RU2719585C1 - Method of determining secretion of mixed saliva and device for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to therapeutic dentistry, and can be used in diagnosing salivary gland diseases. Disclosed method for determining secretion of mixed saliva involves recording the rate and volume of saliva secreted. Saliva samples in each patient are sampled by a device which is a cylinder made of medical plastic 1 cm high, wall thickness of 2 mm, inner diameter of 5 mm, made in the cylinder are saw cuts located at distance of 1 mm from each other, in each of them there is filter paper with a circular hole of diameter 0.5 mm in the centre. Device is placed on the oral cavity for 60 seconds, then the degree of filter paper wetness in the device is assessed by pulling the filter paper from bottom to top and the rate and volume of the mixed saliva are determined. Soaking of 1 to 2 filter papers corresponds to hyposalivation (0.3–3.0 ml) of saliva freely flowing from oral cavity, up to 3 filter papers - normal secretion (3.1–6.0 ml), from 4 and more filtering papers - hypersecretion (6.1 and more ml). Also disclosed is a device for determining the rate and volume of secretion of mixed saliva, made of medical plastic in the form of a cylinder with height of 1 cm, wall thickness of 2 mm, inner diameter of 5 mm; in the cylinder there are cuts located from each other at distance of 1 mm, in each of them there is a filter paper with a round hole of diameter 0.5 mm in the centre. Use of the group of inventions is effective for objective recording of the volume of saliva, which is expressed in the amount of wet filtering paper as a result of its impregnation with salivary secretion. Using the method, determination of the amount of non-stimulated saliva takes place in a short period of time with a full clinical and functional result; besides, no adverse reactions, including allergic reactions, are noted.EFFECT: method is well tolerated by patients.2 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be used in the study of diseases of the salivary glands, for the diagnosis of xerostomia.

Various methods for diagnosing xerostomia are known. Currently, analogues are used in dentistry:

1. Patent for invention A. 5,334,502 Method of collecting, identifying, and quantifying saliva, JP 2005257604 A Simple method and tool for determining caries risk. The method is designed to determine the quality of saliva during the sample collection procedure, as well as to verify that the resulting sample is actually saliva. Color indications by dye markers and / or enzymatic activation of color indicators indicate that at least a predetermined amount of saliva has been applied to the absorbent, and the enzymatic reaction indicates that the collected sample contains saliva.

2. Patent for invention US 20060073538 A1 In-vitro diagnostic medical devices for determining saliva volume. The invention relates to a method for collecting saliva from the oral cavity to detect an analyte, comprising the steps of (a) cleaning the oral cavity, (c) stimulating the secretion of saliva during the collection of the solution, (c) removing saliva, and (d) collecting the mixture solution in an airtight vessel.

3. Patent for invention JP 2005257604 A Simple method and tool for determining caries risk. In this method, during the time necessary to obtain a fixed volume of saliva, saliva must pass through a filter under constant pressure, thus the saliva filterability is assessed and the risk of caries development is determined. The higher the saliva viscosity due to the presence of streptococcus, sedimentary amount (mainly plaque), the greater the risk of tooth decay. All these factors act to reduce the salivability of the saliva. Accordingly, if saliva has a high risk of caries, then filterability worsens.

In the above patents, saliva is collected, but not to determine the amount of saliva, but to identify substances in it.

And also the presented diagnostic methods can not always be applied in small clinics, and in remote district hospitals due to the lack of diagnostic equipment and reagents.

4. The rate of unstimulated salivation was determined according to the method described by Dawes 1990, Jentisch 2004, Marton 2004 (Mixed saliva was collected without stimulation. The collection was carried out from 15 to 16 hours no earlier than 2 hours after eating and once rinsing the mouth with 30 ml of distilled water To determine the volume of salivation, saliva freely flowing from the oral cavity without ingestion was collected in a measuring tube for 10 minutes, Interpretation of the results: hyposecretion - 0.3-3.0 ml, normal secretion - 3.1-6.0 ml, hypersecretion 6.1 and more ml.) Vavilova T.P. Saliva analytical capabilities and prospects / T.P. Vavilova, O.O. Yanushevich, I.G. Ostrovskaya // Publishing house Binom - 2014. - S. 36-37.

This method is successfully used in medicine, but has a disadvantage in the time of research and interpretation of the results.

The aim of the present invention is to obtain a technologically simple and effective method for the diagnosis of xerostomia, allowing further effective treatment of diseases.

The basis of the invention is the task of developing a method for determining the secretion of mixed saliva.

The inventive method and device for its implementation can reduce the time to determine the amount of unstimulated saliva, to ensure ease of diagnosis, without using additional equipment and reagents. The application of this method in dentistry allows you to have a positive impact on the study of diseases of the salivary glands.

