JP3825149B2 - Water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for degassing and softening water, middle water, or sewage, and for example, integrated vacuum degassing and ion exchange treatment in water distribution facilities and water purification facilities such as buildings and factories. The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for softening or purifying water while effectively removing volatile dissolved components and corrosive dissolved components in water by simple combination treatment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is well known, for example, in boiler water supply equipment, to soften water by reducing carbonate hardness by passing water through an ion exchange resin cylinder. In this case, if the oxide is dissolved in the water introduced into the ion exchange resin cylinder, it causes irreversible swelling due to oxidation in the case of strong acid / weak acid cation exchange resin, and exchange by oxidation in the case of anion exchange resin. Since the group decomposes or causes irreversible swelling, it is possible to cause a major problem that affects the durability of the ion exchange resin unless it is confirmed that oxides are not dissolved or mixed in the water during water flow. . For example, when iron ions and copper ions eluted from the lining of the piping lining are mixed in the reaction with dissolved oxygen in the water, the ion exchange resin is oxidized and deteriorated by their catalytic action. .
[0003]
Therefore, in the case where oxides are dissolved or mixed in the water flow, or there is a possibility that it will occur, it is necessary to prevent descaling and corrosion in the water before passing it through the ion exchange resin. It is common sense to perform pretreatment for the purpose.
[0004]
The most common type of pretreatment is a chemical injection system in which a chemical containing a detoxicating agent such as highly toxic hydrazine to remove dissolved oxygen and a canning agent to increase pH is added to water. is there.
[0005]
In addition, as a method that does not rely on chemical injection, there is also known a vacuum degassing method by batch processing in which oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, free chlorine, etc. dissolved in water are collectively degassed in a high-vacuum container for every fixed amount of water. A multi-stage continuous vacuum deaeration method combining an ejector and a cyclone for mass processing is also known.
[0006]
In addition, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-11319, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-12640 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-38959, a mineral component in water is ionically dissociated in a tank that applies an electrostatic field or an oscillating electric field. It is taught that the inside of the tank is degassed by depressurization when it is deposited and removed as a floating scale.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the chemical injection method, not only the toxic problem of the deoxidizer, but also when the chemical injection is performed upstream of the ion exchange resin cylinder, the amount of impurities in the water increases accordingly, which only increases the load on the ion exchange resin. In addition, there is a tendency to increase the amount of drug injected naturally, and there are various problems such as management difficulties in monitoring the appropriate amount of drug input, and the increase in drug use amount. It is not common except for applications in strictly controlled factories and other places where it is expected.
[0008]
As for the vacuum degassing method, for example, it is difficult to handle vacuum for water treatment of domestic water supply and red water countermeasures in buildings. Qi device. However, the batch processing type vacuum degassing apparatus has a limited amount of processing because the processing is discontinuous, and if it is necessary to process a large amount of water, it must be a large-scale facility, and the equipment maintenance cost Is uncommon because it is expensive.
[0009]
On the other hand, when continuous mass processing is required, such as in a food factory, a multi-stage continuous vacuum deaeration system that combines an ejector and a cyclone that are required to be technically complicated for operation and maintenance is adopted. Equipment with sufficient processing capacity per hour has been put to practical use, but the installation area is large, and the equipment and maintenance costs are large. As a degassing device for water treatment facilities, etc., such as management, it is not economically attracted and its adoption is not realistic.
[0010]
In addition to this, for example, a method of executing the hollow fiber membrane deaeration method upstream of the ion exchange resin cylinder is also conceivable, but in this case, a metal salt in water adheres to the hollow fiber membrane, and it is oxidized to become a fault. In the meantime, there is a drawback that the passage of deaerated oxygen is blocked and the deaeration becomes impossible, and the running cost increases due to frequent membrane exchange.
[0011]
In addition, the use of the hollow fiber membrane downstream of the ion exchange resin is also effective for simply removing dissolved oxygen. In this case, however, in the boiler equipment, for example, the metal ion component dissolved from the steam return pipe or the circulating hot water pipe is not used. Since it oxidizes and adheres and solidifies on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, causing clogging, it is inevitable that the entire surface of the hollow fiber membrane must be replaced relatively early.
[0012]
It is also known to simultaneously remove organic carcinogens such as trihalomethane and trichloroethylene in the water by heating and boiling the treated water in combination with the vacuum degassing treatment. In the water supply system to be supplied, energy for boiling is wasted, so there is a difficulty that cannot be adopted in reality.
[0013]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment apparatus using a combination of vacuum degassing and ion exchange treatment that is relatively easy to maintain and enables almost continuous water flow without the need for chemical injection, in particular, volatilization in water. It is to provide a water treatment apparatus for softening or purifying water while effectively removing a soluble dissolved component and a corrosive dissolved component.
