RU2606180C1 - Method of treating and preventing myopia and accommodation spasm by badminton - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used for treating and preventing myopia and accommodation spasm. Method involves badminton training, which are carried out 3 times a week for 1–2 hours for 6 months and more, wherein before beginning of regular training optometry examination is made assignment by necessity of individual spectacle correction, while simultaneously with beginning of regular training reflexogenic exposure on biologically active points is made by massage, or acupuncture, or injections of dispersed biomaterial "Alloplant" for acupuncture administration, dissolved in physiologic solution in ratio of 30–50 mg of biomaterial per 5–10 ml of physiological solution, wherein reflexogenic exposure is performed in course of 2–4 weeks, wherein massage of biologically active points is performed daily for 5-15 minutes 1–2 times a day, acupuncture is performed daily or every second day in amount of 10 sessions, and injections are carried out in amount of 3–7 sessions’ course, 0.5–1.0 ml of biomaterial per 1 injection. Exposure on following group of biologically active points should be made: paraorbital points and points of calvarium: VB1 (Tun-Zi-Liao), VB14 (Yan-Bai), E8 (Tou-Vej), V2 (Set-Zhu), V3 (Mei-Chun), V4 (Qu-Cha), TR3 (Sy-Chzhu-Kun), BT3 (Yin-Tan), BT5 (Yui-Shan), BT6 (Yui-Yao); points of cervical-collar zone: VB20 (Feng-Chi), VB21 (Czyan-Czin), V10 (Tian-Zhu), V11 (Da-Zhu), T14 (Da-Zhui). Additionally one may affect distant points on limbs: GI4 (Xae-Gu), GI11 (Qu-Chi), E36 (Zu-San-Li), F2 (Shin-Jian), F3 (Tai-Chun), VB34 (Yang-Lin-Chuan).

EFFECT: invention provides effective and affordable method of treating and preventing myopia and accommodation spasm due to reflexogenic exposure on biologically active points in combination with intensification of accommodative-deaccommodative muscles.

3 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used for the treatment and prevention of myopia and accommodation spasm (pseudomyopia), especially among schoolchildren and students. The invention can also be used among other age groups, for example, workers of various professions involved in visually intense work.

It is known that in the occurrence and progression of myopia, the leading role is played by a decrease in the accommodation capacity of the eyes. Improving the performance of the accommodation apparatus with the help of special exercises and normalizing the blood supply to the eye tissue leads to inhibition of the progression of myopia and sometimes prevent its occurrence (Medvedskaya G.A. Prevention of myopia and its progression by affecting the accommodation apparatus of the eye. Abstract. Diss. Cand. Honey Science Kalinin, 1981).

Known drug methods for treating accommodation spasm, for example, “A method for the treatment of pseudomyopia” (RF Patent No. 2294180, IPC A61F 9/00, publ. 02.27.2007), comprising wearing a diaphragmed soft contact lens soaked in a solution of a cycloplegic drug, such as atropine or cyclin. The well-known "Method for the treatment of progressive myopia" (RF Patent No. 2257900, IPC A61K 31/46, publ. 08/10/2005), including alternating with a break of 8-9 days of installation of a 0.1-1% solution of atropine ("alternating atropination", according to auto RU). It is known that irifrin 2.5% is used in the progression of myopia — sympathomimetic, a stimulator of disccomodative muscles of the ciliary body (Yu.E. Batmanov, SI Makarov, J. "New Medicines", No. 4/2003), which are installed in both eyes on night, alone or in combination with cyclomed, anticholinergic, causing paresis of accommodation.

Common disadvantages of medical methods: unstable effect due to the temporary effect of cycloplegia, discomfort due to mydriasis, deterrent effect on the work of the ciliary muscles, uncoupling of accommodation-convergence mechanisms, limited use in individuals, taking into account the systemic effect of the drug.

It is known the use of sphere-prismatic lenses that reduce accommodation-convergence load during close-range visual work (Rosenblum Yu.Z. Application of bifocal sphere-prismatic glasses (BSPO) for nearsightedness. Methodical recommendations. M., 1986. P. 3; "Method for the prevention and treatment of the syndrome fatigue ”, RF Patent No. 2199990, IPC A61F 9/02, publ. 11.29.1999). Disadvantages: the difficulty of manufacturing lenses, weakening - detraining and violation of synchronism - balance in the oculomotor and ciliary muscles.

