fan of the power plant of the tracked vehicle consists in interrupting or closing the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant and the fan by the hydraulic clutch by means of the hydraulic clutch control unit.

The operation of the fan 11 is controlled by the position of the fuel pedal equipped with the position sensor 14 by means of the hydraulic clutch control unit 12, taking into account the signal from the coolant temperature sensor 13. In this case, in the position from 0% to 90% of the fuel pedal stroke, the kinematic connection between the power plant 1 and the fan 11 is interrupted by the signal from the coolant temperature sensor 13 in the range from the minimum to the specified operating temperature value. When the operating temperature is exceeded by the signal from the sensor 13 and the position of the pedal up to 90% of the stroke, the kinematic connection between the power plant 1 and the fan 11 is closed by means of the control unit 12 of the hydraulic clutch 16. In this case, the power transmitted from the engine of the power plant 1 to the drive wheels of the tracked vehicle is reduced by the amount of power consumed by the fan drive to cool the power plant. The indicated cycles of switching on and off the fan drive can be repeated continuously until the end of the movement of the machine and the stop of the engine.

To carry out the maneuver associated with the need for the most intensive acceleration of the tracked vehicle, it is possible to demand the power consumed by the fan drive, for which it is required to release it by turning off the fan. To do this, the fuel pedal is moved to a position corresponding to more than 90% of the pedal travel, the hydraulic clutch control unit 12, according to the signal from the fuel pedal position sensor 14, interrupts the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant 1 and the fan 11 for a predetermined time interval (30 + 2) from. Then, upon the signal from the coolant temperature sensor 13 or upon expiration of a predetermined time interval, the hydraulic clutch control unit 12 closes the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant 1 and the fan 11. The fan turns on, the coolant temperature decreases, the fan drive returns to a state of readiness for repeated shutdown.

Thus, applying the claimed "Method ..." achieved the technical result - increasing the efficiency of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle, provided multi-mode operation of the fan drive, ensured an increase in the dynamic characteristics and survivability of the vehicle with a compact arrangement of equipment in the car.

To implement the inventive "Method ...", the "Device .." is also declared, which is a set of elements, including the power plant of the tracked vehicle 1 with an internal combustion engine, the input gearbox 2, the drive gear 3, the solenoid valve 4, the pump wheel gear 5, the pump wheel 6, turbine wheel 7, radiator 8, driveshafts 9 and 15, bevel gear 10, fan 11, fluid clutch control unit 12, coolant temperature sensor 13, electrically connected to the fluid clutch control unit, fluid clutch 16, fuel pedal position sensor 14, electrically connected to the hydraulic clutch control unit.

The applicant does not know the set of equipment elements that would allow the claimed technical result to be achieved. The problem of increasing the efficiency of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle, in the opinion of the applicant, has been solved, and the proposed technical solution has an inventive level and the prospect of practical application.

Literature sources

1. Bozhenov A.S. and other Diesel internal combustion engine. Utility model, RF patent No. 158741. IPC F02B 3/06, F01P 5/04. Priority 08/17/2015, publ. 01/20/2016, bul. # 2. Patentee: Russian Federation, on behalf of which the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation acts. (For information: address for correspondence - Yekaterinburg, LLC "Ural Diesel Engine Plant").

2. Shabalin D.V. and other tank cooling system. Utility model, RF patent No. 175715. IPC F01P 5/04, F01P 7/08. Priority 10/28/2016, publ. December 15, 2017, bul. No. 35. Patentee - "Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", RF, on behalf of which the RF Ministry of Defense acts.

3. Kozyrkov D.A., Ogibenin P.A. Cooling fan drive of the vehicle. RF patent 2534662. F01P 5/04. F01P 7/08. Patent holder OJSC UKBTM, Nizhny Tagil. Priority from 30.04.2013 Publ. 10.12.2014 Bul. No. 34.

4. Hydraulic coupling. Excerpt from the publication [Electronic resource]. URL: https://seite1.ru/zapchasti/gidromufta-i-vsechto-neobxodimo-o-nej-znat/.html (date of treatment 07.22.

5. Theory and design of the tank "in ten volumes. Ed. P.P. Isakov. Volume 5. Transmissions of military tracked vehicles. M. Mechanical Engineering. 1985. S. 111, 114, 115.

6. A.M. Krieger et al. Liquid cooling of automobile engines. M., Mechanical Engineering, 1985, S. 142.

Claims (4)

1. A method of controlling the fan drive of the cooling system of the power plant of the tracked vehicle, which consists in interrupting or closing the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant of the tracked vehicle by the hydraulic coupling and a fan by means of a hydraulic clutch control unit that turns on and off an electromagnetic valve that supplies oil to said fluid coupling, characterized by controlling the fan operation by the position of the fuel pedal by the control unit according to the signals from the coolant temperature sensor, in this case, in the interval from 0% to 90% of the fuel pedal stroke, interruption or closure of the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant and the fan is provided according to the signals from the coolant temperature sensor; in this case, in the interval (90 ... 100)% of the fuel pedal stroke, the kinematic connection between the engine of the power plant and the fan is interrupted by the signal from the fuel pedal position sensor, and the kinematic connection is closed by the signal from the coolant temperature sensor or after the expiration of the time interval set into the hydraulic clutch control unit. 2. A device for implementing a method for controlling a fan drive of a cooling system of a power plant of a tracked vehicle by a set of elements, including a power plant of a tracked vehicle with an internal combustion engine, an input gearbox, a drive gear, a pump wheel gear, a pump wheel, a turbine wheel, at least one radiator cooling, propeller shafts, bevel gear, fan, solenoid valve, hydraulic clutch control unit, coolant temperature sensor, electrically connected to the hydraulic clutch control unit, hydraulic clutch, characterized by the presence of a fuel pedal position sensor electrically connected to the hydraulic clutch control unit.

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