[0014]
In addition, water treatment equipment that can effectively prevent the deterioration of the ion exchange resin and improve the durability of the ion exchange resin while eliminating the need for chemical injection, and thus can reduce the number of backwash times of the ion exchange resin. Another object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment apparatus that can remove dissolved substances without heating.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The basic philosophy of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is that under reduced pressure in a water pipe that receives water supply. Cavity phenomenon To collect and deaerate the dissolved gas in the water, further vacuum deaerate the water degassed in the water conduit and temporarily store the water stored in the vacuum storage tank, Water is supplied to the ion exchange resin cylinder disposed below the depressurized water storage tank without making contact with the atmosphere, and water from which dissolved oxygen is removed is passed through the ion exchange resin cylinder without using chemical injection, Therefore, the oxidation of the ion exchange membrane can be prevented.
[0016]
The deaeration apparatus of the present invention has an electrolyte in water by applying an electric field to water as disclosed in JP-B-2-11319, JP-B-2-12640 or JP-B-6-38959. Can be installed downstream of the electric field treatment apparatus for electrolyzing the water, whereby the water ionized upstream is guided to the water treatment apparatus of the present invention to remove most of the residual dissolved gas in the water and continuously remove it. It is possible to pass water to the downstream ion exchange resin cylinder. The water that has passed through the ion exchange resin cylinder has been softened or purified, and is distributed from an appropriate soft water storage tank to a downstream water distribution facility.
[0017]
The water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is configured by applying reduced pressure and, if necessary, ultrasonic treatment to water introduced from a water supply pipe. Cavity phenomenon A water pipe that collects and deaerates dissolved gas in the water by inducing water, a vacuum storage tank that temporarily stores the water degassed by the water pipe in a room that has been depressurized to below atmospheric pressure, and a lower part than the vacuum storage tank The basic feature is that it includes an ion exchange resin cylinder arranged and water supply means for introducing water stored in the decompression water storage tank into the ion exchange resin cylinder without coming into contact with the atmosphere.
[0018]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the water sucked and introduced into the water guide cylinder by decompression is used. Cavity phenomenon , And in some cases by causing boiling under reduced pressure, the dissolved gas in the water is ruptured as bubbles on the surface of the water, and this is sucked and collected as a gas in a reduced pressure source for degassing. In addition to being able to use reduced pressure to introduce water, no heating energy is required to boil the treated water.
[0019]
Water in water conduit Cavity phenomenon Ultrasonic vibration energy irradiation is effective for the induction of water, and in this case, an ultrasonic vibration applying device for causing cavitation in the water introduced from the water supply pipe is installed in the water guide tube, and the water is evacuated. Even if the degree of decompression is less than that caused by boiling under reduced pressure only by the pressure, it depends on the ultrasonic vibration energy. In cavitation in water Cavity phenomenon Can be induced and the bubble formation of the dissolved gas can be promoted. Of course, it is also effective to use ultrasonic irradiation in combination when the pressure is reduced to a sufficiently low level and water itself causes reduced-pressure boiling.
[0020]
In general, ultrasonic cavitation occurs when the sound pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. Therefore, if the sound pressure of the ultrasonic wave is (p), the density of the water to be treated is (ρ), the vibration velocity of the particles is (u), and the wave propagation velocity is (c), then p = ρcu. The intensity of the sound wave, that is, the power density (I) is I = ρcu. ² It is.
[0021]
Therefore, in the present invention, the density of the water to be treated is greatly affected by the content of impurities such as volatile components and organic substances in the water. Therefore, a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators are attached to the back side of the bottom surface of the water guide tube. The intensity of the ultrasonic wave is controlled by controlling the number of active and voltage power of the drive power supply, and cavitation occurs in the water column in the water guide tube before the vacuum reaches the saturated water vapor pressure of the water in the deaeration chamber. The components are efficiently bubbled, the bubbles are ruptured on the water surface and sucked and collected in a vacuum source, and the fine bubbles contained in the degassed water are further vacuumed by watering in the degassing chamber. It is removed by deaeration and replaced with deaerated water having a very weak oxidizing power, and then sent to the ion exchange resin cylinder to effectively prevent the deterioration of the ion exchange resin.
[0022]
The improvement of the deaeration effect by this ultrasonic vibration is remarkable, and in the present invention, unlike the ultrasonic vibration method under the condition that the water surface in the conventional general water receiving tank is open to the atmosphere, the upper part in the water guide tube is used in the present invention. Since it is performed under the condition where the space is depressurized, the gas corresponding to the equilibrium partial pressure is not dissolved again in the deaerated water from the atmosphere, and the purity is almost as high as that of pure water without chlorine odor. Deaerated water can be obtained.
[0023]
Particularly preferably, by selecting the dimensions of the water guide tube and the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration so that the standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration is given to the water filled in the water guide tube from the bottom of the water guide tube in an upright state, Ultrasonic standing waves are formed in the water column that fills the water bottle and complete reflection of the ultrasonic waves occurs on the water surface, so that the maximum ultrasonic vibration energy is transmitted, thereby generating cavitation instantaneously and the dissolved gas is active. The air bubbles are ruptured on the surface of the water and are collected and removed from the decompressed upper deaeration space in the water guide cylinder to the outside, thus further increasing the efficiency of deaeration.
