RU2716010C1 - Method for decontamination of contaminated equipment of metal articles and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: decontamination.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to decontamination of metal surfaces of objects. Disclosed is a method of decontaminating contaminated metal articles, wherein water is supplied to the decontaminated surface, electrohydraulic impacts in water are performed by pulsed spark-arc discharges, water is pumped out with a pump, cleaned of radioactive particles and metal salts dissolved in it and returned to the decontamination zone. Decontamination process is carried out in working vessel, bottom of which is made with at least two sections of different depth. There is also a device for decontamination of contaminated metal articles.

EFFECT: group of inventions makes it possible to increase efficiency of decontamination process by selecting the optimum part of the bath, in which purification is performed in accordance with the dimensions of the product.

5 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of decontamination of metal surfaces of objects having radioactive deposits.

It is known "DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CLEANING METAL SURFACES FROM RADIOACTIVE POLLUTIONS" RU 2169404 [1], which contains a liquid-filled container for accommodating the object to be cleaned and a pulse source, equipped with an electrode system connected to a high voltage pulse source.

The disadvantages of the known design are low efficiency and environmental friendliness, due to the high consumption of water.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is "METHOD FOR SPARKLING DEACTIVATION OF METAL SURFACES WITH A CLOSED WATER SUPPLY CYCLE" RU 2172992 [2], The method of decontamination of metal surfaces, in which water is supplied to the deactivated surface by means of electric hydraulics create in the quenching discharge, water is pumped out of the pump, purified from the dissolved radioactive particles and metal salts in it and returned to the decontamination zone, de Activation is carried out in the working capacity.

The known method is more environmentally friendly and economical, since it involves the use of a closed water cycle.

The disadvantage of this method is the reduced profitability, environmental friendliness and efficiency, due to the need to use a large working capacity.

The technical result of the invention is to increase profitability, environmental friendliness, efficiency.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of decontamination of metal surfaces, in which water is supplied to the surface to be decontaminated, carries out electro-hydraulic shocks in water due to pulsed spark-arc discharges (which are created by quenching the discharge), the water is pumped out, and the radioactive particles dissolved in it are purified and metal salts and returned to the decontamination zone, the decontamination process is carried out in a working tank (with a single water area), the bottom of which is made with at least two departments (sections, sectors) of varying depth (the bottom of each department is located at a level that differs from the neighboring department in depth).

The device for decontamination of contaminated metal products, contains a working capacity, an electric discharge, a water collector, a pump, a filter is characterized by the fact that the bottom of the working capacity is made with at least two departments with different (from each other) depth.

Partitions between departments with different depths can be installed in the working tank, and the partitions have cutouts in the upper part, the width and depth of the cutout corresponds to the width and depth of the shallowest part of the tank, the bottom of which is flat, the bottom of the deep sections of the working tank is profiled, in each lower the deepest part of the bottom is a nipple (with a tap for draining the liquid).

The number of departments of the working capacity can be three, the departments are located along the main line, and the deepest section is located on the opposite side to the shallowest part of the side.

The working capacity, electric discharge, water collector, pump, filter can be attached to the inner side of the metal container, which will increase the mobility of the device.

 In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a working container, in FIG. 2 is a top view of the working container, in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a shallow water region, in FIG. 4 is a transverse section through the middle section; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the deepwater region; FIG. 6 wall of the bunker; in FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a deep bath; in FIG. 8 is a plan view of an apparatus mounted in a transport container; FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section through an installation mounted in a transport container; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an installation mounted in a transport container, where:

1 - deep-sea department of the working capacity;

2 - the middle section of the working capacity;

3 - shallow water department;

4 - supporting racks of the working capacity;

5 - a partition between the middle and deep sections;

6 - a partition in the deep department;

7 - water discharge fitting;

8 - hopper;

9 - deep bath;

10 - electric discharger;

11 - a metal container;

12 - monorail with hoist;

13 - a catchment with a pump with a filter.

Electrohydropulse installation allows cleaning (decontamination) of metal products of complex geometry to comply with sanitary standards NRB-99/2009 (SanPiN 2.6.1.2523-09) by means of an electric discharge of shock waves in a liquid (water). Shock waves, acting on deposits on the surface of the object being cleaned, lead to their destruction with subsequent release from the impact zone. Waste is collected in special packages with subsequent certification of radioactive waste and the transfer of packages for placement at radioactive waste storage facilities in a specialized organization.

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to implement a technology that meets modern requirements for safety, energy saving, durability, ease of transportation, installation and operation.

The device operates as follows: In the working tank - a metal bath, in which the process of cleaning (decontamination) of the equipment takes place, water is supplied using a submersible pump installed in the tank. Water from the bath by gravity flows through the filter screen, which is part of the filter, into the reservoir.

The working capacity has several compartments of various depths 1, 2, 3, and depending on the size of metal products, it is possible to use one of the departments most suitable for the dimensions of metal products.

The pump for supplying water installed in the catchment tank 13 belongs to submersible pumps with the Prima grinding system of the NRF series. The pump casing is divided into two parts: the pump part and the motor part. In the pumping part there is an impeller mounted on the rotor shaft of the electric motor. At the bottom of the pump part there are suction openings for mechanical filtration of the pumped water.

