RU2723771C1 - Fire truck - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motor vehicle industry.SUBSTANCE: fire truck containing a chassis with high cross-country capacity, on which are installed internal combustion engine (ICE) with a power takeoff shaft, a cabin with fire extinguishing controls and a body with fire equipment, including a fire assault ladder with a lifting drive, water tank with shutoff valves, water fire extinguishing means, fire pump, water and water intake hoses, wherein the assault ladder is extendable and is installed on the vehicle body roof, on the cabin roof of which there is a cleaning table for fixation of fire extinguishing means. According to the invention, it additionally comprises a fire protection vehicle water protection device, a vehicle glass protection device against damage by mechanical objects of the fire center and a device for delivery of fire extinguishing means to the fire source, wherein water protection device comprises spray heads, installed with possibility of formation of water curtain from fire from sides and from front part of car, device for protection of glass of a car is made in the form of detachable metal grids, and the device for delivery of fire extinguishing means to the fire center is made in the form of a detachable tee equipped with means of attachment to crossbars of the upper end of the assault ladder and couplings for connecting the tee piece to the inlet to the outlet of water-pressure pipes, and on outputs – with fire extinguishing means.EFFECT: fire truck is proposed.10 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, specifically to fire engines, designed to deliver combat crew, fire-technical weapons and a supply of fire-extinguishing substances to the place of fire, mainly water to extinguish fires in settlements and in rural areas with low-rise buildings.

The level of technology.

Fire trucks are known / GOST R 53247-2009 "Fire engineering. Fire trucks. Classification, types and designations"; Presnov A.I., Kamentsev A.Ya., Ivanov A.G. etc. Fire trucks: A textbook of a fire truck driver. - St. Petersburg, 2006.-507s .; RU 2318565; RU 83188; RU 73792 / based on a three-axle wheeled chassis of a high-passability (off-road) Ural automobile.

These fire trucks are designed to extinguish fires (fires) at heights of up to 10-12 meters and contain a cabin and a body mounted on a three-axle automobile chassis for the transport of combat crew and fire-technical weapons, respectively.

The closest (by purpose and technical nature) to the claimed invention relates to "Fire truck" / patent RU 73792 /, selected as a prototype of the invention.

Description of the prototype.

A fire truck / RU 73792 / contains an off-road wheeled chassis on which an internal combustion engine (ICE) with a power take-off shaft, a cabin with fire extinguishing controls and a body with fire-fighting equipment, including a sliding fire assault ladder with a lifting drive, a tank for water with shutoff valves, fire extinguishing means, fire pump, water and water intake hoses, and the assault ladder is sliding and mounted on the roof of the car body, on the roof of which there is a fire monitor for attaching fire extinguishing means.

At the same time, fire extinguishing means include a fire monitor mounted on the roof of the cabin, and hand-held water shafts located on the roof of the car. The gun and hand barrels are equipped with quick-detachable fire couplings for quick connection of barrels with water hoses.

The main technical drawback of the well-known fire truck is the reduced fire extinguishing performance associated with the need to manually lift fire trunks and water-supplying hoses (hoses) along the assault ladder to the fire source and with the possibility of stopping the fire extinguishing process due to fire of the fire engine and due to violation of the integrity of the windows fire extinguishing control cabins with fragmentation and falling fire products.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to increase the productivity of the well-known / RU 73792 / fire truck.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Achieving the claimed technical result and solving the problem is provided by the fact that the fire truck (AP) contains a wheeled chassis with cross-country ability. As a wheeled chassis of cross-country ability, the base chassis of the Ural car was used. An internal combustion engine (ICE) with a power take-off shaft, a cab with fire extinguishing controls, and a body with fire-fighting equipment are installed on the chassis.

The fire-fighting equipment of the body includes a water tank with shut-off valves, fire extinguishing means, a fire pump, water and water intake hoses and a sliding fire assault ladder with a lifting drive. The assault ladder is sliding and mounted on the roof of the car body. On the roof of the cab there is a fire monitor for attaching fire extinguishing means.