Known optical-reflex and training methods of treating accommodation disorders, including exercises aimed at training accommodative-disacomodational mechanisms using various devices, for example using diaphragms with a varying diameter - “A way to relieve spasm and increase the reserve of accommodation” (RF Patent No. 1725888, IPC A61H 95/00, publ.: 15.04.1992). It is known to use positive lenses (“glass atropine”), for example, “A method for stabilizing visual acuity,” (RF Patent No. 2157153, IPC A61F 9/00, publ. 10.10.2000), in which tables or texts are viewed through biconvex lenses with focal a distance of 3-4 m and an optical power of + 0.25 + 0.33 diopters.

A common disadvantage of the known methods of treating accommodation disorders is their complexity, inconvenience due to the need for special devices and appliances.

The well-known "Method for the treatment of eye diseases" (RF patent No. 2105534, IPC A61F 9/00, published on 02.27.1998), which includes sequentially: general gymnastics with weights daily twice a day, self-massage, including massage of biologically active points Shi-xuan and He-gu, of the cervical spine, scalp at the seams of the parietal and temporal bones and the occipital tubercles, eye gymnastics containing at least six exercises, work with text after self-massage: two eyes in one, one eye, the other eye and again with two eyes on Maximum Feed or as low as possible for the perception of the text range. The restoration of visual acuity is provided in this method due to the complex effect on the human body of all of the above therapeutic factors and improvement of the general, cerebral and intraocular circulation. Disadvantages: a large number of heterogeneous and multidirectional exercises are performed throughout the day, while a significant category of people do not have the necessary perseverance and self-control for regular classes, especially at school age, the most relevant in terms of the development of visual impairment. Due to their age, children often do not understand the meaning of many exercises because of their complexity, which ultimately adversely affects the correctness of their performance and effectiveness.

The well-known “Method for the treatment of myopia” (RF patent No. 2329029, IPC AH 39/08, published July 20, 2008), which includes: elimination of subluxation in the atlanto-axial articulation, acupuncture by pricking of paraorbital points, points of general action and auricular points responsible for vision, as well as additional introduction of Alloplant biomaterial into the paraorbital biologically active points and the scalp optical zone for the purpose of immunostimulation, immunocorrection, enhancing the regenerative abilities of cells, activation of biochemical and metabolic essov. However, the method is not effective enough due to the lack of exercises aimed at training accommodative-disaccomodative mechanisms, the dysregulation of which is one of the key links in the pathogenesis of myopia. The method does not provide for an increase in general motor activity and the creation of sustainable motivation (interest) in training exercises.

Closest to the proposed invention, taken as a prototype, is the "Method for the prevention of the onset and progression of myopia" (RF patent No. 2471455, IPC A61F 9/00, publ. 10.01.2013). The method provides a complex effect on different links of the pathogenesis of myopia and ensures the achievement of a technical result due to four factors: a magnetic field, transsclerical low-energy laser radiation with a wavelength of 1.3 μm, optical-reflex eye training, and badminton training in a specific mode before, during time and after a course of functional treatment of myopia. The disadvantage of this method is the limited therapeutic opportunities aimed only at the prevention of myopia. The method does not include optimal spectacle correction based on the nature and degree of visual impairment, and therefore the spasm of accommodation remains. Due to the fact that functional treatment (magnetic, laser therapy and optical reflex training) is started only 2 months after the start of badminton training, the visual system does not have time to adapt to the increased requirements for dynamic refraction, which eliminates the effect of complex effects. The invention does not allow for a general long-term effect on the body through a system of biologically active points, aimed at persistently restoring the underlying mechanisms of nervous regulation and metabolic processes in the visual system.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an effective and affordable method of treatment and prevention of myopia and spasm of accommodation.

The technical result consists in restoring the underlying mechanisms of nervous regulation and metabolic processes in the visual system due to the reflexogenic effect on biologically active points in combination with the activation of the work of accommodation-disaccommodation muscles.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the method of treatment and prevention of myopia and accommodation spasm, including badminton lessons, characterized in that badminton classes are carried out 3 times a week for 1-2 hours for 6 months or more, subject to the necessary individual spectacle correction appointed after the optometric examination, and at the same time as the start of classes, conduct reflexogenic effect on the paraorbital biologically active points and points of the cranial vault: VB1, VB14, E8, V2, V3, V4, TR3, VT3, VT5, VT6, as well as the points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20, VB21, V10, V11, T14 with a course duration of 2-4 weeks.