[0024]
According to another preferable feature of the present invention, the water guide tube is provided with an expansion deaeration circulation system in which dissolved gas in water is rapidly expanded in the upper deaeration space in the water guide tube and degassed under reduced pressure. The expansion deaeration / circulation system includes a pump that sucks water from the lower part in the water guide tube, and a nozzle that injects water pressurized by the pump into the upper deaeration space in the water guide tube.
[0025]
That is, as described above, the pressure of the gas trapped in the cavitation cavity by the ultrasonic wave in the water guide tube is relatively small, and the bottom of the water guide tube is compressed by the water pressure of the water column to form fine bubbles and expand. However, depending on conditions such as temperature, it may remain on the surface of the water without rupturing and take time to be degassed. When the expansion deaeration / circulation system is attached, preferably the generated bubbles together with water from the portion immediately above the bubble generating portion at the bottom of the water guide tube, or in the case of applying ultrasonic vibration, from the portion immediately above the bubble generating portion on the vibration surface. By sucking and pressurizing with the pump and injecting it from the nozzle to the upper deaeration space of the water guide cylinder, the water sprayed from the nozzle can be degassed by rapidly decompressing and expanding in the upper space under reduced pressure. .
[0026]
In this case, it is more preferable that the water jetted from the nozzle collide with the inner wall surface of the water guide tube or the abutting wall member attached separately to forcibly rupture the bubbles contained in the water jet, thereby enabling more effective deaeration. is there. The gas separated by the burst of bubbles is collected and degassed from the upper deaeration space in the water guide tube to the outside, and the deaerated water is stored on the water surface in the water guide tube below by natural fall. A soot means for calming may be provided so that the deaerated water is gently introduced into the water surface.
[0027]
The combination of the pump and the nozzle used in this expansion / deaeration / circulation system constitutes a so-called water absorption jet pump, and its water absorption flow rate Q _P Is the water supply flow rate Q by vacuum suction of the water treatment device itself. _W Against Q _P = MQ _W Are in a relationship. Here, the deaeration efficiency becomes higher as the deaeration circulation coefficient m becomes larger by selecting the pump capacity, and the pump capacity can be variably set so that the water supply flow rate of the apparatus can be set. Q _W Accordingly, a circulation system in which the deaeration ability can be arbitrarily set can be obtained.
[0028]
According to still another preferred feature of the present invention, the upper opening edge of the water guide tube is provided with overflow means for introducing the water stored in the water guide tube into the reduced pressure storage tank by overflow, in this case, the reduced pressure water storage The tank receives a water overflowing from the upper opening edge of the water guide tube, deaerates the chamber, introduces water from the bottom of the deaeration chamber, floats the remaining bubbles, and the first water reservoir. A second water storage chamber that introduces water from the chamber and leads it to the water supply means, and the deaeration chamber, the first and second water storage chambers, and the upper spaces of the water conduits communicate with each other to form a decompression chamber, An intake pressure reducing device for collecting deaerated gas is connected to the pressure reducing chamber.
[0029]
Further, in this case, when a watering means for sprinkling water overflowing from the upper opening edge of the water guide tube and a watering floor for splashing water by receiving water sprayed by the watering means are provided in the deaeration chamber of the decompression water storage tank, Vacuum degassing in the decompression water storage tank becomes more efficient.
[0030]
Such a depressurized water storage tank serves as both a vacuum degassing tank by sprinkling under reduced pressure and a temporary storage tank of degassed water. As described later, the inside of the cylindrical tank is divided into two partitions. By partitioning vertically with a plate, a deaeration chamber, a first water storage chamber, and a second water storage chamber can be formed.
[0031]
In this case, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the three chambers can be determined as desired by the mounting position of the two partition plates, concrete An example of such a ratio is deaeration chamber: first water storage chamber: second water storage chamber = 0.675: 0.25: 0.075.
[0032]
The upper edge of the two partition plates forms a gap with the tank upper lid, and the upper space of the three chambers becomes a decompression chamber communicating with each other by this gap. This decompression chamber is connected to an external vacuum pump, and is kept in a decompressed state lower than atmospheric pressure during operation.
[0033]
Also, the lower edge of each partition plate is attached so as to form a gap between the tank bottom plate and the gap between the deaeration chamber and the first water storage chamber and between the first water storage chamber and the second water storage chamber. Form a passage.
[0034]
Here, the partition plate is arranged such that the gap forming the water passage between the deaeration chamber and the first water storage chamber faces the gap forming the water passage between the first water storage chamber and the second water storage chamber. In this case, the bottom plate in the first water storage chamber is arranged so that the water flowing into the first water storage chamber from the deaeration chamber does not go directly to the gap forming the water passage between the first water storage chamber and the second water storage chamber. A baffle plate having an appropriate height may be provided on the top.
[0035]
The water feeding means sucks water from the bottom of the second water storage chamber without touching the atmosphere, and sprays water into the upper space in the ion exchange resin cylinder with a pump. The inside of the ion exchange resin cylinder is shielded from the atmosphere, and an ion exchange resin filter medium bed is loaded below the upper space. The water softened by the exchange reaction while passing through the ion exchange resin filter material bed is sent from the bottom of the ion exchange resin cylinder to the soft water storage tank through the pipe, and from there to the downstream water distribution facility. .
