RU2714293C1 - Device for nonmoldboard tillage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural machine building, in particular, to devices for continuous nonmoldboard tillage of soil, including on fields having sections which do not pass moisture of atmospheric precipitation. Device for nonmoldboard tillage of soil includes mounted with support wheels welded frame with installed on it bent poles with rippers in the form of bits and removable depending on method of processing duck foot with bolt joints. Welded frame is trapezoidal and has curved in compliance with rack curvature cover plate with loop, spring, spring shock absorber with through coaxial holes of angle pieces. Latter are installed symmetrically behind the chisel and on upper surface of duck foot and are rigidly connected to them by bolt joints. On the upper and lower parts of the post and on the duck foot between the corners there are additional hinges. Strap is connected with the post by the lower part by means of hinges and by the upper part by means of loops through the spring damper it is interconnected with the post. Lower part of the post is installed between the angles and has a hole for possibility of hinged connection with them. Duck foot is connected by means of loops through the spring to the post.

EFFECT: invention will allow to reduce power consumption and metal consumption and improve the quality of soil treatment, namely: to improve leveling of the bottom, and also to increase strength and reliability of the frame structure.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for continuous subsurface tillage, including in fields having areas that do not allow moisture from atmospheric precipitation.

Known devices designed for subsurface tillage from 40 to 80 cm: chisel plow ПЧ-4,5; cultivators deep rippers type NR-80B, ChKU-4, KZU-OZV, including a rectangular frame, chisel-like paws (see "Agriculture systems in the Krasnodar Territory for 1990-1995 and for the period 2000: Recommendations. VASKHNIL, All-Russian Branch, Krasnodar Research Institute agriculture named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Kuban Agricultural Institute, Krasnodar, Book Publishing House, 1990, p. 59, 128, 260).

The disadvantages of these units are high energy costs and low quality soil treatment (uneven bottom surface remains), high metal consumption, low structural strength of the frame.

A device is also known for subsurface tillage, including a welded two-beam frame equipped with a hitch system, support elements arranged in a checkerboard pattern with working bodies having racks with a bent end with bits having a sharpening and brazing of a ceramic-metal alloy (patent RU 2468558 C1).

The disadvantages of this device include high energy costs and low quality soil treatment, high metal consumption, insufficient frame strength.

The closest to the achieved economic effect and technical essence is the unit for moldless tillage (patent RU 2482651 C1), which includes a welded frame mounted with support wheels with curved racks mounted on it with cultivators in the form of chisels and removable depending on the method of processing with pointed arms with bolted connections.

The disadvantage of this device is the high material consumption, because racks bent in three places have a long length, poor quality of soil treatment due to bottom irregularities, high energy costs, because racks are involved in cultivation, low quality of cutting weeds, low operational reliability of the paws.

The technical result is the reduction of energy intensity, metal consumption, improving the quality of processing, namely the evenness of the bottom, increasing the strength and reliability of the frame design.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for subsurface tillage, including a welded frame mounted with support wheels with curved racks mounted with rippers in the form of chisels and removable depending on the processing method of pointed arms with bolted joints, according to the invention, the welded frame is made trapezoidal and has an overlay with a loop, a spring, a spring shock absorber, with corners through-through coaxial holes, angled in accordance with the curvature of the rack, symmetrically mounted located behind the chisel and on the upper surface of the lancet paw and bolted rigidly to them, as well as additional loops located on the upper and lower parts of the rack and on the lancet paw between the corners, while the pad is pivotally and the upper part hinged and the upper part by means of loops through the spring shock absorber is connected with the stand, and the lower part of the stand is installed between the corners and has a hole to allow articulation with them, and the pointed arm through hinges h Through spring connected with the rack.