According to the invention, the fire truck further comprises a fire engine water protection device against fire, a vehicle glass protection device from damage by mechanical objects of the fire source, and a device for delivering fire extinguishing means to the fire source, the water protection device comprising spray heads mounted to form a water curtain against fire on the sides and on the front of the car, the car window protection device is made in the form of removable metal nets, and the fire extinguishing device delivery device to the fire is made in the form of a removable tee equipped with fasteners to the crossbars of the upper end of the assault ladder and couplings for connecting the tee the entrance with the outlet of the water pipes, and the exits with fire extinguishing means.

The introduction of a device for water protection of a fire engine from fire, a device for protecting car windows from damage by mechanical objects of the fire source, and a device for delivering fire extinguishing equipment to the fire source using a retractable assault ladder made it possible to extinguish fires in the immediate vicinity of the fire site.

This, in turn, made it possible to increase the firefighting (AP) firefighting performance by reducing the deployment time of AP fire equipment and by eliminating the downtime of APs in conditions of extensive and explosive fires.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings presented in FIG. 1-5.

Figure 1 presents a drawing explaining water protection from fire and protection from fragments of the window panes of the cab on the sides of the fire truck. In FIG. 2 is a drawing explaining the placement of fire extinguishing means, a sliding assault ladder, and bulky fire equipment on the roofs of the body and cab of a fire truck. In FIG. 3 is a drawing explaining water protection from fire and protection of the windshields of the cab from the front side of the fire truck. In FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating the design of a device for delivering fire extinguishing means to a fire source and means for attaching it to the crossbars of the upper end of the assault ladder. In FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating the design of a removable water sprayer for extinguishing fires.

In FIG. 1-5 are marked:

1 - wheel chassis off-road (Ural car chassis);

2 - internal combustion engine (ICE);

3 - a cabin with fire extinguishing controls;

4 - a body with fire-fighting equipment;

5 - sliding fire assault ladder with a lifting drive;

6 - water tank with shutoff valves;

7 - water fire extinguishing means;

7.1 - water-jet hand barrels;

7.2 - fire monitors;

7.3 - water sprayers;

7.3.1 - hemisphere of the atomizer 7.3;

7.3.2 - a flat plate;

7.3.3 - spray holes;

7.3.4 - detachable coupling;

8 - fire pump;

9 - water pressure hoses;

10 - water intake hoses;

11 - a carriage table (carriage workstation);

11.1 - carriage (fastening mechanism and control of fire extinguishing means);

12 - device for water protection of a fire engine from fire;

13 - a device for protecting a car window panes from damage by mechanical objects of a fire source;

14 - a device for the delivery of fire extinguishing means to the fire;

14.1 - means of fastening the device 14 to the crossbars of the upper end of the sliding ladder 5 (fastening belts with mechanical locks - latches;

15 - spray heads;

16 - water curtain from the fire;

17 - removable metal mesh;

18 - water tee (splitter);

18.1 - horizontal pipe tee 18;

18.2 - inlet pipe of the tee 18;

18.3, 18.4 - output nozzles of the tee 18;

19 - metal-plastic pipe with spray heads 15 for forming a water curtain from the front of a fire truck;

20 - bumper of a fire truck;

21 - metal-plastic pipe with spray heads 15 for forming a water curtain on the sides of a fire truck.

Disclosure of the invention.

According to FIG. 1-5, the fire truck contains a wheeled chassis 1 cross-country. As a wheeled chassis 1 cross-country used the base chassis of the car "Ural". On the chassis 1, an internal combustion engine (ICE) 2 with a power take-off shaft, a cabin 3 with fire extinguishing controls, and a body 4 with fire-fighting equipment are installed. The fire-fighting equipment of the body 4 includes a water tank 6 with shut-off valves, water extinguishing means 7, a fire pump 8, water pressure 9 and water intake 10 hoses and a sliding fire assault ladder 5 with a lifting drive. The shutoff valves of the tank 6 are made in the form of valves with manual, electromechanical or pneumatic control. Assault ladder 5 is sliding and mounted on a lifting drive on the roof of the car body 4. The lifting drive of the assault ladder 5 is made pneumatic, electromechanical or in the form of a kinematic link associated with the distribution box of the power take-off shaft of the engine 2.

On the roof of cab 3 there is a fire monitor (carriage with drive) 11 for attaching fire extinguishing means 7 and controlling the direction of the water stream. The drive of the fireside table, assault ladder 5, and stop valves of the tank 6 are connected by control to the fire extinguishing controls of the car cabin 3.