[0036]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, even if metal ions or metals are present in the water to be treated, the corrosive dissolved gas such as dissolved oxygen, free chlorine and carbon dioxide in the water is almost upstream of the ion exchange resin cylinder. The water that can be completely deaerated and passed through the ion exchange resin cylinder is water having weak oxidizing power. Therefore, oxidation of the ion exchange resin can be prevented without performing chemical injection, and the durability can be greatly improved.
[0037]
In addition, since there is no concern about the occurrence of irreversible swelling of the ion exchange resin due to oxidation, it is possible to use, for example, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin having a low degree of crosslinking, and exchange of large molecular ions at a high exchange reaction rate. The advantage that the property can be improved can also be obtained.
[0038]
Even if iron or copper oxides are mixed in the deoxidized water, the oxidative power of the water is weak so that the ion exchange resin is not easily oxidized. By arranging the filtration layer, it can be used as a copper removal layer for removing iron, and an advantage of increasing the durability of the ion exchange resin of the water softener can be obtained.
[0039]
Since it is considered that the water treatment apparatus of the present invention is often used by being installed in a narrow room such as a machine room or a boiler room, the apparatus structure is preferably an integrated structure. In applications where the installation floor area is desired to be as small as possible, the water treatment apparatus of the present invention can be configured so that the vacuum storage tank and the ion exchange resin cylinder are formed as an integrated tank having a two-stage upper and lower structure. In this case, the upper stage of the integrated tank Is configured as a decompression water storage tank, and the lower stage is configured as an ion exchange resin cylinder.
[0040]
In the case of such an integrated tank with an upper and lower two-stage structure, a pump for the water supply means is placed on the installation floor, and the head from the upper regulated control surface in the vacuum storage tank at the upper stage of the integrated tank is The pump can be used for a part of the suction head of the pump, so that water can be fed to the ion exchange resin cylinder with a normal pump without using a high-pressure pump as the pump.
[0041]
As described above, the water treatment apparatus of the present invention can be configured as a water treatment unit having a single structure in which a decompression water storage tank and an ion exchange resin cylinder are incorporated in an integrated tank, but the present invention is limited to this. Instead, it goes without saying that the decompression water storage tank and the ion exchange resin cylinder can be configured as separate can bodies, and each can body can be connected by piping to form a collective facility.
[0042]
In addition, it is desirable to prevent electrolytic corrosion by keeping the main structural member in contact with water of the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention at the same potential including the pipe under the third or more kinds of electrical grounding conditions.
[0043]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the illustrated embodiment, the water guided from the water receiving tank is guided to the water purification electrode cylinder disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-38959, and ions of unionized metal salts in the treated water by the high frequency electric field are used. Although the apparatus of the structure which introduce | transduces the mineral component in treated water as non-adhesive free substance by non-adhesive free substance and introduce | transducing it into a water guide tube by promoting dissociation is illustrated, the water treatment apparatus of this invention is limited to this Example. In addition to direct water supply from the water receiving tank to the water conduit, it can be used in combination with the downstream side of other various water treatment devices.
[0044]
In FIG. 1, the water supply to the facility is performed by ionizing the water received in the water receiving tank 14 with the electrode cylinder 15 and then sending it to the water supply pipe 8. The electrode cylinder 15 is controlled by the controller 26. The mineral components in the water are precipitated and filtered as non-adhesive free substances by promoting the ionic dissociation of the non-ionized metal salt in the treated water by a high-frequency electric field, the details of which are described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-38959. I will not go into detail here.
[0045]
Note that an electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is interposed between the water-receiving layer 14 and the electrode cylinder 15, and this electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is opened during normal operation under the control of the controller 26. It is closed when it is necessary to stop water supply for the purpose.
[0046]
The water supply pipe 8 is connected to the lower part of the water guide tube 7, and this water guide tube 7 is for performing vacuum deaeration promoted by the generation of cavitation by ultrasonic waves, as will be described later. The water bottle 7 is attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical main body 1 in an upright posture.
[0047]
The cylindrical main body 1 is an integrated sealed tank that is hermetically sealed with an upper lid 6, and the inside of the cylindrical main body 1 is divided into two upper and lower stages by an intermediate partition wall 9, and the upper stage is a decompression water storage tank 10 for vacuum deaeration, The lower stage constitutes an ion exchange resin cylinder 11 for water softening.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 2, the interior of the decompression water storage tank 10 is vertically divided into three chambers by two partition plates 5 a and 5 b welded to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body 1 at both side edges. A deaeration chamber 2, a first water storage chamber 3, and a second water storage chamber 4 are formed in order from the upstream.
[0049]
The upper edge of each partition plate 5a, 5b forms a gap with the upper lid 6, thereby constituting a decompression chamber in which the upper spaces of the three chambers 2, 3, 4 communicate with each other together with the upper space of the water guide tube 7. The decompression chamber is connected to a suction port of an external vacuum pump 27.
