RU2631170C1 - Universal fire installation of combined method of fire extinguishing fire of oil products and oil and gas sector installations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: universal fire unit for a combined fire extinguishing method for oil product tanks and oil and gas facilities includes a connection head, a foam generator with a mesh for breaking fire foam, a switch for changing the foam multiplicity. On the way of passage of the solution, a two-way branch is established through the connecting heads, which is a steel pipe branched into two, at the branching point of the pipes, a shut-off valve is installed on the inside, to which the remote switch transmits a mechanical signal to the electric drive located in the control section of the foam-lift, through a corrugated tube with an electric cable, pushed through the entire length of the knees of the foam elevator, to change the path of motion of the foam p as well as the foam multiplicity, then the foam solution enters the typical fire barrel. When using a combined method of fire extinguishing oil and petroleum products, a step-by-step approach to the combustion focus of foam of low and medium multiplicity is proposed with the help of a universal fire installation with high foam consumption and with the possibility of a remote change in the multiplicity produced in the foam trunk.

EFFECT: increase the effectiveness of quenching.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of creating technical fire protection systems for reservoirs and production facilities of the oil and gas industry (production columns, process pipelines, etc.).

There are fire barrels of the type “GPS” (medium-sized foam generator), “Purga” (produces medium-frequency foam with a high foam consumption), “MASTER STREAM-ru” (production of Germany, produces low-frequency foam with a relatively high consumption and high range) jet), SVP (air-foamy barrel, produces foam of low multiplicity). But fire trunks of the type “GPS”, “Purga”, “MASTER STREAM-ru” do not have design features that allow to produce foam of different multiplicity in combination on fire. Their design does not provide for branching and connecting heads for two or more fire trunks, so they do not have the ability to simultaneously use different fire trunks without removing it from the height of the foam lifter. Also, their design does not provide for remote control.

Known mobile multi-purpose foam generator (RF patent No. 2308996, C2, А62С 27/00, publ. 2007), including a container for water or a foaming agent, a pump with an electric motor, a comb for connecting medium-sized foam generators and fire trunks, pipelines, hoses and fittings, additionally equipped with foam generators of low multiplicity (K <20) and high-foam (K = 200-1000), a valve is installed on the comb, which allows you to adjust the flow rate of the foaming solution supplied to the high-foam foam generator with with a stroke of 0.5-10 l / min. The tank is equipped with a cap designed to seal it when pressure is created in it up to 6 atmospheres using third-party sources of compressed air, such as a compressor or cylinder with compressed air or inert gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide) of high pressure, equipped with a gearbox. The installation is mounted on a trolley [http://www.freepatent.ru/patents/2308996].

The disadvantage of the analogue is that the design does not have the ability to adapt to the method of extinguishing oil product tanks using a foam elevator, which is most often used in fire extinguishing practice, and excludes mobile remote movement and control of fire barrels (changing the height and angle of the fire barrel, foam multiplicity) from the pump compartment of the foam elevator control at the level of extinguishing tanks and oil products installations. The design of the installation provides a pump that excludes the possibility of using a fire truck pump and reduces the mobility of use with the existing fire department equipment. The installation has a design for the foam blower or water, which reduces its mobility when fighting a fire, despite the presence of a cart, since the speed of movement and combat deployment of a fire truck with a cart is much lower. The design includes a compressor, a cylinder with compressed air and a gearbox, which complicate the operation of the installation and reduce the mobility of use. The design provides for the need to stretch when extinguishing at a height of several working hose lines with fire hoses for each type of fire barrel separately, which reduces the speed of movement of the complex of fire trunks, reduces the combat deployment time in case of fire due to weight gain and additional fire-technical weapons.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the fire barrel "SVPK-4" (air-foamy barrel combined with a flow rate of 4-6% foaming solution of at least 4 l / s). "SVPK-4" is intended for the formation and direction of jets of air-mechanical foam of low and medium multiplicity when fighting fires, as well as for blocking the flow. The versatility of the barrel is due to the possibility of implementing in one product (without changing the barrel) the functions of the single-mode trunks “SVP” (low-foam air-foam) and “GPS-600” (medium-foam foam generator) by supplying foam in different modes and forming a low foam jet and medium multiplicity [http://www.mchs.gov.ru/document/219075]. The design of the fire barrel has a manual switch on the path of the fire foam solution before exiting the foam generator, which changes the spray angle. Due to the change in the spray angle, the movement of the foam changes: the foam solution is either supplied to a large volume of “GPS” (medium foam generator) and produces medium foam there, or to the fire barrel “SVP” (air-foam barrel) located inside the GPS ”, And produces“ SVP ”foam of only low multiplicity. Due to this, there is a combination of foam supply of either medium multiplicity or low multiplicity.