According to the invention, as a reflexogenic effect on biologically active points, massage is used daily for 5-15 minutes, 1-2 times a day, or acupuncture daily or every other day in the amount of 10 sessions, or injection of dispersed Alloplant biomaterial for acupuncture administration diluted in physiological saline in a ratio of 30-50 mg of biomaterial per 5-10 ml of physiological saline in the amount of 3-7 sessions per course, 0.5-1.0 ml of biomaterial solution per 1 injection.

According to the invention, additionally act on distant biologically active points of the limbs: GI4, GI11, E36, F2, F3, VB34.

The technical result is achieved due to the following. Optical refraction training of accommodation mechanisms during the game, combined with high physical activity, combined with reflexogenic exposure and adequate spectacle correction, provides an overall qualitatively new depth effect and a stable, stable result.

The use of badminton lessons as physical exercises is due to their dynamism, low injuries, accessibility at any age. Tracking the shuttle during the game, against the background of optimal spectacle correction, increases the mobility of convergent-accommodative reactions of the visual system. The position of the nearest point of clear view at a distance of more than 1 meter guarantees the absence of overload of the ciliary muscle and, accordingly, the possibility of accommodation spasm. The mechanism of training and improving dynamic refraction is implemented as follows: during the game, as the shuttle approaches the player, the convergence-accommodation load gradually increases, which is ensured by the reduction of the ciliary muscle and the work of the internal, upper and lower rectus muscles. At the minimum distance to the shuttle at the moment of its own feed or strike (the shuttle touches its racket), the focal length is at least 1 m, and a clear image on the retina is achieved by accommodation without excessive convergence and tension of the ciliary muscle. This provides sparing conditions for accommodation-convergence and creates an optimal training effect. The role of accommodative efforts for local blood circulation is also very significant, since the ciliary muscle’s rapid contraction and relaxation function provides a “massage” of the lens, helping to renew intraocular fluid and improve trophism in all parts of the eyeball. Significant aerobic exercise provides good blood oxygenation, and the normalization of the psycho-emotional sphere balances the sympathetic-parasympathetic innervation of the eye muscles. The mechanism of reflexogenic stimulation is realized through stimulation of nerve receptors at biologically active points. Primary irritation of the receptors through local reflex reactions (through the axon reflex), segmental reflex reactions (through the roots of the spinal cord and cranial nerves) and general reflex reactions of varying complexity awakens all parts of the nervous system, including the central parts of the brain, which ultimately helps to increase the functional mobility of the visual system, improve cerebral hemodynamics, local blood circulation and metabolic processes (E.L. Macharet, I.Z. Samosyuk, V.P. Lysenyuk, "Reflexotherapy in the complex treatment of diseases of the nervous system", chapter "Modern views on the theory and practice of reflexology", pp. 10-15, Kiev, 1989; GavaaLuvsan, "Traditional and modern aspects of modern eastern reflexology", chapter 3 "Modern ideas about physiological mechanisms underlying the Far Eastern reflexology ", pp. 35-37, Moscow, 1990).

The method is as follows. Before starting badminton classes, all individuals undergo the necessary optometric examinations: determination of the visual acuity of each eye; automatic refractometry; determination of maximum visual acuity with spectacle correction; in schoolchildren, it is mandatory to conduct drug cycloplegia to turn off accommodation and determine the degree and type of ametropia to detect accommodation spasm; determination of maximum visual acuity in aperture conditions. According to indications, a spectacle correction is prescribed according to general rules (for example, Yu.Z. Rosenblum, Optometry, Moscow, 1996).

Badminton lessons are carried out 3 times a week for 1-2 hours for 6 months or more. In parallel with the start of badminton training, biologically active points are exposed to one of the three methods proposed according to the invention: by massage (acupressure), or by acupuncture (acupuncture), or by injection of drugs (pharmacopucture).

