RU2351305C2 - Method of prevention and treatment of acquired myopia - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: spend trainings by means of prisms established by the basis to nose, placed in trial eyeglass frame. The prisms are periodically turned 6-15 times counter-clockwise on 5-15 degrees before vertical position from horizontal position. Patient looks afar through the prisms within 1-3 minutes in intervals between turns. Then the prisms are established in starting position and periodically turned 6-15 times clockwise on 5-15 degrees before vertical position. The patient also looks afar within 1-3 minutes in intervals between turns. Force of prisms during trainings is gradually enlarged from 2.0 to 6.0-7.0 dioptres.

EFFECT: increase of not-resolved visual acuity, relative accommodation reserve, reduction the size of optimum eyeglass correction, asthenopic complaints.

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Description

A method for the prevention and treatment of acquired myopia.

The invention relates to medicine, namely to methods for treating and preventing eye diseases.

There is a known method, taken as an analogue (see Dashevsky A.I. “False myopia.” M., 1973), which consists in the following: prisms of 2.0 pr. base to the nose and add negative spheres to the maximum correction. A 0.25 diopters plus lens is added to them. After restoration of vision to 1.0, without removing the 0.25 diopters sphere from the frame, the strength of the negative lens is reduced by 0.25 diopters. and expect recovery to 1.0. Remove and re-install the lens +0.25 diopters. in the frame. These manipulations are repeated several times.

The disadvantage of this method is that the loads on the ciliary muscle occur in one direction - in the horizontal meridian, respectively, the vertex-base line of the prism, which reduces the effectiveness of training, as the basic principle of building the training process is violated - the principle of increasing and changing the training stimulus. In addition, the simultaneous use of several spectacle glasses impairs optical properties and causes optical aberrations and discomfort.

The known method (WO 95/31743, class G02C, 7/00, 7/14, 1/00, A61H 5/00), taken as a prototype, which consists in the following: after an ophthalmological examination, they begin training. For training, use ready-made glasses with lenses made according to the formula: sphere +0.5 diopters. and a prism of 2.0 ave. Prism relaxes the ciliary muscle due to the effect of divergent disaccommodation, and the sphere causes its relaxation - the effect of "glass atropine".

The disadvantage of this method is that the load on the ciliary muscle is carried out in one horizontal direction, which also reduces the effectiveness of training due to the constantly repeating stimulus. During the training, lasting 10-15 minutes, the refractive power and direction of the peak-base line of the prism do not change, which can also be the reason for the lack of effectiveness of this method. Also, the sphere included in the composition of the lens degrades the optical properties due to the arising effect of micro-fogging, which causes an unfavorable psychological effect.

The objective of the claimed invention is the creation of a method that improves the efficiency of training the ciliary muscle, which will allow for the prevention and treatment of acquired myopia.

The problem is solved due to the fact that according to the method consisting in training using prisms mounted with a base to the nose, installed in a test spectacle frame, prisms from a horizontal position are periodically rotated 6-15 times counterclockwise by 5-15 degrees to the position vertically, in between turns, the patient looks into the distance through the prisms for 1-3 minutes, then the prisms are set to their original position and periodically rotated 6-15 times clockwise 5-15 degrees to the position vertically, in between turns, the patient also looks into the distance for 1-3 minutes, the strength of the prisms during training gradually increase from 2.0 to 6.0-7.0, etc. Dptr.

Using the claimed method allows to increase the effectiveness of the prevention and treatment of acquired myopia due to the fact that the ciliary muscle fibers that are not involved in the horizontal position of the prisms are included in the work, which gives good results with uneven and chronic ciliary muscle spasms. In addition, straight and oblique oculomotor muscles are reflexively involved in the work, which increases blood flow to the eyeball. Also, the position of the vertex-base line of the prism, which constantly changes during training, allows you to increase the effectiveness of training by changing loads. And the increase in diopter prism constantly changes the training stimulus. Also in this case, the principle of an individual approach to each patient is taken into account - the degree of its resistance to the training stimulus, the tolerance of the power of prisms, are taken into account.

The method is as follows. After a complete ophthalmological examination, they begin training. Prisms of 2.0 pr. Dptr are installed in the trial eyeglass frame. base to the nose, through which the patient looks into the distance for 1-3 minutes. Next, we begin the rotation from a horizontal position counterclockwise by 5-15 degrees to the vertical position. The degree of deviation from the horizontal depends on the patient's fitness and tolerance of the prisms, with good tolerance you can immediately set the angle to 15 degrees. In this position, the patient looks into the distance for 1-3 minutes. Turn from 6 to 15 times from a horizontal position to a vertical position. Between each turn, the patient looks into the distance 1-3 minutes. Then the prisms are returned to their original position and begin to rotate clockwise from a horizontal position of 5-15 degrees to the vertical position, while in the interval of each rotation, the patient looks into the distance 1-3 minutes. The first 2 training sessions are conducted with prisms 2.0 pr. Diopters. Then, as the muscles adapt to the loads, we gradually increase the prism strength to 6.0-7.0 pr diopters. The rate of increase of the “diopter” of the prisms is selected individually and depends on the magnitude of the accommodation spasm accompanying myopia.

Example 1. Patient A., 9 years old, noted a decrease in visual acuity for 3 months. On examination: VOU = 0.7 N / K ZOA = 1.0 diopters. Sciascopically Em.

A spasm of accommodation in both eyes was diagnosed. A training course was prescribed according to the method described above. 9 turns of 10 degrees were performed, the prism strength gradually increased from 2.0 to 4.0 ave. In total, 6 trainings were conducted within 20-25 minutes, as a result of which visual acuity from 0.7 increased to 1.0; ZOA increased by 3.0 diopters. It was recommended to repeat the training course after 6 months.

Example 2. Patient B., 11 years old, noted a decrease in vision, pain in the eyes when reading, fatigue, lack of vision in his glasses. Myopia for 2 years. On examination: VOU = 0.2-2.0 d = l, 0 ZOA = 1.0 diopters. Sciascopically Mi 2,5 d. He was diagnosed with mild myopia, asthenopia in both eyes.

Treatment was prescribed. During the training, 6 turns of 15 degrees were performed. The first 2 workouts used a prism in 2.0 pr. Dptr., 3-4 training - a prism of 3.0 dptr., 5-7 training - a prism of 4.0 dptr. In total, 7 trainings were conducted over 12 days.

Inspection after treatment: complaints of fatigue, eye pain when reading disappeared. VOU = 0.4-1.5 d = l, 0. ZOA = 4.0 diopters. Sciascopically Mi 2.0 d. A repeated course of treatment after 3 months is recommended.

Thus, as a result of training, uncorrected visual acuity increases, the margin of relative accommodation increases, the value of the optimal spectacle correction decreases, and asthenopic complaints also disappear.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention and treatment of acquired myopia, which consists in conducting training using prisms mounted with a base to the nose, placed in a trial spectacle frame, characterized in that the prisms from a horizontal position are periodically rotated 6-15 times counterclockwise by 5-15 ° to the position vertically, in between turns, the patient looks into the distance through the prisms for 1-3 minutes, then the prisms are set to their original position and periodically rotated 6-15 times clockwise 5-15 ° to the vertical position potassium, in the intervals between turns the patient also looks into the distance for 1-3 minutes, the strength of the prisms during training gradually increase from 2.0 to 6.0-7.0, etc. diopters.