The disadvantages of this technical solution is the relatively small volume of the foam generator of medium multiplicity (overall dimensions of the barrel 330 × 570 mm, weight 4.2 kg, foaming agent consumption 4-5 l / s). As a result, the fire barrel has a low fire extinguishing agent consumption compared to Purga-60 type fire barrels (overall dimensions 1242 × 1055 × 547 mm, weight 70 kg, foaming agent consumption 60 l / s) and MASTER STREAM-ru (weight 27 kg, productivity 9-80 l / s), which are more often used than other fire barrels for extinguishing fires of oil products and oil stored in tanks or a production plant. Due to the low consumption of the foam solution and the performance of the foam, the extinguishing efficiency is reduced. The SVPK-4 design does not provide for a remote control unit with an electric cable that transmits mechanical force to the barrel spray angle switch, so there is no remote control when using it at a height on a mobile foam lifter. Each time, in order to change the foam multiplicity, it is necessary to lower it down and manually switch the spraying angle of the blowing agent, or provide for a firefighter to lift it in a special cradle on the foam lifter. The design of "SVPK-4" has no branches with connecting heads and does not provide for the possibility of installing other more modern types of fire barrels and an increase in the consumption of a foaming agent.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device that allows, without lowering the foam lifter to the ground level to replace fire trunks and change the foam ratio when extinguishing a fire, use the fire barrel (or trunks) at the height of the foam supplied with mobile (mobile) fire fighting equipment (auto-lift) using proven fire barrels of the “Purga-60” and “MASTER STREAM-ru” types, which have a high consumption of extinguishing agent.

This problem is solved by the fact that in a universal fire installation for a combined method of extinguishing a fire of oil product tanks and installations of the oil and gas industry, including a connecting head, a foam generator with a mesh for splitting fire foam, a foam change ratio switch, according to the proposed technical solution, the solution is installed through connecting pipes two-way branching heads, which is a steel pipe, branched into two, at the point of branching of pipes from the inside a shutoff valve is installed on the front side, to which the remote switch transmits mechanical force by applying an electric signal to the electric drive located in the control box of the foam lifter, through a corrugated tube with an electric cable laid through the entire length of the elbow of the foam lifter, to change the path of the foam solution and the multiplicity of the foam, then foam the solution enters a typical fire barrel.

When using the combined method of extinguishing a fire of oil and oil products, it is proposed to stage-by-stage supply of low and medium multiplicity foam to the burning center using a universal fire installation (hereinafter - “UPU”) with high foam consumption and with the possibility of remote variation of the foam produced in the barrel.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of “UPA”, in FIG. 2 is a side view of the “UPA” with the main technical elements; FIG. 3 shows a general view of the technical system “UPU” together with an auto-lift.

The “UPU” device of the combined method of extinguishing oil products contains the following items: 1 - a mobile autofoam lifter, 2 - a pump, 3 - a fire hose, 4 - a connecting head between the mortar line and the installation, 5 - 2-way branching, 6 - a connecting head, 7 - a fire MASTER STREAM-ru barrel nozzle, 8 — remote switch, 9 — electric cable, 10 — electric drive, 11 — shutoff valve, 12 — connecting head, 13 — Purga-60 fire barrel, 14 — manual switch.

Two-way branching 5 consists of a brass, aluminum or steel pipe, branched into two pipes with an inner diameter of 125 mm to separate the path of the fire foam solution, connecting heads 4, 6, 12 typical [http://gidro.tech-group.pro/ golovki_bogdanova], electric drive 10 (power window motor BA3-1118, 2123 left (StartVolt) VWR 0117), manual switch 14, shutoff valve 11 (made of material resistant to aggressive chemical media) located at the branching site is rough on the inside.

Fire barrel nozzles 7 "MASTER STREAM-ru": typical [http://poisk-ru.ru/s50312t1.html].

A corrugated metal tube with an electric cable 9 with an internal diameter of 30 mm is fastened with metal clamps to a foam lifter based on the IVECO chassis with a working height of the foam lifter 38 m or on the basis of the Kamaz chassis with a working height of 32 m, a heat-resistant electric wire of the Wire type is installed inside the corrugated tube PRKA 0,75 "about 50 m long.

Remote switch 8 for switching the path of the foam solution and changing the foam ratio is located in the foam compartment control compartment.

Fire barrel 13 "Purga-60" typical [http://www.pogzashita.ru/shop/139/desc/uktp-purga-60-stacionarnaja].