Acupressure is performed by massage of the paraorbital points and points of the cranial vault: VB1 (tun-tzu-liao), VB14 (yang-bai), E8 (tou-wei), V2 (quan-chu), V3 (mei-chun), V4 ( Qu-cha), TR3 (sy-chu-kun), BT3 (yin-tan), BT5 (yu-shan), BT6 (yu-yao); points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20 (feng chi), VB21 (jian-jing), V10 (tien-ju), V11 (da-ju), T14 (da-ju). Acupressure is carried out daily for 2-3 weeks, from 5 to 15 minutes, 1-2 times a day (I. Samosyuk, V. Lysenyuk “Acupuncture” chapter “Acupressure”, M., Ast-Press book, 2004, p. 183-184). This method of exposure is highly accessible, and therefore, after appropriate instruction, it is performed by both parents, relatives, and the patient himself.

If there is an appropriate base (qualified specialist, premises that comply with sanitary norms and rules), the method provides for acupuncture as a reflexogenic effect, which is carried out at the above biologically active points. To ensure a general strengthening effect, it is possible to add distant points on the extremities: GI4 (he-gu), GI11 (qui-chi), E36 (zu-san-li), F2 (xing-jian), F3 (tai-chun), VB34 ( Yang Lin Quan). Acupuncture is carried out daily or every other day in an amount of 10 sessions (D.M. Tabeeva, "Guide to reflexology", published by M. Medicine, 1980; Gavaa Luvsan, "Essays on the methods of oriental reflexology", published by Science, 1991. , and others).

As an alternative effect, the method provides injections into biologically active points of the dispersed Alloplant biomaterial for acupuncture administration, which is diluted in a ratio of 30-50 mg per 5-10 ml of physiological saline. (“Alloplant Biomaterials for Regenerative Surgery”. Catalog. Ufa, 2010, p. 24). The drug is administered using thin insulin or mesotherapeutic needles into the above biologically active points 1-2 times a week in an amount of 3 to 7 sessions per course, the duration of which is 2-4 weeks.

Injections performed by qualified reflexology specialists are highly effective, safe and virtually painless. The use of such an effect on biologically active points in the complex treatment of myopia, along with the above-mentioned advantages, makes it possible to carry out procedures on an outpatient basis, 1-2 times a week, which is especially important when the reflexology room is remotely.

Clinical examples

1. Patient M., 8 years old, complaints of poor eyesight when looking into the distance with the beginning of school. Preliminary diagnosis: OU-myopia of a weak degree in doubt, accommodation spasm in doubt.

When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.4 Sph -0.5 D, cyl-0.25 ax20 = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.4 Sph -0.5 D, cyl-0.25 ax160 = 1.0

Medical cycloplegia was carried out by 3-fold installation of 1% cyclomed. After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph +0.5 D, cyl + 0.5 ax110 = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph +0.5 D, cyl + 0.25 ax90 = 1.0

The final diagnosis: OI - spasm of accommodation against a background of mild hyperopia.

I started to practice badminton, 3 times a week for 1.5 hours. For constant wearing and training, Sph + 1,5D points were prescribed. At the same time as the start of classes, reflexology was prescribed and carried out in badminton-free time by massage of biologically active points: paraorbital V2 (quan-chu), V3 (mei-chun), TR3 (si-chu-kun), VB1 (tun-tzu-liao ), VB14 (Yang-bai), VT5 (yu-shan) and VT6 (yu-yao); cranial vault E8 (tou-wei); in the cervical-collar zone VB21 (jian-jing), VB20 (feng-chi), V10 (tien-ju). The procedures were carried out daily for 10-15 minutes, and the reflexologist conducted the massage for the first 5 days in the presence of the girl’s parents, in the “training mode” with detailed instruction, then for 2 weeks they performed acupressure at home, on their own. Improved vision has been noted since the first days of treatment. At the control examination after 3 months:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph + 1.0 D, cyl + 0.75 ax 105 = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph + 1.0 D, cyl + 0.5 ax 85 = 1.0

The results showed no accommodation spasm. Regular badminton lessons continued for 6 months.

It has been observed for more than 3 years. He uses glasses only at school and at the computer. Visual functions are stable. He continues to practice badminton whenever possible.

2. Patient T., 12 years old, a student in school, at the end of grade 5, began to complain of headaches when reading, blurred vision when looking into the distance. When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.1-0.2 Sph -2.5 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.1-0.2 Sph -2.5D = 1.0

Medical cycloplegia was carried out by 2-fold installation of 1% cyclomed. After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.5 Sph -1.0 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.5 Sph -1.0D = 1.0

DS: OU - Mild myopia, accommodation spasm. Assigned spectacle correction.