[0050]
In addition, a lower edge of each partition plate 5a, 5b forms a gap with the intermediate partition wall 9, and the water communication port 12 between the deaeration chamber 2 and the first water storage chamber 3 and the first water are formed by these gaps. A water communication port 13 between the water storage chamber 3 and the second water storage chamber 4 is formed. Immediately before the communication port 13, a baffle plate 5 c extending upward from the height of the communication port 13 is provided so that the water flow from the communication port 12 is not directly inserted into the communication port 13. The lower edge of the plate 5 c is welded to the intermediate partition wall 9, and both side edges are welded to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body 1.
[0051]
The deaeration chamber 2 communicates with the upper space of the water guide tube 7 through the overflow communication pipe 18 at the upper part, and an overflow weir 17 is provided at the end of the overflow communication pipe 18 in the water guide tube 7. ing. The overflow weir 17 is spaced from the ceiling surface of the water guide tube 7 so that a reduced pressure space is secured above the water guide tube 7.
[0052]
The overflow weir 17 forms an upper opening edge of the water guide tube 7, and the water overflowing from the overflow weir 17 is guided into the deaeration chamber 2 by the overflow communication pipe 18, and this introduced water is introduced into the deaeration chamber 2. In order to spray water over a wide area, a V-shaped overflow ridge 19 connected to the outlet of the overflow communication pipe 18 extends radially in the upper part of the deaeration chamber 2, and the overflow ridge 19 is disposed below the V-shaped overflow ridge 19. A sprinkling floor 20 that receives and drops the falling water is disposed.
[0053]
The arrangement height of the sprinkling floor 20 is set so that the sprinkling floor 20 is immersed in water to a midway depth when the water level in the decompression water storage tank 10 is at the upper limit water level HL. The height dimension is limited so that the upper edge is submerged in water. In order to measure the water level in the depressurized water storage tank 10, a water level detector 31a for detecting an upper limit water level and a water level detector 31b for detecting a lower limit water level are suspended from the upper lid 6 in the second storage chamber 4, The detection output is sent to the controller 26 and used for operation control of the electrode cylinder 15, the water guide cylinder 7, the vacuum pump 27, the pumping pump 23, the electromagnetic on-off valves 16 and 22, and the like.
[0054]
Now, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 34 that radiate ultrasonic vibrations are attached to the bottom of the water guide tube 7 so as to be directed on the axis of the water guide tube 7, and these vibrators 34 are driven and controlled by the controller 26. Has been. In this case, the controller 26 variably controls the number of ultrasonic transducers 34 to be operated and the vibration output intensity by a program set in advance according to the water quality and the amount of water.
[0055]
The ultrasonic transducer 34 emits ultrasonic waves of several tens of kHz, and the distance from the effective vibration surface to the water surface of the water guide tube 7 (the upper edge of the overflow weir 17) is a quarter of the radiated ultrasonic vibration. It is determined in the vicinity of an odd multiple of a half wavelength. As a result, an ultrasonic standing wave is formed in the water column that fills the inside of the water guide tube 7, the change in density is large, and the ultrasonic vibration is almost completely reflected on the water surface to cause cavitation with high efficiency, As a result, the dissolved gas in the water is actively converted into bubbles and diffused into the upper space under reduced pressure. The upper space of the water guide cylinder 7 communicates with the upper space of the decompression water storage tank 10.
[0056]
By the way, the bottom surface of the water guide tube 7 is a vibration surface with an ultrasonic transducer 34 attached to the back surface, but in the cavitation cavity formed in the water column by the ultrasonic wave radiated into the tube from the vibration surface. Collection The particle size of the generated bubbles is generally very fine under normal use temperature conditions. For example, if the water column in the water guide tube 7 is placed under a reduced pressure of 40/760 mmHg and the temperature of the water column is 10 ° C., the volume V of bubbles generated by cavitation is
V = (n × 20 × 22.4 × 283) / (M × 273)
≈ 464 x n / M (where n / M is the molar ratio of the water column gas)
However, since the bubbles on the vibrating surface are compressed by the water pressure of the water column, the expansion is incomplete. In such a case, according to another feature of the present invention, the water guide tube is provided with an expansion deaeration circulation system.
[0057]
FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment in the case where the expansion deaeration circulation system is attached to the water conduit. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote corresponding parts. In this modified embodiment, an expansion deaeration circulation system using a pump 74 and a nozzle 76 is attached instead of the water guide tube 7 in the embodiment of FIG. A water guide tube 70 is used, and other parts are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG. The overall shape of the water guide cylinder 70 is substantially the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 1, but the upper space 71 inside thereof extends further upward than the communication opening with the overflow communication pipe 18. So that the total height is high. The upper deaeration space 71 communicates with the upper space of the deaeration chamber 2 via the overflow communication pipe 18 and is directly connected to the suction port of the vacuum pump 27 via the top pipe 72.
