RU2733042C1 - Method of correction and prevention of visual disturbances, including training with elements of badminton and colour differentiation of shuttlecocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used for correction and prevention of visual disturbances. Training is carried out with elements of badminton and colour differentiation of shuttlecocks for at least 8 weeks and at least 4 times a week under condition of individual spectacle correction appointed after optometric examination. In the process of training, the dynamic operation of the groups of eye muscles and the dynamic operation of groups of skeletal muscles are combined in throws of the shuttlecock of not less than three types. Total duration of all three types of throws is not less than 30 minutes. At that, each of three types of throws is performed with change of shuttlecock colours: at least 4 weeks change of colour of shuttlecock is performed in sequence: red, green, white-black, orange, blue, yellow, and following, not less than 4 weeks change of colour of shuttle is performed in sequence: white-black, blue, orange, green, red, yellow.

EFFECT: method provides reducing the length of the therapeutic process to 8 weeks.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used for the correction and prevention of visual impairments: myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, spasm of accommodation.

There is a known method (RF patent No. 2606180), which includes badminton classes 3 times a week for 1-2 hours for 6 months or more, subject to the necessary individual spectacle correction prescribed after an optometric examination, and simultaneously with the beginning of classes, a reflexogenic effect on paraorbital biologically active points and points of the cranial vault: VB1, VB14, E8, V2, V3, V4, TR3, VT3, VT5, VT6, as well as points of the neck-collar zone: VB20, VB21, V10, V11, T14 in a course of 2- 4 weeks.

The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and long time duration, due to the need for additional reflexogenic effects on biologically active points, except for badminton.

There is a known method (RF patent No. 2650589) for correction and prevention of visual impairment with exercises with badminton elements, including training with badminton elements, which are carried out at least 4 times a week for at least 6 months, subject to individual spectacle correction prescribed after an optometric examination , according to the decision, during the training process, the dynamic work of the eye muscle groups and the dynamic work of the skeletal muscle groups are combined when throwing the shuttlecock of at least three types: vertical throws of the shuttlecock with the hand and eye tracking of the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, vertical-horizontal throws with the shuttle's hand and following the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, throws with the hand to move the shuttle closer and closer and follow the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible amplitude of eye accommodation, while the total duration of all three types of throws is not changed its 30 minutes.

The disadvantage of this method is the long duration of the entire training process of correction - at least 6 months.

The technical task of the proposed solution is to reduce the time spent on the treatment and training process.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to reduce the time spent on the entire treatment and training process to at least 8 weeks.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of correction and prevention of visual impairment, including training with elements of badminton and color differentiation of shuttlecocks, characterized in that training with elements of badminton is carried out at least 8 weeks and at least 4 times a week, subject to individual spectacle correction , appointed after the optometric examination, during the training process, the dynamic work of the eye muscle groups and the dynamic work of the skeletal muscle groups are combined when throwing the shuttlecock of at least three types: vertical throws of the shuttlecock with the hand and following the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, vertically -horizontal throws of the shuttlecock with the hand and following the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, throws with the hand to move the shuttle closer and closer to the shuttle and follow the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible amplitude of eye accommodation, while the total The duration of all three types of throws is at least 30 minutes, while each of the three types of throws is carried out with a change in the colors of the shuttle: for at least 4 weeks, the color of the shuttle is changed in the sequence: red, green, white-black, orange, blue, yellow, and for the next at least 4 weeks, the color change of the shuttle is made in the sequence: white-black, blue, orange, green, red, yellow.

The possibility of achieving the technical result is ensured by the fact that: the optimal sequence of alternating color shades of shuttlecocks in the dynamics of exercises for representatives of different types of temperament has been revealed. It is possible to conduct a health-improving training process in the general case - without determining the type of temperament for 8 weeks, alternating a set of exercises for sanguine and choleric people with a set of exercises for phlegmatic and melancholic. If it is possible to determine the type of temperament, for example, using: G. Eysenck's questionnaire, M. Luscher's color test, and T. James's test, then only one set of exercises can be carried out in 4 weeks. At the same time, the health-improving training process is carried out:

1) for sanguine and choleric people in the sequence:

red, green, white-black, orange, blue, yellow.

From 1 to 5 minutes - the use of red shuttlecocks increases the speed of activation of the mechanisms of excitation of the central nervous system, and also helps to improve blood flow in the ocular arteries and the central retinal vein.

From 6 to 10 minutes - the use of green shuttlecocks promotes inhibition of the nervous system, increasing the maximum possible angular and accommodative amplitude.

From 11 to 15 minutes - the use of white and black shuttlecocks gradually increases the response of the humoral and reflex systems, which stimulates an increase in refraction and accommodation of the visual analyzer.

