RU2728596C1 - Device for combing upper part of soya stem - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used in soya harvesting machines by means of root cultivation. Device for combing upper part of soya stem comprises reel and combs. Reel racks are mounted on reel. Each plank is made in the form of wire bracket. Combs are placed in an alternating order with them. Combs are installed so that they can be rotated by means of a gear engaged with the fixed gear wheel, which creates different angular speeds of rotation of combing combs and reel.EFFECT: invention ensures achievement of technical result consisting in improvement of quality of comb, especially upper part, leguminous crops (in particular, soya) by creation of combined scheme of reel of combine harvester with combing elements.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering and can be used in devices for harvesting soybeans by combing on the standing.

It is known "A device for stripping standing grain" containing a reel, a header, hung on an inclined chamber of a combine harvester, containing a housing, a conveyor, auger, a rotor, on which rows of stripping fingers are rigidly fixed (Patent No. 2299551 RU, 27.05.2007, bull. 15).

The disadvantage of this device is high losses during harvesting of legumes (in particular soybeans).

The closest in technical essence is a header for stripping grain crops on the vine, (Patent No. 2651141 RU, 18.04.2018, bulletin No. 11), containing a copying platform with support shoes and field dividers, a reel with rakes and blades, a stripping drum with combs , auger, unloading device with a fan and crop lifters. The reel in the design of this device is made with two eccentric and is equipped with additional rows of spring tines.

The disadvantage of this device is the high losses of neotom during harvesting legumes (in particular soybeans) due to the impact of the reel rake, leading to incomplete stripping of the upper part of the plants.

The problem to be solved by the invention is to improve the quality of stripping, especially the upper part, of legumes (in particular soybeans) by creating a combined reel scheme of a combine harvester with stripping elements.

The technical result of the proposed device for stripping the upper part of the soybean stalk is achieved by the fact that the reel strips are installed on the reel, made in the form of a wire staple, and stripping combs alternating with them, which are driven into rotation by gears meshing with a fixed gear wheel, which creates different angular speeds of rotation of stripping combs and reel.

FIG. 1 shows a scheme of stripping of soybeans according to the reel principle, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the design of a reel with rotating stripper combs; FIG. 3 - the design of the reel strip, Fig. 4 - combing comb.

The proposed device for stripping the upper part of the stalk of soybeans includes strips of the reel 1, which are a wire brace (Fig. 3), which tilt the soybean plants, while the stripping combs 3 rotating in rollers 2 with a constantly given gear ratio, different from the speed of rotation of the reel , are meshed by gears 4 with a fixed gear wheel 5, which makes it possible to set the frequency of rotation of the combing combs higher than the peripheral speed of rotation of the reel strips 1.

The device for stripping the upper part of the stem works as follows. When the header for stripping soybeans moves, the reel bar 1, which is a wire clip (Fig. 3), tilts the stalks of soybeans, while the teeth of the stripping combs 3, rotating in rollers 2 with a constant gear ratio, do not interact with the soybean stalk. With some rotation (scrolling) of the reel, the bar of the reel 1 ceases to interact with the plants, which at the same time begin to straighten out under the influence of elastic forces. Gears 4, which are in engagement with a toothed wheel 5, drive the stripping combs 3 rotating counter to the main stripping drum, which interact with the upper part of the soybean stalk and strip the beans. Due to the fact that the speed of rotation of the stripping combs 3 is greater than the speed of rotation of the reel strips 1, the soybeans fall into the rotation zone of the lower drum (not indicated in the figure), and do not fall to the ground, and the strips of the reel 1 have time to tilt the soybean stalks. knocking out the grain from the beans.

The disadvantages of the existing designs of stripping devices (with two drums or with one stripping drum and a reel operating as in a classic header) is the impossibility of full-fledged harvesting of legumes with the arrangement of beans along the entire length of the stem (in particular soybeans), in connection with which there are increased losses: in the first case, due to the effect of the combs on the beans, leading to cracking of the beans and loss of grain by ejection forward when both drums rotate in the same direction, when the drums rotate towards each other, a blow is observed on the plant by the combs of the first drum from top to bottom, and shedding of grains and beans; in the second case, the upper part of leguminous plants is not fully combed with a drum and an increased separation of the upper parts of the plants is observed.

The proposed device for stripping the upper part of the stem in double-drum headers allows stripping with minimal crop losses due to the inclination of the stem with the reel bar and combing with a comb rotating counter to the main stripping drum.

Claims (1)

A device for stripping the upper part of the stalk of soybeans, containing a reel and combs, characterized in that the reel strips are installed on the reel, made in the form of a wire staple, and combing combs alternating with them, which are driven into rotation by gears meshed with a fixed gear wheel, which creates different angular speeds of rotation of the stripper combs and the reel.

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