[0058]
A suction port 73 is provided in the vicinity of the bottom of the lower water storage portion of the water guide tube 70 so that water is sucked together with the bubbles while the bubbles generated by irradiating the water introduced from the water supply pipe 8 with ultrasonic waves. Is provided. A suction port of a pump 74 is connected to the suction port 73, and an injection nozzle 76 is connected to a discharge port of the pump 74 by a pipe 75. The injection nozzle 76 directs the injection port into the upper space of the water guide tube 70, and sprays in the form of a mist so that the discharge water pressurized by the pump 74 collides with the opposing inner wall surface in the upper space 71. Yes.
[0059]
When water is jetted from the nozzle 76 in the upper space 71 under reduced pressure, the bubbles in the water immediately lose the external pressure immediately after exiting the nozzle 76 and rapidly expand to separate the gas from the water. The separated gas is immediately collected and exhausted from the upper space 71 by the pipe 72 and the vacuum pump 27. On the other hand, the mist-like jet water degassed in this way freely falls in the upper space 71 and falls on the lower water surface. It will be piled up on top.
[0060]
In this way, the expansion and deaeration circulation system forcibly subdivides the water in the water guide cylinder 70 into a mist to release the restraint due to the pressure of the gas in the bubbles, and rapidly expands the bubbles using the force of the jet jet. Additional forced deaeration means for urging the circulation water flow rate Q by setting the discharge flow rate of the pump 74 _P Supply water flow rate Q to the unit per unit time _W If the circulation deaeration is performed by setting m times (m> 1), an additional deaeration effect can be obtained. However, if the coefficient m is further increased, the deaeration effect is increased accordingly. A fixed displacement pump or a variable displacement pump can be used as the pump 74, or a pump driven by an electric motor capable of adjusting the speed can be used.
[0061]
The pump 74 may be operated at a flow rate setting that is balanced with the feed water flow rate. When the pump 74 is operated at a higher feed water flow rate than the circulation flow rate by the pump 74, the degassed circulated water from the nozzle 76 is The water level in the water guide cylinder 70 is raised, but this eventually overflows the overflow weir 17 and is introduced from the overflow communication pipe 18 into the deaeration chamber 2, so there is no problem.
[0062]
The additional degassing system using the water guide tube 70 provided with the expansion degassing / circulation system as described above is suitable for degassing the gas in the liquid by itself, and has a relatively high density. In degassing, the ultrasonic irradiation intensity may be adjusted according to the liquid density, for example, degassing of toxic gases such as benzene contained in recovered water in oil plants and chlorine gas from washing wastewater in the washing bottle process. Since it can be used for deaeration and degassed gas can be recovered from the vacuum pump, it will be positioned as an indispensable system not only for water supply equipment but also for sewage treatment and wastewater treatment of various plants.
[0063]
Now, referring back to FIG. 1, the vacuum pump whose operation is controlled by the controller 26 for the dissolved gas in water diffused in the upper spaces of the water guide cylinder 7, the deaeration chamber 2, the first and second water storage chambers 3, 4. 27 is sucked out by the vacuum pump 27 and discharged from the exhaust line of the vacuum pump 27 to the outside. It is preferable to attach a deodorizing device to the exhaust line to prevent the odor from being diffused to the surrounding environment.
[0064]
The second water storage chamber 4 of the depressurized water storage tank 10 is connected from the bottom outlet to the upper inlet of the ion exchange resin cylinder 11 through the piping 21 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 and the pumping pump 23. The operations of the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 and the pumping pump 23 are also controlled by the controller 26.
[0065]
A lower ion exchange resin cylinder 11 in the cylindrical main body 1 is for softening water by an ion exchange reaction by flow-through, and a water spray nozzle 28 connected to an upper inlet and an ion exchange resin filter medium below the nozzle. A bottom outlet of the bottom of the filter medium bed 29 is connected to a soft water tank 33 through an on-off valve 32 by a pipe 30 and is supplied from the soft water tank 33 to a water distribution facility (not shown). ing.
[0066]
A backwash pump 37 is also connected to the bottom outlet of the ion exchange resin cylinder 11 via a check valve 35 and an open / close valve 36, and the backwash pump 37 sucks water from the soft water tank 33. It can be fed back to the ion exchange resin cylinder 11. The ion-exchange resin regenerated chemical solution required for backwashing can be injected from the chemical solution tank 38 to the suction line side of the backwash pump 37 through the chemical solution pump 39 and the valve 40. A pipe 25 to the drain pit is connected to the inlet of the ion exchange resin cylinder 11 via a valve 24 that is opened during backwashing. Further, a drain is provided between the bottom outlet of the ion exchange resin cylinder 11 and the drain pipe 25. It is connected via a valve 41 that is opened when discharging.
[0067]
The operation of the illustrated water treatment apparatus will be described. First, the electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is opened with the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 closed and the pumping pump 23 stopped, and the electrode cylinder 15 and the vacuum pump 27 are operated by the controller 26. As a result, water is sucked into the electrode cylinder 15 from the water receiving tank 14, and the mineral components in the water precipitate as non-adhesive free scales by promoting ion dissociation of the non-ionized metal salt in the treated water by the high-frequency electric field in the electrode cylinder 15. -Filtered off. The scale portion deposited in the electrode cylinder 15 is appropriately discharged from the lower drain of the electrode cylinder 15, and the descaled water dissolves oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, free chlorine gas, and the like. It sends to the decompression water storage tank 10 and deaerates.