From 16 to 20 minutes - Application of orange shuttlecocks helps to overcome the onset of physical fatigue without reducing the effectiveness of the exercise.

From 21 to 25 minutes - the use of blue shuttlecocks is used for the next inhibition of the central nervous system in order to avoid overexertion of the eye muscles, which makes it possible to continue to increase the angular and accommodative amplitude.

From 26 to 30 minutes - the use of yellow shuttlecocks ensures the consolidation of a positive corrective and health-improving effect, reduces the load on the muscles of the visual apparatus and prepares the trainee's body to complete the training process.

For example, the health-improving training process for phlegmatic and melancholic people is carried out in the sequence: white-black, blue, orange, green, red, yellow.

2) for phlegmatic and melancholic in the sequence: white-black, blue, orange, green, red, yellow.

From 1 to 5 minutes - the use of white-black shuttlecocks gradually increases the responses of the humoral and reflex systems, which stimulates an increase in refraction and accommodation of the visual analyzer.

From 6 to 10 minutes - the use of blue shuttlecocks is used for the purpose of gradual inhibition of the nervous system and increasing the angular and accommodative amplitude.

From 11 to 15 minutes - Applying orange shuttlecocks helps to overcome the onset of physical fatigue without reducing the effectiveness of the exercise.

From 16 to 20 minutes - the use of green shuttlecocks promotes secondary inhibition of the nervous system and an increase in the maximum possible angular and accommodative amplitude.

From 21 to 25 minutes - the use of red shuttlecocks increases the speed of activation of the mechanisms of excitation of the central nervous system, and also helps to improve blood flow in the ocular arteries and the central retinal vein.

From 26 to 30 minutes - the use of a flounced yellow color ensures the consolidation of a positive corrective and health-improving effect, reduces the load on the muscles of the visual apparatus and prepares the body of the student to complete the training process.

FIG. 1 shows throws with a given hand upwards - catching with two hands at belt level, Fig. 2 shows throws with a given hand upwards - catching with a given hand at belt level. FIG. 3 shows throws with the given hand upwards - catching with the opposite hand given at the belt level. FIG. 4 shows the shuttlecock throws from the bottom up from the hip with the given hand of one partner, catching the shuttle with two hands of the other partner, while the distance between the partners is 3.5 - 4.0 meters. FIG. 5 shows throws over the head with a given hand of one partner, catching with a given hand of another partner, while the distance between partners is set at 4.0-5.0 meters. FIG. 6 shows throws in a circle 12 partners are given six shuttlecocks of different colors of red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, simultaneous throws are performed in a circle to the neighboring partner, first in one given direction, then in the opposite direction.

The method is carried out as follows. Before exercises with elements of badminton, all persons undergo the necessary optometric examinations: determination of the visual acuity of each eye; automatic refractometry; determination of the maximum visual acuity with spectacle correction; carrying out drug cycloplegia to turn off accommodation and determining the degree and type of ametropia to identify accommodation spasm; determination of maximum visual acuity under diaphragm conditions. According to indications, spectacle correction is prescribed according to the general rules (for example, Yu.Z. Rosenblum, Optometriya, Moscow, 1996).

Trainings with elements of badminton are carried out 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes for 2 months or more.

Clinical examples in the general case - without defining the type of temperament:

1. Patient A. 15 years old, a student at school, at the end of the 8th grade, there were headaches when reading, blurred vision when looking into the distance. When examining narrow pupils:

VisOD = 0.3 Sph-1.5D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.3 Sph-1.5D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 2-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

VisOD = 0.6 Sph-0.8D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.6 Sph-0.8D = 1.0

Diagnosis - Mild myopia, spasm of accommodation. Spectacle correction assigned. According to the proposed method, he started training with badminton elements for 4 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes an hour, The training was carried out in glasses Sph - 1.0D in both eyes. The glasses were not used at other times. When viewed after 4 months:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

The results of the examination showed that myopia does not progress, there is no spasm of accommodation, and continues training with elements. Observed for 2 years, visual functions are stable.

2. Patient V., 37 years old, office worker, complaints of discomfort and decreased vision in the distance, discomfort when reading. Works a lot on the computer. He did not wear glasses before.

Optometric examination:

Vis OD = 0.8Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7Sph + 1.0D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.9Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.8Sph + 1.0D = 1.0

The diagnosis is a spasm of accommodation.

According to the proposed method, I started training with badminton elements for 4 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes. When viewed after 4 months, with narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 1.0

Vis OD = 0.9Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

It has been observed for more than 2x years. There is no spasm of accommodation, visual functions are stable. Continues training with elements of badminton

3. Patient S., 12 years old, complaints of poor vision when looking into the distance. Preliminary diagnosis: low-grade OU-myopia is questionable, accommodation spasm is questionable.