New elements are: angles mounted on the rack articulated by means of a finger, lancet paw and chisel fixed rigidly on the corners, a spring connecting the rack and paw, a swinging curved and pointed lining, a spring shock absorber connecting the lining to the rack and a trapezoidal frame.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and have not been identified in the study of this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The inventive method is recommended to be used for tillage to improve its quality, which meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device, a top view, in FIG. 2 shows a working body, in FIG. 3 - paw assembly with a chisel and angles, in FIG. 4 is a section AA, in FIG. 5 is a view B, in FIG. 6 - the bottom of the rack.

A device for subsurface soil cultivation, contains a welded hinged with support wheels 1 trapezoidal shape with hitching systems 2, adjusting the depth of tillage 3. Curved racks 4 are installed on the frame 1 with cultivators in the form of bits 5 and removable depending on the method of processing with pointed arms 6 with bolted connections 7. The device has a plate 8 curved in accordance with the curvature of the strut 4 with a loop 9, a spring 10, a spring shock absorber 11, with through coaxial holes 12 corners 13 symmetrically mounted behind lot 5 and on the upper surface of the lancet paw 6 and rigidly connected to them by bolt connections 7. The device also has additional loops 14, 15 and 16 located on the upper and lower parts of the rack 4 and on the lancet paw 6 between the corners 13. The trim 8 is connected to by the strut 4, the lower part is pivotally and the upper part via loops 9 and 14 through the spring shock absorber 11 is connected with the strut 4, the lower part of which is installed between the corners 13 and has an opening 17 to enable swiveling with them by means of a finger 18, which is installed in the coaxial holes 12 of the corners 13 and the hole 17 of the rack 4. The arrow foot 6 through the loops 15 and 16 through the spring 10 communicates with the rack 4.

A device for subsurface tillage works as follows. The device hinged and adjusted to the specified processing depth in the field in the working position, when driving, deepens the bit 5 into the soil. At this moment, the lancet paw 6 is in its highest position, forming a positive angle with the surface of the bottom of the furrow, which contributes to the process of deepening the cultivator. After deepening, the soil layer, moving along the surface of the paw 6, exerts pressure on it, and due to the gravity of the layer, the paw rotates relative to finger 18, sinking to its lowest position and stretching the spring 10. Due to this, the amount of rise in the soil layer decreases, which leads to decrease in traction resistance, in addition, there are oscillations of the bit 5 due to the action of the spring 10, which also leads to a decrease in traction resistance and to an increase in crumbling of the soil formation. Finding paw 6 when working in the lower position helps to level the bottom, i.e. improving the quality of subsurface tillage. The execution of the frame 1 in the form of a trapezoid increases its strength, rigidity, reliability of the structure, reduces metal consumption. Swinging curved and pointed pad 8, located in front of the rack 4 and fixed on it movably by means of loops 9 and 14 and a spring shock absorber 11, cuts the soil layer and the root systems of weeds and predecessors located in it in the vertical direction, preparing a trench for the course of the rack 4, contributes also reduce the resistance to movement of the device. In addition to the translational movement, along with the bit 5, the pad 8 oscillates with respect to the stand 4 by means of a spring shock absorber 11 due to a change in the resistance force of the soil due to its heterogeneity, which leads to an improvement in the conditions of root cutting and crumbling of the soil into the trench.

Claims (1)

Device for subsurface soil cultivation, including a welded frame mounted with support wheels with curved racks mounted on it with cultivators in the form of chisels and removable depending on the processing method of lancet paws with bolted joints, characterized in that the welded frame is trapezoidal and has a curved in accordance with rack bending, an overlay with a loop, a spring, a spring shock absorber, with through coaxial holes corners symmetrically mounted behind the bit and on the upper surface of the shooting chat paws and bolts rigidly connected to them, additional loops located on the upper and lower parts of the rack and on the lancet paw between the corners, while the pad is pivotally connected to the rack with the lower part and the upper part is connected to the strut through loops through the spring shock absorber, the lower part of the rack is installed between the corners and has an opening to enable articulation with them, and the pointed arm through loops through the spring is in communication with the rack.

Images