RU2736496C1 - Submariner rescue facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: diving equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to individual means of lifting submariners to surface. Submarine rescue facility is made in the form of a strong and sealed container, equipped with a hatch, window and/or video system with a video camera, a diving bottle with compressed air, air distributing diver board with shutoff-control gas fittings and diving pressure gauges, electric and manual drives, internal and external pressure sensors, grass and safety valve, control device, information display, acoustic signaling, heater, current source, coil with cable-rope and stopper, radio transmitter, antenna, device for container lifting onto surface including gas generator, starting device, gas fittings, inflatable bag and parachute. Additionally rescue facility is equipped with balloon, to which is attached cable rope and antenna, balloon launch device, comprising gas generator or cylinder with compressed gas, reduction gear and self-closing valve, additional source of current, which uses environment to generate current, by receiving device of navigation system.

EFFECT: providing submarine with required energy reserves for operation of automatic devices, radio communication and heating.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The described invention relates to diving equipment, namely, to individual means of lifting divers to the surface.

Diving equipment is a set of diving equipment, technical means and property designed to ensure diving descents, divers work and raise them to the surface, as well as to ensure the life of divers in conditions of increased pressure of the gas environment [1 - Diving technique. Terms and Definitions. GOST R 52119-2003. - M .: Gosstandart, 2003], [2 - Rules of the diving service of the Navy. In 3 parts. PVS VMF-2002. - M .: Military Publishing, 2002].

Known life-saving means, representing a set of ship (ship) devices, devices and products designed to rescue personnel and passengers of ships and ships at sea. Life-saving appliances are subdivided into collective (boats, rafts) and individual (bibs, pea jackets, belts and vests, buoys and circles). On submarines, life-saving appliances include devices and devices for the independent exit of the submarine personnel in case of an accident. There are collective life-saving appliances (pop-up cameras for 2 people or more) and individual (diving suits, self-contained breathing apparatus, used when leaving a sunken submarine through torpedo tubes and airlock devices) [3 - Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P.402].

To safely lift a person from a depth, it is required to observe the decompression mode, which is a process of a gradual decrease in pressure in diving pressure chambers or in water during a stepwise ascent of a diver from a depth to free body tissues from indifferent gases. Decompression is carried out according to a regime that provides for a certain rate of ascent of a diver from a depth (rate of pressure decrease), the number and depth of stops, the holding time at stops, the procedure for using gas mixtures and the time they breathe by the diver [4 - Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 125].

The prototype of the invention is a means of rescuing a submariner - diving equipment, which is a diving complex, the elements of which are structurally and functionally combined to ensure a safe and quick rise of a submariner from an emergency submarine to the surface, made in the form of a sealed durable vessel in which a sealed hatch for entry and a diver's outlet, a diving cylinder with specially prepared compressed air, gases or breathing gas mixtures, an air distribution diving board with shut-off and control gas fittings and diving pressure gauges, designed for controlled supply of compressed air inside the vessel and equipped with an electric drive to provide both automatic and manual opening or closing, electronic sensors of internal and external pressure, etching safety valve, ensuring the etching of excess volume of breathing gas mixture from the vessel into the environment and rotating a dangerous increase in pressure in it, equipped with an electric drive for automatic and manual opening or closing, a decompression device that includes a control device and associated electronic internal and external pressure sensors, electric drives for an air distribution diving board with shut-off and control gas valves and a safety valve designed for automatic or manual regulation of excessive internal pressure of the gaseous medium in the internal volume of diving equipment, a heating device, devices that ensure the buoyancy of diving equipment and its independent ascent to the surface (inflatable bags, a gas generator, a parachute), a power source to ensure the operation of a decompression device, communication equipment, etc. heating devices, made in the form of a container with dimensions that allow one person to be accommodated in it and release from a sunken submarine through existing release devices (tor pedal apparatus, airlock, etc.) equipped with devices for viewing the surrounding space - a porthole and / or a video system with a video camera installed outside and a screen inside, a float with an antenna serving to transmit a signal about an accident, designating the place of an accident, and for communication of the diver with the surface, a cable-cable connecting the float and the antenna with a radio transmitting device located in (on) the container, as well as a coil and a stopper for winding the cable-cable and fixing it, sound alarm and information display for sound and visual notification and informing the diver about the parameters of the external hydrostatic and internal pressure of the gaseous environment, as well as about the passage of the decompression mode [5 - Application for invention No. 2015129779. Submariner rescue tool and method of lifting it to the surface / A.V. Novikov, A.S. Savvateev. - M .: FIPS, 2017. Bull. No. 3].