The fire truck further comprises a fire engine water protection device 12 against fire, a device 13 for protecting the car window panes from damage by mechanical objects of the fire source, and a device 14 for delivering fire extinguishing means to the fire source.

The device 12 water protection of a fire engine from fire contains a system of pipes with spray heads 14 to form a water curtain 16 from fire from the front and sides of the car. To protect the fire truck from the front (frontal) side, the spray heads 14 are evenly mounted on the plastic pipe 19, horizontally located under the front bumper 20 of the fire truck. The water inlet of the pipe 19 is connected through a water conduit and a first electric pump to the shutoff valves of the tank 6 (not shown in the figures). To form a water curtain 16 from fire from the sides of the fire engine, the spray heads 14 are evenly mounted on the plastic pipes 21 horizontally located in the upper parts of the respective sides of the body 4 of the fire engine. The water supply entrances of the pipes 21 are connected by pipelines 22 through a mixer and a second electric pump with shutoff valves of the tank 6 (not shown in the figures) of the fire truck.

The device 13 for protecting car window panes from damage by mechanical objects of the fire source is made in the form of removable metal nets 17 with hinges and fastening fasteners on the window openings of the car cab and inside it in the mode of transportation and storage (not shown in the figures). Removable metal mesh 17 of the device 13 is made with the possibility of protection against falling burning and fragmentation elements of an explosive fire. For this, mesh 17 is made of steel rods welded together with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and with mesh sizes of 60 x 60 mm to 65 x 65 mm.

The fire extinguishing device delivery device 14 to the fire source is made in the form of a removable tee 18 equipped with fastening means to the crossbars of the upper end of the assault ladder 5 and couplings for connecting the tee 18 at the inlet to the outlet of the water pipes 9, and at the exits with fire extinguishing means 7. The tee 18 of the device 14 for delivering fire extinguishing means 7 to the fire source contains a horizontal pipe 18.1 with one inlet 18.2 and with two outlet 18.3, 18.4 nozzles, and means 18.5 for attaching it to the crossbars of the upper end of the sliding ladder 5 - in the form of belts with mechanical locks - latches. In this case, the pipe 18.1 of the tee 18 is made long, corresponding to the width of the upper end of the assault ladder 5, the bore of the pipe 18.1 is with a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the water hose 9. For the possibility of high-level fire fighting from the cab 3 of the car, the outlet pipes 18.3, 18.4 of the tee 18 are deployed around the axis of the horizontal pipe 18.1 relative to the inlet pipe 18.2 at an angle of 85-95 degrees. This allows you to extinguish the fire with the help of removable fire extinguishing means 7, installed on the stairs without raising firefighters along it to a dangerous center of fire.

The removable fire extinguishing means 7 comprise quick-detachable water-jet hand-held shafts 7.1, fire monitors 7.2 and / or water sprays 7.3, equipped with detachable couplings and means for their attachment to the fire monitor on the roof of the cab 3 and / or on the roof of the car body 4. Water-jet hand-held shafts 7.1, fire monitors 7.2 made by the factory production of standard fire equipment, quick-release nozzles 7.3 water - the applicant's own production.

Quick-detachable water nozzles 7.3 are made in the form of a hemisphere 7.3.1. The hemisphere 7.3.1 with the open end is closed with a flat plate 7.3.2 with holes 7.3.3 for economical spraying of water. On the opposite (convex) side of the hemisphere, a detachable sleeve 7.3.4 is installed for connecting to the outlet of the water supply hose 9 through the tee 18 of the device 14 for delivering fire extinguishing means 7 to the fire source. The inlet of the water supply sleeve 9 is connected through the water fittings to the cavity of the tank 6. The tank 6 is equipped with quick-detachable couplings for connecting the water pump, water intake hoses 10. The shut-off valves of the tank 6 are made in the form of mechanical valves, electromagnetic or pneumatic valves connected to the control input with the corresponding regular bodies fire extinguishing control cab 3 cars. To take water from reservoirs that are tens to hundreds of meters away from the fire, coils with flexible fire hoses and a motor pump for remote water intake can be installed in the back of a car 4 (not shown in the figures).

The work of a fire truck.