A special chamber for heat transfer provides cooling of the electric motor and allows the pump to operate for a long time. To prevent the formation of an air plug in the pump casing there is an air valve.

Degree of protection of the pump IP68. For protection against electric shock, the pump belongs to class I.

The working capacity consists of three departments of different depths, walls, partitions 5 and 6, support posts 4 with heels, pipes, jumpers, plugs.

This design allows you to choose the optimal part of the bathroom, which will be cleaned in accordance with the dimensions of the cleaned product

Water using a hose coming from a submersible pump can be supplied directly to any part of the bath, depending on the tasks.

In the middle and deep sections of the working capacity, it is possible to drain the water, or to supply it to the tank and then return it through the submersible pump back to the bath. Such a mechanism is carried out using 7 water removal fittings and 3/4 inch ball valves installed in the middle and deep parts of the working tank. The partition 5 shown is installed between the middle and deep sections of the working capacity. The partition 6 is installed in the middle of the deep part of the bath. This arrangement of partitions allows optimal use of water that is returned from the submersible pump, and also allows you to immerse several products in one working capacity. Water from the working tank flows by gravity into the tank. To clean it, a bath is included in the bath.

With a large amount of sludge generated during cleaning, a separate element is provided for the hopper 8 for its collection.

The hopper consists of a housing, a filter, walls, legs, jumpers, pipes, heels and caps. For the free passage of water with sludge from the bath into the hopper, the hopper has a wall design in the shape shown in Fig.6. For the possibility of draining water or returning water to the tank, the hopper design provides for two water discharge fittings and two ball valves. One ball valve is located at the bottom of the hopper, another side ball valve is used to drain the water when a large amount of sediment accumulates. Also, the hopper can be used to clean products suitable for geometric parameters.

In a separate layout, a Deep 9 bath is made for cleaning large-sized metal products. A deep bath consists of: a body, walls, jumpers, pipes, a filter, legs, heels, and plugs. The deep bath is equipped with two 3/4 inch ball valves. Ball valves are designed to drain water. One ball valve is located at the bottom of the bathtub deep, another side ball valve is used to drain the water when a large amount of sediment accumulates in the bottom of the bathtub deep. Ball valves can also be used to supply water to the tank, which through a submersible pump returns to the deep bath.

A tank with a pump and filter 12 collects water from all parts of the bath, as well as the hopper and the deep bath. Further, using a submersible pump, water is returned, depending on the tasks set, to any part of the bathtub or deep bathtub.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Water from an external source is poured into the necessary section of the working tank or a deep bath. The products to be cleaned are fed by means of a hoist 12 mounted on a monorail in the upper part of the metal container 11 and are cleaned by means of an electric discharger 10 — a pulsed electric arc discharge device.

During the operation of the EGIO installation and the cleaning of the product, water flows through the filter screen with open ball valves and connecting hoses into the reservoir serving as a water collector. Further, the water, passing the filter of the tank using a submersible pump, is fed back into the metal bath through the connecting hoses from the pump. In this cycle, water undergoes a four-stage purification:

1. Using filtration nets installed in the bathtub and deep bathtub;

2. Using the filter system of the tank;

3. Using a submersible pump, which also performs mechanical filtration of the pumped water;

4. With excessive formation of sludge on the surface of the water, in the working parts of the bath, it is possible to drive the sludge into the hopper.

After finishing work on cleaning products, water with open ball valves in the working parts of the bath is driven in a water tank, and water is driven from a tank in a tank using a submersible pump.

Thus, the claimed design of water purification technology allows you to quickly and technologically pump water used as a working medium for cleaning products, while the process of mechanical treatment of water is carried out without unnecessary heat loss with the necessary safety.

The technical result is an increase in efficiency, environmental friendliness, efficiency is achieved by the fact that the processing of large parts of complex shape can be carried out with a relatively small volume of water, which allows to reduce the pump power and its energy consumption.

Industrial application. The invention can be successfully applied to devices for cleaning and decontamination of metal surfaces of objects having radioactive deposits.

Claims (5)

1. The method of decontamination of contaminated metal products, in which water is supplied to the surface to be decontaminated, electro-hydraulic shocks are carried out in the water due to pulsed spark-arc discharges, the pump is pumped out, the radioactive particles and metal salts dissolved in it are returned and returned to the decontamination zone, characterized in that that the decontamination process is carried out in a working tank, the bottom of which is made with at least two departments of varying depths. 2. A device for decontamination of contaminated metal products containing a working tank, electric discharge, water collector, pump, filter, characterized in that the bottom of the working tank is made with at least two departments with different depths. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that partitions are installed in the working vessel between departments with different depths, and the partitions have cutouts in the upper part, the width and depth of the cutout corresponds to the width and depth of the shallowest part of the tank, the bottom of which is made flat, the bottom the deep sections of the working tank is made profiled, in each lower deepest part of the bottom there is a fitting. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of departments of the working capacity is three, the departments are located along the main line, and the deepest section is located on the opposite side to the shallowest part of the side. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the working capacity, electric discharge, water collector, pump, filter are attached to the inner side of the metal container.

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