[0068]
That is, since the inside of the water guide tube 7 and the decompression water storage tank 10 is negative pressure due to the decompression by the vacuum pump 27, the treated water in the electrode tube 15 is sucked into the water guide tube 7 through the water supply pipe 8, and this is gradually increased. When the water level is raised and finally the water guide cylinder 7 is filled and overflows from the overflow weir 17 at the upper opening edge, the overflow water is stored in the decompression water storage tank via the overflow communication pipe 18 and the overflow trough 19. The water is sprinkled into the 10 deaeration chambers 2.
[0069]
In the water guide tube 7, ultrasonic vibration from the ultrasonic vibrator 34 that is controlled by the controller 26 is applied to the water, and the strength thereof is before the reduced pressure by the vacuum pump 27 reaches the saturated water vapor pressure of the water. In addition, it is controlled so that cavitation occurs in the water by ultrasonic excitation. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of an active bubble is induced in the water in the water conveyance pipe | tube 7, the dissolved gas in water will be bubbled instantaneously, it will rise in water, it loses external pressure on the surface of the water, it bursts, and it becomes gas, and the water conveyance cylinder 7 And is discharged from the upper space (decompression chamber) of the depressurized water storage tank 10 to the outside by suction of the vacuum pump 27. In addition, in the modified embodiment of FIG. 3, forcible deaeration by the expansion deaeration circulation system is additionally performed.
[0070]
Fine water bubbles still remain in the water overflowed from the overflow weir 17 at the upper edge of the water guide cylinder 7, but this water is placed on the water spray bed 20 in the deaeration chamber 2 by the overflow tank 19. The water is sprinkled and further deaerated in the decompressed room while flowing down on the sprinkling floor 20, and gradually fills the first and second water storage chambers 3 and 4 from the deaeration chamber 2.
[0071]
Thus, the water stored in the depressurized water storage tank 10 has already been sufficiently deaerated. When the water level rises in the tank 10, the first water storage chamber passes through the communication port 12 from the deaeration chamber 2. 3, and the flow direction is forced upward by the baffle plate 5 c at this time, so even if bubbles are accompanied by the flow flowing into the first water storage chamber 3 from the communication port 12, it is light. Bubbles grow when they collide with each other when the flow direction is changed upward, flow upward while riding on the upward flow while increasing buoyancy, and reach the water surface without being inserted into the second water storage chamber 4 from the communication port 13. It loses external pressure on the water surface and rapidly expands and bursts to become a gas, which is sucked by the vacuum pump 27.
[0072]
When the deaerated water reaches the preset upper limit water level HL in the first and second water storage chambers 3 and 4, the controller 26 opens the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 at the same time as the detection signal from the water level detector 31a. The pump 23 is activated. Thereby, deaerated water is sent from the outlet of the bottom of the second water storage chamber 4 to the lower ion exchange resin cylinder 11 through the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 and the pumping pump 23.
[0073]
During this time, water supply and deaeration to the water guide cylinder 7 and the depressurized water storage tank 10 by suction of the vacuum pump 27 are continued, and the pumping pump 23 detects the water level of the upper water storage chambers 3 and 4 by the detector 31b. If the water level is lower than the lower limit water level LL, the controller 26 stops the pumping pump 23 and the vacuum pump 27 is operated to operate in the depressurized water storage tank 10. Control is performed so as to wait for the water level to recover to the upper limit water level HL again.
[0074]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the installation height of the cylindrical main body 1 and the pumping pump 23. In this example, the decompression water storage tank 10 is arranged on the upper stage, and the ion exchange resin cylinder 11 is arranged on the lower stage, The pumping head h1 on the suction side is given to the pump 23, thereby reducing the negative pressure resistance of the vacuum pump with respect to the pumping pump 23, and the actual pumping head has a relatively small h2.
[0075]
In the ion exchange resin cylinder 11, the deaerated water sent from the pumping pump 23 is sprinkled from the water spray nozzle 28 at the top of the cylinder to the ion exchange resin filtration bed 29 at the lower part thereof, and passes through the ion exchange resin filtration bed 29. The softened water is stored in the soft water tank 33 from the outlet at the bottom of the cylinder through the pipe 30 and the on-off valve 32, and is sent from there to a downstream drainage facility.
[0076]
Thus, while the deaerated water passes through the ion exchange resin cylinder from the decompression water storage tank 10, the treated water is cut off from contact with the outside air, so that the gas in the outside air is dissolved in the water according to the equilibrium partial pressure. Since it passes through the ion exchange resin in a weakly oxidative state, it can prevent the oxidation of the ion exchange resin and greatly improve its durability. Use an ion exchange resin with a low degree of crosslinking. Not only can the flow-through exchange capacity be increased, but also the cycle of backwashing the ion exchange resin can be extended.