To solve the above problem and confirm the effectiveness of the claimed method, a group of 57 volunteers aged 18 to 65 years was examined in two ways. The first method: mixed saliva was collected without stimulation from 15 to 16 hours, not earlier than 2 hours after a meal and a single rinse of the oral cavity with distilled water in a volume of 30 ml. To determine the salivation of saliva flowing freely from the oral cavity without ingestion, they were collected in a measuring tube for 10 min. The result was interpreted by the volume of saliva collected.

An hour after the study, the first method was used to study the proposed method: saliva samples from each subject were taken three times, placing the device on the bottom of the oral cavity for 20, 40 and 60 seconds, respectively.

For this, a device was used: a cylinder made of medical plastic with a height of 1 cm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, and an inner diameter of 5 mm. Cuttings are made in the cylinder, which are located at a distance of 1 mm from each other, filter paper with a hole in the center of 0.5 mm is embedded in each cut.

The results were monitored as follows: the filter paper was pulled from the bottom up, as the paper got wet, the rate of saliva excretion by the salivary glands was determined. Wetting from 1 to 2 filter papers corresponded to hyposalivation (0.3-3.0 ml) of saliva flowing freely from the oral cavity, which was collected in a measuring tube for 10 min; up to 3 filter papers corresponded to normal secretion (3.1-6.0 ml); from 4 and more hypersecretion filter papers (6.1 or more ml).

A brief description of the drawings.

FIG. 1 - A cylinder 1 cm high, a wall thickness of 2 mm (1), an internal cylinder diameter of 5 mm (2).

FIG. 2 - Cuttings are made in the cylinder, cuts are separated from each other through 1 mm (3), filter paper with a hole in the center of 0.5 mm is embedded in each of them.

The use of this method and device allows you to quickly and without the use of additional methods and devices to determine the amount of unstimulated saliva.

Example 1. Volunteer K.V. A., 34 years old, practically healthy. Mixed saliva was collected without stimulation from 15 to 16 hours, not earlier than 2 hours after a meal and a single rinse of the oral cavity with distilled water in a volume of 30 ml. To determine the salivation of saliva flowing freely from the oral cavity without ingestion, they were collected in a measuring tube for 10 min. According to the volume of saliva collected, the result was interpreted:

hyposecretion - 0.3-3.0 ml,

normal secretion - 3.1-6.0

ml, hypersecretion - 6.1 ml or more.

The same volunteer was examined by our device; a cylinder was placed on the bottom of the oral cavity for 20, 40 and 60 seconds. The degree of wetting of the filter paper in the cylinder was evaluated. The results of the study in a known and proposed manner are presented in table 1.

The use of univariate analysis of variance confirmed the high reliability of the differences (p = 0.003). A high level of correlation (0.898; p <0.05) was established between the amount of saliva secreted and the filter paper getting wet for 60 seconds. The data obtained indicate that the proposed method allows you to effectively and reliably determine the rate of salivation in contrast to the existing one.

The proposed method for determining the secretion of mixed saliva helps to increase the objectivity in recording the amount of saliva secreted, which is expressed in the amount of wet filter paper as a result of its soaking in the excreted saliva, and creating a method for recording the level of salivation.

When using the proposed method, the determination of the amount of non-stimulated saliva occurs in a short time with a full clinical and functional result, in addition, no adverse reactions, including allergic ones, were noted. The method for determining the level of saliva secretion is well tolerated by patients, has simplicity, low cost and can be recommended for use in dentistry.

The present invention turned out to achieve a technologically simple quick and effective method for the diagnosis of xerostomia, which allows further effective treatment of diseases.

Claims (2)

1. The method of determining the secretion of mixed saliva, including recording the speed and volume of saliva secreted, characterized in that the saliva samples from each subject are taken using a device that is a cylinder made of medical plastic, 1 cm high, 2 mm wall thickness , with an inner diameter of 5 mm, cuts were made in the cylinder at a distance of 1 mm from each other, filter paper with a round hole of 0.5 mm diameter in the center was inserted into each of them, the device was installed on the bottom of the cavity mouth for a period of 60 seconds, then assess the degree of wetting of the filter paper in the device by pulling the filter paper from the bottom up and determine the speed and volume of excretion of mixed saliva; in this case, wetting from 1 to 2 filter papers corresponds to hyposalivation (0.3-3.0 ml) of saliva flowing freely from the oral cavity, up to 3 filter papers - normal secretion (3.1-6.0 ml), from 4 or more filter papers - hypersecretion (6.1 ml or more). 2. A device for determining the speed and volume of secretion of mixed saliva, made of medical plastic in the form of a cylinder with a height of 1 cm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm; cuts were made in the cylinder, located at a distance of 1 mm from each other, filter paper with a round hole of 0.5 mm diameter in the center was embedded in each of them.

Images