The disadvantages of this life-saving means are the short range of the transmitter, the absence of a source of information about the coordinates of the ascent point, as well as a decrease in the efficiency of the current source due to self-discharge during long-term storage. The short range of the transmitter significantly limits the possibilities of communication with rescuers and delays the rescue operation, it is due to the low placement of the antenna on the float.

The known device is a balloon, which is an aircraft, the lifting force of which is created by enclosed gas (hydrogen, helium or heated air) with a lower density than atmospheric air. Balloons are used for lifting antennas of radio stations and as radio repeaters [6 - Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 34].

The aim of the invention is to develop a rescue vehicle for a submariner, which allows him to be lifted from an emergency submarine to the surface of the water, to carry out decompression, to obtain information about geographical coordinates, to provide electrical energy and communication with rescuers at a great distance from them for a long time.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that a rescue vehicle for a submariner is offered, made in the form of a strong and sealed container, equipped with a hatch, a porthole and / or a video system with a video camera, a diving cylinder with compressed air or other breathing gas, an air distribution diving shield with shut-off and control gas valves and diving pressure gauges, electric and manual drives, internal and external pressure sensors, a safety valve, a control device, an information display, an audible alarm, a heater, a power source, a coil with a cable-rope and a stopper, a radio transmission device, an antenna, a device for lifting the container on surface, including a gas generator, a launching device, gas fittings, an inflatable bag and a parachute, characterized in that the rescue vehicle is additionally equipped with a balloon, to which a cable-rope and antenna are attached, a balloon launching device, including m gas generator or cylinder with compressed gas, a reducer and a self-opening valve, an additional current source that uses the environment to generate current, a receiver of the navigation system.

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the submariner's life-saving equipment. The numbers indicate: 1 - compartment for accommodating a reel with a cable-rope, a balloon with an antenna and a device for launching a balloon; 2 - case; 3 - compartment for placing a device for lifting the life-saving means to the surface with a gas generator, a starting device, gas fittings, an inflatable bag and a parachute; 4 - hatch for entering and exiting the life-saving vehicle; 5 - porthole; 6 - transportation or lifting bracket; 7 - herbal safety valve.

FIG. 2 shows a submariner's life-saving device. The numbers indicate: 1 - compartment for accommodating a reel with a cable-rope, a balloon with an antenna and a device for launching a balloon; 2 - case; 3 - compartment for placing a device for lifting the life-saving means to the surface with a gas generator, a starting device, gas fittings, an inflatable bag and a parachute; 4 - hatch for entering and exiting the life-saving vehicle; 5 - porthole; 6 - transportation or lifting bracket; 7 - herbal safety valve; 8 - video camera; 9 - sound signaling; 10 - diving cylinder with compressed air or other breathing gas; 11 - control device; 12 - current source; 13 - heater; 14 - diving air distribution board with shut-off and control gas fittings and diving pressure gauges, electric and manual drives; 15 - sensors of internal and external pressure; 16 - information display of the video system.

FIG. 3 shows the ascent of the submariner's life-saving means, numbers show: 17 - inflatable bag; 18 - direction of movement of life-saving equipment; 19 - brake parachute.

FIG. 4 shows the rescue vehicle of a submariner after surfacing. The numbers indicate: 17 - inflatable bag; 19 - brake parachute; 20 - sea surface; 21 - aerostat with an antenna; 22 - cable-rope.