When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.5 Sph-0.3D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.5 Sph-0.3D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 3-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.7D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.7D = 1.0

Diagnosis: - accommodation spasm against the background of mild hyperopia.

I started training with badminton elements 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes. Sph + 0.5D glasses are prescribed for training. Improvement in vision was noted after the first week of training. At the control examination after 4 months:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

The results showed no spasm of accommodation. She continued regular training with elements of badminton for 4 months. It has been observed for more than 2 years. He uses glasses only at school and at the computer. Visual functions are stable. Continues training with badminton elements.

Clinical examples with a predetermined temperament type

1) for sanguine and choleric people

1. Patient A. 14 years old, a student at school, at the end of the 7th grade, there were headaches when reading, blurred vision when looking into the distance. When examining narrow pupils:

VisOD = 0.2 Sph-2.0D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.2 Sph-2.0D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 2-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

VisOD = 0.5 Sph-0.8D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.5 Sph-0.8D = 1.0

Diagnosis - Mild myopia, spasm of accommodation. Spectacle correction assigned. According to the proposed method, he started training with elements of badminton for 2 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes an hour, The training was carried out in glasses Sph - 1.0D in both eyes. The glasses were not used at other times. When viewed after 2 months:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

The results of the examination showed that myopia does not progress, there is no spasm of accommodation, and continues training with elements. Observed for 2 years, visual functions are stable

2. Patient V., 13 years old, complaints of poor vision when looking into the distance. Preliminary diagnosis: low-grade OU-myopia is questionable, accommodation spasm is questionable.

When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.6 Sph-0.3D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.6 Sph-0.3D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 3-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.7D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.7D = 1.0

Diagnosis: - accommodation spasm against the background of mild hyperopia.

I started training with badminton elements 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes. Sph + 0.5D glasses are prescribed for training. Improvement in vision was noted after the first week of training. At the control examination after 2 months:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

The results showed no spasm of accommodation. I continued regular training with elements of badminton for 2 months. It has been observed for more than 2 years. He uses glasses only at school and at the computer. Visual functions are stable. Continues training with badminton elements.

2) for phlegmatic and melancholic

1. Patient A., 16 years old, a student at school, at the end of the 9th grade, there were headaches when reading. When examining narrow pupils:

VisOD = 0.3 Sph-1.7D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.3 Sph-1.7D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 2-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

VisOD = 0.6 Sph - 0.8D = 1.0

VisOS = 0.6 Sph - 0.8D = 1.0

Diagnosis - Mild myopia, spasm of accommodation. Spectacle correction assigned. According to the proposed method, I started training with badminton elements for 2 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes per hour, Training was carried out in glasses Sph - 1.0D in both eyes. The glasses were not used at other times. When viewed after 2 months:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph-0.5D = 1.0

The results of the examination showed that myopia does not progress, there is no spasm of accommodation, and continues training with elements. Observed for 2 years, visual functions are stable

2. Patient V., 15 years old, complaints of poor vision when looking into the distance. Preliminary diagnosis: low-grade OU-myopia is questionable, accommodation spasm is questionable.

When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.6 Sph-0.2D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.6 Sph-0.2D = 1.0

Conducted drug cycloplegia by 3-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, with wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.6D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.6D = 1.0

Diagnosis: - accommodation spasm against the background of mild hyperopia.

I started training with badminton elements 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes. Sph + 0.5D glasses are prescribed for training. Improvement in vision was noted after the first week of training. At the control examination after 2 months:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 0.5D = 1.0

The results showed no spasm of accommodation. I continued regular training with elements of badminton for 2 months. It has been observed for more than 2 years. He uses glasses only at school and at the computer. Visual functions are stable. Continues training with badminton elements.

Thus, the technical problem of reducing the time spent on the treatment-training process is being solved.

Claims (1)

A method of correction and prevention of visual impairment, including training with badminton elements and color differentiation of shuttlecocks, characterized in that training with badminton elements is carried out at least 8 weeks and at least 4 times a week, subject to individual spectacle correction prescribed after an optometric examination, in the training process combines the dynamic work of the eye muscle groups and the dynamic work of the skeletal muscle groups when throwing the shuttlecock of at least three types: vertical throws of the shuttlecock with the hand and following the shuttle with eyes, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, vertical-horizontal throws of the shuttle with the hand and eye tracking behind the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, throws with the hand to move away and approach the shuttle and follow the shuttle with the eyes, reaching the maximum possible amplitude of eye accommodation, while the total duration of all three types of throws is at least 30 minutes t, while each of the three types of throws is carried out with a change in the colors of the shuttle: for at least 4 weeks, the color of the shuttle is changed in the sequence: red, green, white-black, orange, blue, yellow, and for the next at least 4 weeks, the color of the shuttle is changed in sequence: white-black, blue, orange, green, red, yellow.

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