According to the proposed method, he began to practice badminton, in the summer months 3 times a week for 1.5 hours, in the school season - 2 times a week for 1.5 hours. Training was carried out in glasses Sph - 1,0D in both eyes. No glasses were used at other times. At the same time as the training began, she was taken on an acupuncture course. Within 3 weeks, 10 sessions were conducted, which were carried out every other day. Implemented: tonic effect with the needles placed for 10-15 minutes at para-orbital points and points of the cranial vault: VB1 (tun-tzu-liao), VB14 (yang-bai), E8 (tou-wei), V2 (quan-chu), V3 (mei-chun), V4 (qu-cha), TR3 (sy-chu-kun), VT5 (yu-shan), and 2 paired (i.e. 4, left and right) points were used per session; a harmonizing effect of 20-30 minutes on 3 paired points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20 (feng chi), VB21 (jian-ching), V10 (tien-ju); harmonizing effect on distant paired points: GI11 (qu-chi), E36 (tsu-san-li), F3 (tai-chun). Regular badminton lessons continued for 6 months.

When viewed after 6 months:

Vis OD = 0.5 Sph -1.0 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.5 Sph -1.0D = 1.0

The survey results showed that myopia is not progressing, there is no accommodation spasm. Badminton continues. Observed for 3 years, visual function is stable.

3. Patient X., 40 years old, engineer, complaints of discomfort and loss of distance vision, reading discomfort. Recently, he worked a lot on a computer at night. Previously, I did not wear glasses.

Optometric examination:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph -1.0 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph -1.25D = 1.0

According to the table for determining visual acuity, font 08 (visual acuity 0.7) in glasses Sph-3.25.

After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.9-1 Sph +1.0 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 1.0D = 1.0

DS: OU - spasm of accommodation.

According to the proposed method, he started practicing badminton, in the first 6 months three times a week, for 1.5 hours, in the subsequent - twice a week. Simultaneously with the start of training, a pharmacopuncture course was conducted with Alloplant biomaterial for acupuncture administration. A dosage of 50 mg of biomaterial per 10 ml of saline was used. Injections were carried out once a week, for 3 weeks at paraorbital points: VB1 (tun-tzu-liao), VB14 (Yang-bai), V2 (quan-chu), TR3 (si-chu-kun); to 2 paired points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20 (feng chi), VB21 (jian-ching) 0.5 ml each and distant points on the extremities: GI11 (qu-chi), E36 (tsu-san), VB34 (Yang-lin-quan) 1.0 ml each.

On examination after 6 months, on narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 1.0

Vis OS = 1.0

According to the table for determining visual acuity, he reads freely the font 05 (visual acuity 0.9) in glasses Sph +1.0 at a distance of 33 cm. It has been observed for more than 2 years. There is no accommodation spasm. He trains fairly regularly. When working at close range without glasses without visual discomfort. Visual functions are stable.

Thus, the proposed method allows affordable means to prevent and treat myopia and spasm of accommodation in a wide variety of age groups with high efficiency.

Claims (3)

1. A method for the treatment and prevention of myopia and accommodation spasm, including badminton training, characterized in that badminton training is carried out 3 times a week for 1-2 hours for 6 months or more, subject to the necessary individual spectacle correction prescribed after an optometric examination and at the same time as the lessons begin, they conduct reflexogenic effects on paraorbital biologically active points and points of the cranial fornix: VB1, VB14, E8, V2, V3, V4, TR3, VT3, VT5, VT6, as well as the points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20, VB21 , V10, V11, T 14 courses lasting 2-4 weeks. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as a reflexogenic effect on biologically active points use massage daily for 5-15 minutes 1-2 times a day, or acupuncture daily or every other day in the amount of 10 sessions, or dispersed injection Alloplant biomaterial for acupuncture administration diluted in physiological saline in a ratio of 30-50 mg of biomaterial per 5-10 ml of physiological saline, in an amount of 3-7 sessions per course, 0.5-1.0 ml of biomaterial solution per 1 injection . 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that it additionally affects distant biologically active points of the limbs: GI4, GI11, E36, F2, F3, VB34.