"UPU" works as follows: the installation is placed on a mobile foam truck 1 and raised to the height of the fire extinguishing of the tank or production plant (N = 20-38 m). Foam solution is fed to the pump 2 in the car, the fire hoses 3 are filled, reaching the height at which the "UPU" is located, and the connecting head 4 between the mortar line and the installation.

Next, the fire foam solution passes along path A (Fig. 2): through a 2-way branch 5 from the connecting head 4 to the connecting head 6, then the solution passes to the fire barrel-nozzle 7 "MASTER STREAM-ru". In the fire barrel nozzle 7 "MASTER STREAM-ru" low-frequency foam is produced and fed to the fire area.

After a certain time, a situation arises in a fire when the supply of low-foam foam must be stopped and medium-sized foam can be fed into the fire area.

In this situation, the foam solution is stopped by stopping the pump 2, located in the fire truck pump control compartment at ground level, the remaining foam solution from the two-way branching 5 through the fire barrel-nozzles 7 "MASTER STREAM-ru" drains at the height of the fire extinguishing (since its tilt angle in working condition contributes to this). Then there is a remote control: by pressing switch 8 and applying an electric signal through a corrugated tube with an electric cable 9, laid through the entire length of the elbows of the foam lifter 1, to the electric actuator 10, by transmitting mechanical action to the shutoff valve 11, changing the future path of the foam solution from path A to path B (Fig. 2).

After changing the position of the shutoff valve 11 to the position of the movement of the solution along path B, the fire pump 1 starts to work, which supplies the same foam solution to the “UPU”. Fire foam solution passes along path B (Fig. 2): through a 2-way branching 5 from the connecting head 4 to the connecting head 12, then the solution passes to the fire barrel 13 "Blizzard-60". In the fire barrel 13 "Purga-60" foam is produced and fed with medium multiplicity to the area of the fire.

There is a combination of tactics of extinguishing with foam of different multiplicity. Estimated time of foam change from medium to low or vice versa, using "UPU", established by experts, 0.5 minutes. The time for replacing the fire barrel in the “UPU” and changing the foam ratio, lowering the foam elevator to the ground and replacing the fire barrel established by experience, is about 4 minutes. In this way, time is saved when extinguishing a fire for about 3.5 minutes.

In the developed branch 5 “UPA”, the shut-off valve 11, which has the function of a motion switch, can remotely direct the fire foam from one path A for the production of low-foam foam to another path B for the production of medium-foam foam. The design of "UPU" (Fig. 2) is technologically different from the existing fire barrel "SVPK-4", which has the same properties in changing the multiplicity of the foam during fire fighting. In “UPU”, to change the form of foam production and to obtain foam of medium or low multiplicity, the way of movement of the foam solution is changed by changing the transfer volumes of two-way branch pipes, and in “SVPK-4” the way of movement of the foam solution is changed by changing the spray angle from the nozzle of the fire barrel. Thus, it turns out to be more stable in terms of multiplicity of foam at the exit from the fire barrel, since it is not even partially sprayed on the sides along the path of movement.

The advantages of the proposed “UPU” in comparison with the fire barrel “SVPK-4” are a higher consumption of foaming agent and the possibility of using 2 types of fire barrels of the type “Purga-60” and “MASTER STREAM-ru” and the ability to remotely change the foam ratio (not lowering the foam lifter to the ground - remote control). It is proposed to introduce “UPU”, which will be able to stage-by-stage supply foam of low and medium multiplicity with high foam consumption into the combustion chamber, will be able to remotely change the multiplicity of foam produced in the barrel without losing time to replace one type of fire barrel with another in a mobile foam lifter (about 4 min).

The versatility of “UPU” is due to the possibility of implementing in one product (without changing the trunk) the functions of single-mode barrels of the “SVP” type (low-air-foam) or “MASTER STREAM-ru”, and the medium-frequency foam generator “GPS-600”, “Blizzard” -60 "or" Blizzard-100 "and the formation of a jet of foam of low and medium multiplicity in one product.

Claims (1)

A universal fire installation for a combined method of extinguishing a fire of oil product tanks and installations of the oil and gas industry, including a connecting head, a foam generator with a mesh for breaking fire foam, a foam change ratio switch, characterized in that a two-way branching is installed on the path of the solution through the connecting heads, which is steel a pipe branched into two, in the place of branching of pipes from the inside, a shut-off valve is installed, on which Reda mechanical force remote switch feeding electrical signal to the actuator disposed in penopodemnika control compartment through the corrugated tube with electrical cable, sandwiched over the entire length penopodemnika knees, to change the path of movement of the foam solution and the foam multiplicity more foam solution enters the barrel of a typical firefighter.

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