In standby mode, the tank 6 of the fireman’s car (AP) is filled with water. The valve valves of the shut-off valves of the tank 6 are closed. Water intake sleeves 10, water-jet hand shafts 7.1, fire monitors 7.2, water sprays 7.3 and other large-sized fire extinguishing means 7 are fixed on the body of 4 APs with quick-release clamps. Inside the body 4, in separate compartments, there are built-in shut-off valves of the tank 6, a water pump and / or a removable motor pump with coils of flexible water intake hoses.

In case of fire alarm, the fire department on duty consisting of 3 firefighters takes up places in the cabin of 3 APs and leaves for the fire place.

Upon arrival at the scene of the fire, the first firefighter - the head of the fire brigade, detaches 3 sets of removable metal grids 17 from the hooks in the cab and installs them on the windshield and side windows of the cab 3 of the car, protecting the latter and the crew’s crew from fragments and falling objects from the fire. Next, it takes the driver’s workplace with fire extinguishing controls and controls the installation and preparation of the AP fire equipment for operation according to the corresponding instrumentation equipment of the cabin 3. At the same time, the second fireman climbs the built-in ladder from the rear of the 4 AP body to its roof. Detaches the water intake hoses 10 from the roof of the body 4 AP and transfers them to the ground to the third fireman, and he installs and secures the fire extinguishing device 14 on the sliding end of the assault ladder 5 to the fire, with the corresponding straps with locks - the grips of the stairs 5. After fixing the device 14, at the retractable end of the ladder 5, this fireman connects to the coupling of the inlet pipe 18.2 of the tee 18 of the device 14 the output end of the water hose 9, and to its two outlet pipes 18.3, 18.4 the necessary two means 7 for high-altitude fire extinguishing, for example, a water-jet hand barrel 7.1 and a spray 7.3 water, or two spray 7.3 water. The gun barrel 7.2 he installs on the gun monitor table of the roof of the cabin 3 AP. The third fireman at the same time connects to the shutoff valves of the tank 6 water intake hoses 10 for water intake into the tank 6 from the column of the external water main. In the absence of a water main, a firefighter rolls up reel fire hoses and pulls them to the nearest body of water. Then, at the remote end of the assembled hose system, he installs a motor pump, the intake end of which is lowered into an open reservoir, for example, into a fire pond.

Upon completion of the deployment of fire fighting equipment on the roof of the AP body 4, the fire cockpit 3 of the control includes a device 12 for water protection of the fire truck from fire by turning on the electric pumps and valves of the shut-off valves of the tank 6, which are responsible for supplying water to the nozzles 15 of the plastic pipes 19 and 21 installed from the front and the sides of the AP. In this case, a water curtain 16 from fire is formed from the front and sides of the AP. With the water curtain turned on, 16 APs are brought in by the first fireman from the driver’s seat closer to the fire site. Next, the first fireman turns on the drive of the assault ladder 5 and with its help raises and moves the ladder in the direction of the fire source. At the same time, the delivery device 14, mounted on the end of the sliding section of the assault ladder 5, pulls a water hose 9 and fire extinguishing means 7, mounted on the tee 18 of the device 14, to the fire source. After completing the lifting of the fire extinguishing means 7 to the fire, the first fireman from the control panel of the cabin 3 issues a command to turn on the fire pump and to turn on the corresponding valve of the shut-off valves of the tank 6. In this case, under the pressure of the fire pump, water from the tank 6 through the open valve and pressure hose 5 comes to fire extinguishing means 7, raised by a ladder 5 to a high-altitude fire center. At the same time, the second fireman takes a workplace on the cabin 3 AP and proceeds to extinguish the fire monitors 7.2 installed on the fire monitors 11 cab 3 AP AP ground fires. When weakening the external fire of the fire source and the need to extinguish the fire inside the high-altitude object, the third firefighter, under the cover of the water stream of the fire monitor of the second firefighter, rises along the assault ladder 5, breaks the window glass of the burning room. Then, using a hand-held water-jet barrel or spray 7.3, connected by extension hoses to the outlet pipes 18.3 and 18.4 of the device 14 mounted on the fire escape, it extinguishes the flame indoors.