Submariner's life-saving device works as follows.

In the event of a submarine accident, it is loaded into a torpedo tube or airlock. Through the hatch (4), a person enters the life-saving device and, with the help of auxiliary levers, tightly closes and battens it down. To release the life-saving means, the cover of the torpedo tube or airlock is closed and released to the outside.

After the submarine's life-saving device is separated from the damaged submarine (Fig. 3), the starting device is activated on it, the gas generator is started and fills the inflatable bag with gas (17), the submarine's life-saving device acquires positive buoyancy and begins to float (18) to the surface. A parachute (19) is used to slow down the ascent rate.

During the ascent, inside the submarine's life-saving equipment, it is possible to perform decompression, gradually reducing, if necessary, in automatic mode, or manually, the internal atmospheric pressure. In automatic mode, decompression is performed under the control of the control device (11) (Fig. 2) according to the data of the internal and external pressure sensors (15). In manual mode, the submariner himself regulates the pressure inside the life-saving device in accordance with the decompression tables [7 - Rules of the Diving Service of the Navy. PVS VMF-2002. Part 2. - M .: Voenizdat, 2002. -Appendix 4 to Article 13] using a diving cylinder with compressed air or other breathing gas (10) and an air-distributing diving shield with shut-off and regulating gas fittings and diving pressure gauges (14).

After the submariner's lifesaving equipment has been lifted to the sea surface (20) (Fig. 4), the balloon launching device is triggered, using a gas generator or a self-opening valve for supplying compressed gas from a cylinder, the balloon (21) is filled with it and flies upwards together with an antenna attached to it for a length cable-rope unwound from the spool (22). When the antenna is raised above the sea surface, the submariner has the opportunity to communicate by radio with the control center or with the rescuers and transmit his coordinates received to the receiver of the navigation system.

In the event of a delay of rescuers and the end of air supplies inside the life-saving craft, it is envisaged to provide access to atmospheric air inside by opening the window or breaking it with a hammer.

Providing the submariner with the necessary energy reserves for the operation of automatic devices, radio communication and heating is carried out from a power source located inside the body (12) (Fig. 2), as well as an additional source located outside and generating current under the influence of the external environment, for example, a solar battery or a storage battery with sea water as the electrolyte.

The technical result of the invention is a device that allows a submariner to climb out of an emergency submarine onto the sea surface, perform decompression, call rescuers and communicate with them at a great distance from them and for a long time, while ensuring their vital functions.

Sources of information:

1. Diving technique. Terms and Definitions. GOST R 52119-2003. - M .: Gosstandart, 2003.

2. Rules of the Diving Service of the Navy. In 3 parts. PVS VMF-2002. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 2002.

3. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 402.

4. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 125.

5. Application for invention No. 2015129779. Submariner rescue tool and method of lifting it to the surface / A.V. Novikov, A.S. Savvateev. - M .: FIPS, 2017. Bull. No. 3.

6. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1989 .-- 511 p. P. 34.

7. Rules of the diving service of the Navy. PVS VMF-2002. Part 2. - M .: Voenizdat, 2002. - Appendix 4 to art. 13.

Claims (1)

Submariner's life-saving equipment, made in the form of a strong and sealed container, equipped with a hatch, a window and / or a video system with a video camera, a diving cylinder with compressed air, an air-distributing diving shield with shut-off and regulating gas valves and diving pressure gauges, electric and manual drives, internal and external pressure, etching safety valve, control device, information display, sound alarm, heater, power source, coil with cable-rope and stopper, radio transmitting device, antenna, device for lifting the container to the surface, including a gas generator, starting device, gas fittings, inflatable a bag and a parachute, characterized in that the rescue vehicle is additionally equipped with a balloon, to which a cable-cable and antenna are attached, a balloon launch device, including a gas generator or a compressed gas cylinder, a reducer and a self-opening valve, a source of current, using the environment to generate current, a receiver of the navigation system.

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