[0077]
Moreover, since the depressurized water storage tank that contributes to deaeration is arranged in the upper stage and the ion exchange resin cylinder is arranged in the lower stage, it can be arranged in a machine room, a boiler room or the like with a relatively small installation area.
[0078]
In the example shown in the figure, the water treatment device is shown as a two-stage unitary structure unit. However, the decompression water storage tank and the ion exchange resin cylinder are configured as independent tanks, and these can be connected by a piping system. It can be set as the water treatment apparatus which functions to.
[0079]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vacuum degassing ion exchange type water softening water treatment apparatus that enables continuous water supply while using a vacuum degassing treatment container, Equipment maintenance is also relatively simple. For example, the controller can be realized with a simple on-off control device, eliminates the need for chemical injection, and effectively removes dissolved substances without heat treatment to produce soft water. Water can be sent.
[0080]
In addition, it eliminates corrosive dissolved components in water without chemical injection, and can achieve water softening with ion exchange resin, and since there is no chemical residue in the treated water, it can be used especially for boiler water management. It eliminates the need for harmful chemicals such as water and deoxidizers and prevents boiler corrosion, and since there are no chemicals in the steam of the boiler, there is no danger of chemical scattering due to its release. Can do.
[0081]
Furthermore, combined with the generation of cavitation by ultrasonic vibration, it promotes efficient vaporization of dissolved gas during vacuum degassing, and prevents re-contact of degassed water with air as much as possible to prevent oxygen from the atmosphere in the treatment system. Since water is passed through the ion exchange resin while preventing redissolving of carbon dioxide gas, deterioration due to oxidation of the ion exchange resin can be prevented. For example, even if a strongly basic ion exchange resin is used, water absorption is reduced due to oxidation of exchange groups In addition, the durability is remarkably improved without causing shrinkage, and the cleaning cycle of the ion exchange resin can be extended, so that the operation efficiency can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an explanatory view showing a cross-sectional structure of a decompression water storage tank of the apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a modified embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the installation height of a cylindrical main body and a pump.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Cylindrical body
2: Deaeration chamber
3: First reservoir
4: Second reservoir
5a: Partition plate
5b: Partition plate
5c: baffle plate
6: Upper lid
7: Water guide tube
8: Water supply pipe
9: Intermediate partition
10: Depressurized water storage tank
11: Ion exchange resin cylinder
12: Communication port
13: Communication port
14: Water tank
15: Electrode tube
16: Solenoid valve
17: Overflow weir
18: Overflow communication pipe
19: Overflow
20: Watering floor
21: Piping
22: Electromagnetic on-off valve
23: Pumping pump
24: Open / close valve
25: Open / close valve
26: Controller
27: Vacuum pump
28: Watering nozzle
29: Ion exchange resin filter media bed
30: Piping
31a: Water level detector
31b: Water level detector
70: Water conduit
71: Upper space (upper deaeration space)
72: Piping
73: Suction port
74: Pump
75: Piping
76: Nozzle

Claims (5)

An ultrasonic vibration imparting device for collecting and degassing dissolved gas in water by causing a cavity phenomenon due to ultrasonic vibration under reduced pressure in water in a cylinder introduced from a water supply pipe , and water in the cylinder Expansion deaeration in which degassing is performed by forcibly rupturing bubbles contained in the jet water by causing a jet to collide with the air bubbles in the upper deaeration space in the cylinder with a pump to the wall surface in the water guide cylinder with an injection nozzle A water conveyance cylinder having a circulation system, and a depressurized water storage tank that temporarily stores the water degassed by the water conveyance cylinder while allowing the water degassed to overflow from the upper opening edge of the water conveyance cylinder into a room whose pressure is reduced to the atmospheric pressure or less. And an ion exchange resin cylinder disposed below the depressurized water storage tank, and water supply means for introducing the water stored in the depressurized water storage tank into the ion exchange resin cylinder without contacting the atmosphere. Water treatment equipment.   A degassing chamber in which the water conveyance cylinder has overflow means for introducing water into the decompression water storage tank by overflow from the upper opening edge, and the decompression water storage tank accepts and deaerates the water overflowing from the upper opening edge of the water conveyance cylinder. A first water storage chamber that introduces water from the bottom of the deaeration chamber and floats bubbles, and a second water storage chamber that introduces water from the first water storage chamber and leads it to the water supply means, and these deaeration chambers And the first and second water storage chambers and the upper space of the water conduit communicate with each other to form a decompression chamber, and an intake decompression device for collecting deaerated gas is connected to the decompression chamber. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1. The deaeration chamber of the decompression water storage tank is provided with watering means for spraying water overflowing from the upper opening edge of the water guide tube and a watering floor for splashing water by receiving water sprayed by the watering means. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2 . The water according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an integrated tank having an upper and lower two-stage structure, wherein the upper part of the integrated tank is configured as a decompression water storage tank and the lower part is configured as an ion exchange resin cylinder. Processing equipment. The water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising an electric field treatment cylinder that electrolyzes an electrolyte in water by applying an electric field to water upstream of the water guide cylinder.

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