After the fire extinguishing of the fire has been completed, the fire brigade rolls up the fire equipment in the reverse order of its deployment and returns to the fire department on permanent deployment. Next, the process of using AP in the next fire is repeated.

The invention is not limited to the presented example of its implementation. In the framework of the present invention, other variants of its implementation are possible, without going beyond the scope of this invention. In particular, the tank 6 AP can be divided into separate sections for water, antifoam and gas suppressant. Water hoses and intake hoses can be equipped with repair-removable couplings for closing fistulas and incisions during fire fighting. As a highly passable chassis, the KAMAZ wheeled chassis, tracked chassis or combined chassis based on wheelsets and tracks can be selected.

Industrial applicability.

The invention is developed at the level of a prototype AP and is ready for industrial development. Tests of the prototype AP showed the possibility and expediency of its use in areas with an underdeveloped road structure, mainly in rural areas. At the same time, the firefighting vehicle’s fire extinguishing performance was increased due to the reduction in deployment time of AP fire equipment, by eliminating the downtime of AP in conditions of extensive and explosive fires.

Claims (10)

1. A fire truck containing a cross-country chassis on which an internal combustion engine (ICE) with a power take-off shaft, a cabin with fire extinguishing controls and a body with fire-fighting equipment, including a fire assault ladder with a lifting drive, a water tank with a shut-off valve, are installed valves, fire extinguishing agents, fire pump, water and the water intake hose, with the scaling-ladder made of extensible and installed on the roof of a car body, a roof cab which is mounted lafetnyj table for mounting fire extinguishing means, characterized in that it further comprises a device water protection fire engine from fire, a device for protecting automobile windows from damage by mechanical objects of a fire source and a device for delivering fire extinguishing means to a fire source, the water protection device comprising spray heads mounted to form a water curtain against fire from a fire on the sides of the car and on the front of the car, the car glass protection device is made in the form of removable metal grids, and the fire extinguishing means delivery device to the fire source is made in the form of a removable tee equipped with fasteners to the crossbars of the upper end of the assault ladder and couplings for connecting the tee at the entrance to water pipes exit, and exits with fire extinguishing means. 2. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire extinguishing means comprise quick-detachable water-jet hand barrels, fire monitors and / or water sprayers equipped with detachable couplings and means of their fastening on the roof of the body and / or on the roof of the car cabin. 3. The vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the quick-detachable water sprayers are made in the form of a hemisphere, closed with a flat plate at its open end with holes for economical spraying of water, a detachable sleeve is installed on the convex side of the hemisphere for connecting to the outlet of the water hose through the device’s tee fire extinguishing means delivery to the fire source. 4. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray heads for forming a water curtain from the fire from the front of the vehicle are mounted on a metal-plastic pipe horizontally located under the bumper of the fire engine, the water supply of which is connected through the water conduit and the first electric pump with shut-off valves of the tank . 5. The car according to claim 4, characterized in that the water conduit is made in the form of a corrugated rubber hose or in the form of a metal-plastic pipe. 6. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray heads for forming a water curtain from the fire on the sides of the vehicle are mounted on plastic pipes horizontally located in the upper parts of the respective sides of the body of the fire truck, the water supply entrances of which are connected by pipelines through a mixer and a second electric pump with tank shutoff valves. 7. The car according to claim 1, characterized in that the removable metal mesh of the device for protecting the car windows from damage by mechanical objects of the fire source is made of steel rods welded together with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and with mesh sizes of 60 x 60 mm to 65 x 65 mm. 8. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the tee of the fire extinguishing means delivery device to the fire source contains a horizontal pipe with one inlet and with two outlet pipes, and the means for attaching it to the crossbars of the upper end of the sliding ladder are in the form of belts with mechanical locks– latches, and the tee pipe is made with a length corresponding to the width of the upper end of the assault ladder, the pipe aperture is with a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the water supply sleeve, the outlet pipes of the tee are deployed around the axis of the horizontal pipe relative to the inlet pipe at an angle of 85-95 degrees. 9. The car according to claim 1, characterized in that the base wheel chassis of the Ural vehicle is used as an off-road chassis. 10. The car according to claim 1, characterized in that the shut-off valves of the tank are made in the form of mechanical valves, electromagnetic or pneumatic valves connected at the control input to the appropriate fire extinguishing controls of the car cabin.

Images